Table of SynGAP1 Isoform α2 (UniProt Q96PV0-1) Missense Variants.
| c.dna | Variant | SGM Consensus | Domain | ClinVar | gnomAD | ESM1b | AlphaMissense | REVEL | FoldX | Rosetta | Foldetta | PremPS | PROVEAN | PolyPhen-2 HumDiv | PolyPhen-2 HumVar | FATHMM | SIFT | PAM | Physical | SASA | Normalized B-factor backbone | Normalized B-factor sidechain | SynGAP Structural Annotation | DOI | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Clinical Status | Review | Subm. | ID | Allele count | Allele freq. | LLR score | Prediction | Pathogenicity | Class | Optimized | Score | Prediction | Average ΔΔG | Prediction | StdDev | ΔΔG | Prediction | ΔΔG | Prediction | ΔΔG | Prediction | Score | Prediction | pph2_prob | Prediction | pph2_prob | Prediction | Nervous System Score | Prediction | Prediction | Status | Conservation | Sequences | PAM250 | PAM120 | Hydropathy Δ | MW Δ | Average | Δ | Δ | StdDev | Δ | StdDev | Secondary | Tertiary bonds | Inside out | GAP-Ras interface | At membrane | No effect | MD Alert | Verdict | Description | |||||
| c.2029A>T | S677C 2D  3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S677C is reported in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 2825814.0) and is not present in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and the SGM‑Consensus (Likely Benign). In contrast, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, SIFT, and ESM1b predict a pathogenic impact. High‑accuracy predictors all support a benign outcome: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is Likely Benign, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) is benign. No prediction or folding‑stability result is missing or inconclusive. Based on the preponderance of evidence, the variant is most likely benign, and this assessment aligns with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | GAP | Benign | 1 | -8.496 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.076 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.153 | Likely Benign | -0.51 | Ambiguous | 0.3 | -0.30 | Likely Benign | -0.41 | Likely Benign | 0.15 | Likely Benign | -2.41 | Neutral | 0.932 | Possibly Damaging | 0.222 | Benign | 3.25 | Benign | 0.04 | Affected | 3.41 | 23 | -1 | 0 | 3.3 | 16.06 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| c.227C>G | S76C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S76C is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status (ClinVar ID 1951273.0) and is present in the gnomAD database (gnomAD ID 6‑33425835‑C‑G). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and SIFT. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports a “Likely Benign” classification. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus also as benign; Foldetta results are not available for this variant. Overall, the majority of computational evidence points to a benign impact, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” designation. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33425835-C-G | 2 | 1.24e-6 | -5.408 | Likely Benign | 0.100 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.076 | Likely Benign | -1.78 | Neutral | 0.992 | Probably Damaging | 0.869 | Possibly Damaging | 3.71 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 1 | 0 | -1 | 3.3 | 16.06 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2339C>G | S780C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S780C is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33442891‑C‑G). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN). No tool in the dataset predicts a pathogenic outcome; ESM1b is inconclusive and therefore treated as unavailable. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as likely benign, while Foldetta results are not reported and thus unavailable. Based on the collective predictions, the variant is most likely benign, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 4 | 6-33442891-C-G | 16 | 9.94e-6 | -7.603 | In-Between | 0.278 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.078 | Likely Benign | -1.41 | Neutral | 0.065 | Benign | 0.043 | Benign | 2.59 | Benign | 0.10 | Tolerated | 3.64 | 6 | -1 | 0 | 3.3 | 16.06 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2518A>T | S840C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S840C is listed in ClinVar (ID 2089808.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include only REVEL, whereas the majority of algorithms—PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Default—consistently predict a pathogenic impact. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as “Uncertain,” SGM‑Consensus (derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) as “Likely Pathogenic,” and Foldetta results are unavailable. Taken together, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect for S840C. This conclusion aligns with the ClinVar designation of uncertainty rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | Uncertain | 1 | -8.799 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.904 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.376 | Likely Benign | -3.96 | Deleterious | 0.999 | Probably Damaging | 0.975 | Probably Damaging | 1.50 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | 0 | -1 | 3.3 | 16.06 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2719A>T | S907C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S907C is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 1502069.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN). In contrast, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar) and SIFT predict a pathogenic impact. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus also as likely benign; the Foldetta protein‑folding stability analysis is unavailable for this variant. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign effect, aligning with the ClinVar classification and indicating no contradiction with the reported status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 1 | -6.685 | Likely Benign | 0.298 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.113 | Likely Benign | -2.34 | Neutral | 0.999 | Probably Damaging | 0.988 | Probably Damaging | 2.60 | Benign | 0.02 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | 0 | -1 | 3.3 | 16.06 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3038C>G | S1013C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S1013C is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 934570.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33443590‑C‑G). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN). Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and SIFT. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as likely benign; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact. This conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar status, which remains uncertain. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33443590-C-G | 4 | 2.48e-6 | -6.745 | Likely Benign | 0.110 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.058 | Likely Benign | -2.06 | Neutral | 0.898 | Possibly Damaging | 0.579 | Possibly Damaging | 2.64 | Benign | 0.05 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | 0 | -1 | 3.3 | 16.06 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.611C>G | S204C 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 S204C is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that classify the variant as benign include REVEL, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict pathogenicity are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and SIFT. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign; the SGM Consensus, derived from the majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, also indicates benign; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, predicts a benign effect. FoldX and Rosetta individually report uncertain stability changes. Overall, the majority of computational evidence supports a benign effect, which is consistent with the ClinVar uncertain status rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | PH | Uncertain | 1 | -6.613 | Likely Benign | 0.127 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.148 | Likely Benign | 0.65 | Ambiguous | 0.4 | -1.13 | Ambiguous | -0.24 | Likely Benign | 0.10 | Likely Benign | -0.64 | Neutral | 0.978 | Probably Damaging | 0.753 | Possibly Damaging | 4.13 | Benign | 0.05 | Affected | 3.44 | 10 | 0 | -1 | 3.3 | 16.06 | 223.6 | -13.8 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.2 | X | Uncertain | The hydroxyl-containing Ser204, located in the N-terminal loop before the first anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Ile205-Pro208), is replaced by the thiol-containing cysteine. In the WT simulations, Ser204 simultaneously forms hydrogen bonds with the backbone carbonyl of Asp201 and the hydroxyl group of Thr224, helping to stabilize the two anti-parallel β strands (res. Ile205-Lys207 and Cys219-Thr223) at the end of the β sheet. Since the thiol group of cysteine forms weaker hydrogen bonds than the hydroxyl group of serine, Cys204 does not maintain the hydrogen bond network as stably as Ser204 in the variant simulations. However, because the model ends abruptly at the N-terminus, no definite conclusions can be drawn from the simulations. | |||||||||||
| c.196C>G | P66A 2D  AIThe SynGAP1 P66A missense variant (ClinVar ID 1303518.0) is listed as “Uncertain” and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that agree on benign impact include REVEL, PROVEAN, ESM1b, and FATHMM, while polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and AlphaMissense‑Default all predict pathogenicity. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports a “Likely Benign” status. Separately, the high‑accuracy AlphaMissense‑Optimized result is “Uncertain,” the SGM‑Consensus remains “Likely Benign,” and Foldetta (a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) has no available result for this variant. Overall, the predictions are mixed, but the majority of high‑confidence tools lean toward a benign effect. Thus, the variant is most likely benign based on current computational evidence, and this assessment does not contradict the ClinVar status of uncertainty. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | -2.845 | Likely Benign | 0.891 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.091 | Likely Benign | -1.56 | Neutral | 0.805 | Possibly Damaging | 0.539 | Possibly Damaging | 4.04 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 1 | 1 | -1 | 3.4 | -26.04 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.1971G>C | W657C 2D  AISynGAP1 missense variant W657C is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that classify the variant as benign include REVEL and FATHMM. Those that predict a deleterious effect are FoldX, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized; Rosetta reports an uncertain outcome. High‑accuracy assessments further support a damaging interpretation: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is pathogenic, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is likely pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) is pathogenic. Overall, the preponderance of evidence indicates that W657C is most likely pathogenic, which does not contradict the current ClinVar status of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | GAP | Uncertain | 1 | -12.035 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.997 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.463 | Likely Benign | 2.74 | Destabilizing | 0.3 | 1.69 | Ambiguous | 2.22 | Destabilizing | 1.30 | Destabilizing | -11.06 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.982 | Probably Damaging | 3.43 | Benign | 0.03 | Affected | -8 | -2 | 3.4 | -83.07 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.265C>G | P89A 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P89A is listed in ClinVar (ID 1031674.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), ESM1b, and FATHMM. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are SIFT and AlphaMissense‑Default. AlphaMissense‑Optimized is uncertain, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) reports a “Likely Benign” outcome. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the majority of high‑confidence predictions indicate a benign impact, and this is consistent with the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification rather than contradicting it. Thus, the variant is most likely benign based on current predictive evidence. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 2 | -5.778 | Likely Benign | 0.920 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.095 | Likely Benign | -2.47 | Neutral | 0.225 | Benign | 0.020 | Benign | 3.77 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 1 | 1 | -1 | 3.4 | -26.04 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2914C>G | P972A 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P972A is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 3172763.0) and is present in the gnomAD database (gnomAD ID 6‑33443466‑C‑G). All evaluated in‑silico predictors classify the substitution as benign: REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. No tool predicts pathogenicity. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign outcome: AlphaMissense‑Optimized reports benign, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) indicates “Likely Benign.” The Foldetta protein‑folding stability analysis is unavailable for this variant. Overall, the computational evidence strongly suggests the variant is most likely benign, and this conclusion does not contradict the current ClinVar status of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33443466-C-G | 1 | 6.20e-7 | -0.167 | Likely Benign | 0.045 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.046 | Likely Benign | -0.89 | Neutral | 0.016 | Benign | 0.011 | Benign | 4.29 | Benign | 0.07 | Tolerated | 4.32 | 2 | -1 | 1 | 3.4 | -26.04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3100C>G | P1034A 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P1034A is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 1901716.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN). Only FATHMM predicts a pathogenic outcome, representing the sole discordant signal. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as Likely Benign; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the consensus of the majority of tools, including the high‑accuracy methods, indicates a benign impact. This prediction aligns with the ClinVar status, with no contradiction. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Benign | 1 | -4.174 | Likely Benign | 0.178 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.060 | Likely Benign | -2.44 | Neutral | 0.059 | Benign | 0.061 | Benign | 2.47 | Pathogenic | 0.06 | Tolerated | 3.77 | 5 | 1 | -1 | 3.4 | -26.04 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3136C>G | P1046A 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P1046A is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33443688‑C‑G). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote). Only FATHMM predicts a pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as likely benign; a Foldetta stability analysis is unavailable. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33443688-C-G | 1 | 6.20e-7 | -3.246 | Likely Benign | 0.048 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.041 | Likely Benign | -1.67 | Neutral | 0.001 | Benign | 0.008 | Benign | 2.39 | Pathogenic | 0.29 | Tolerated | 3.77 | 5 | -1 | 1 | 3.4 | -26.04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3250C>G | P1084A 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P1084A is listed in ClinVar (ID 2827308.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (which itself is “Likely Benign”). In contrast, PROVEAN and polyPhen‑2 HumDiv predict a pathogenic impact. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as likely benign; a Foldetta stability analysis is unavailable. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign effect, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | -3.928 | Likely Benign | 0.066 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.114 | Likely Benign | -2.54 | Deleterious | 0.649 | Possibly Damaging | 0.157 | Benign | 4.05 | Benign | 0.35 | Tolerated | 3.77 | 5 | -1 | 1 | 3.4 | -26.04 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.924G>C | W308C 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant W308C is listed in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 981381.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that assess functional impact uniformly indicate a deleterious effect: REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all classify the variant as pathogenic. No tool predicts a benign outcome. High‑accuracy assessments corroborate this: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) yields “Likely Pathogenic”; and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) also predicts pathogenic. Thus, the variant is most likely pathogenic, and this prediction aligns with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | C2 | Pathogenic/Likely path. | 2 | -12.791 | Likely Pathogenic | 1.000 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.738 | Likely Pathogenic | 5.56 | Destabilizing | 0.3 | 4.38 | Destabilizing | 4.97 | Destabilizing | 1.26 | Destabilizing | -11.95 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.999 | Probably Damaging | 0.48 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 3.38 | 19 | -8 | -2 | 3.4 | -83.07 | 230.8 | 60.5 | -0.3 | 0.1 | -0.4 | 0.4 | X | Potentially Pathogenic | The indole ring of Trp308, located in an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Thr305-Asn315), packs against multiple hydrophobic residues (e.g., Ile268, Val306, Cys282). The indole group of Trp308 also hydrogen bonds with the backbone atoms of the C2 domain residues forming the anti-parallel β sheet (e.g., Tyr280, Thr294). The introduced Cys308 is smaller than the tryptophan it replaced. The thiol group of the Cys308 side chain is well-suited for the inner hydrophobic part of the C2 domain. Although the negative effects are essentially missing from the simulations, the side chain size difference between the residues is likely to disrupt the hydrophobic packing during folding. At a minimum, the residue swap could affect the C2 domain stability and membrane association. | |||||||||||
| c.1285C>T | R429W 2D  3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R429W is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33438190‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, while pathogenic predictions come from PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and ESM1b; premPS and AlphaMissense‑Default are inconclusive. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as pathogenic, and Foldetta as benign. Overall, the majority of predictions lean toward a benign impact, and this does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | GAP | Conflicting | 5 | 6-33438190-C-T | 65 | 4.03e-5 | -10.666 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.500 | Ambiguous | Likely Benign | 0.282 | Likely Benign | 0.31 | Likely Benign | 0.1 | -0.13 | Likely Benign | 0.09 | Likely Benign | 0.52 | Ambiguous | -3.19 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.990 | Probably Damaging | 3.41 | Benign | 0.03 | Affected | 3.38 | 25 | 2 | -3 | 3.6 | 30.03 | 252.3 | 45.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.1 | X | Potentially Pathogenic | The guanidinium group of Arg429, located in an α helix (res. Met414-Glu436), either forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate group of an acidic residue (Asp474, Asp467) or a H-bond with the hydroxyl group of Ser471 in an opposing α helix (res. Ala461-Phe476). In the variant simulations, the indole ring of the Trp429 side chain cannot form ionic interactions with the acidic residues. Although it forms a H-bond with Ser471, the bonding is not as strong as that of arginine. The residue swap could affect the tertiary structure assembly during folding; however, no large-scale negative effects were seen during the simulations. | |||||||||
| c.1423C>T | R475W 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R475W is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33438455‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include only Foldetta, whereas the remaining tools (REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM Consensus) uniformly predict a pathogenic impact; FoldX, Rosetta, and premPS are inconclusive. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as pathogenic, the SGM Consensus as likely pathogenic, and Foldetta as benign. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification but suggests that the variant is more likely pathogenic rather than benign. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | GAP | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33438455-C-T | 1 | 6.20e-7 | -13.235 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.962 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.725 | Likely Pathogenic | 1.44 | Ambiguous | 0.4 | -0.92 | Ambiguous | 0.26 | Likely Benign | 0.56 | Ambiguous | -7.56 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.995 | Probably Damaging | -1.45 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 3.39 | 28 | 2 | -3 | 3.6 | 30.03 | 266.9 | 39.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | X | X | X | Potentially Pathogenic | In the WT simulations, the guanidinium group of Arg475, located near the end of an α-helix (res. Ala461-Phe476), stacks with the phenyl ring of Phe476 and forms a salt bridge with Glu472. Additionally, Arg475 occasionally forms another salt bridge with the carboxylate group of Glu486 on the α-α loop connecting the two α-helices (res. Ala461-Phe476 and Leu489-Glu519) at the GAP-Ras interface. Therefore, Arg475 potentially plays a key role in positioning the loop by interacting with Glu486, which is necessary for the positioning of the “arginine finger” (Arg485) and, ultimately, for RasGTPase activation.In the variant simulations, Trp475 moves and stacks with Arg479 on the proceeding α-α loop, disrupting the terminal end of the α-helix. Lastly, the potential effect of the residue swap on the SynGAP-Ras complex formation or GTPase activation cannot be fully addressed using the SynGAP solvent-only simulations. | ||||||
| c.1559C>T | S520F 2D  3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S520F is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that classify the variant as benign include Rosetta, Foldetta, and premPS. Those that predict pathogenicity are REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. FoldX gives an uncertain result. High‑accuracy assessments further support a deleterious effect: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts pathogenicity, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) indicates likely pathogenic, whereas Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, predicts a benign impact. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | GAP | Uncertain | 1 | -12.541 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.999 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.833 | Likely Pathogenic | -1.20 | Ambiguous | 0.4 | 0.39 | Likely Benign | -0.41 | Likely Benign | 0.25 | Likely Benign | -5.57 | Deleterious | 0.999 | Probably Damaging | 0.996 | Probably Damaging | -1.36 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 3.37 | 35 | -2 | -3 | 3.6 | 60.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| c.1717C>T | R573W 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R573W is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a pathogenic effect include REVEL, FoldX, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools with uncertain or inconclusive results are Rosetta, Foldetta, and premPS. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts pathogenicity, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) indicates likely pathogenic, and Foldetta yields an uncertain stability change. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | GAP | Conflicting | 8 | -14.078 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.995 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.758 | Likely Pathogenic | 2.37 | Destabilizing | 0.7 | 0.57 | Ambiguous | 1.47 | Ambiguous | 0.88 | Ambiguous | -6.94 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.997 | Probably Damaging | -1.48 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 3.37 | 35 | 2 | -3 | 3.6 | 30.03 | 257.6 | 39.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.0 | X | X | Potentially Pathogenic | The guanidinium group of Arg573, located in an α-helix (res. Arg563-Glu578), forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate groups of Glu582 and/or Asp586 from a nearby α-helix (res. Glu582-Met603) in the WT simulations. Additionally, the Arg573 side chain stacks planarly with the aromatic phenol ring of Tyr665 and hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl group of Ser668 from another α-helix (res. Ser641-Ser668). In the variant simulations, the indole ring of the Trp573 side chain is unable to maintain the same level of coordination as the positively charged Arg573 side chain. Indeed, Trp573 is seen hydrogen bonding only briefly with the carboxylate group of Glu582. Consequently, the integrity of the opposing α-helix end (res. Glu582-Met603) is weakened. Overall, the residue swap has the potential to substantially affect the tertiary structure assembly during the protein folding process. | ||||||||||
| c.1741C>T | R581W 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R581W is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include only Rosetta, whereas the remaining pathogenic‑predicating tools—REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM‑Consensus—consistently classify the variant as deleterious. Uncertain or inconclusive results come from FoldX, Foldetta, premPS, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as “Uncertain”; the SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is “Pathogenic”; and Foldetta remains “Uncertain.” Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic impact, which contrasts with the ClinVar designation of uncertainty. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | GAP | Uncertain | 2 | -12.855 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.920 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.678 | Likely Pathogenic | 1.32 | Ambiguous | 0.1 | -0.32 | Likely Benign | 0.50 | Ambiguous | 0.68 | Ambiguous | -6.79 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.997 | Probably Damaging | -1.37 | Pathogenic | 0.01 | Affected | 3.37 | 34 | 2 | -3 | 3.6 | 30.03 | 257.8 | 36.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | X | X | Potentially Pathogenic | Arg581 is located on a short α-α loop between two α helices (res. Arg563-Glu578 and res. Glu582-Ser604). In the WT simulations, the guanidinium group of Arg581 forms salt bridges with the carboxylate groups of Asp583 within the same helix, as well as with Glu478 and/or Glu480 in a slightly α-helical loop (res. Glu478-Thr488) preceding another α helix (res. Ala461-Phe476).In the variant simulations, the neutral indole ring of the Trp581 side chain cannot form any of these salt bridges. Instead, it packs hydrophobically against Met477 and Ile587 without forming any direct hydrogen bonds. The tendency of the loop (res. Asp477-Thr488) to acquire an α-helical structure seems to marginally increase, potentially due to Trp581's inability to coordinate stable hydrogen bonds with the loop residues (e.g., Glu478-Arg581 salt bridge). Additionally, the residue swap could weaken the tertiary structure assembly and negatively affect the overall protein folding process. | ||||||||||
| c.1976C>T | S659F 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S659F is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is absent from gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that provide definitive calls cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from REVEL, Rosetta, premPS, polyPhen2_HumVar, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized; pathogenic predictions come from PROVEAN, polyPhen2_HumDiv, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN). High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign, SGM Consensus predicts pathogenic, and Foldetta (which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) yields an uncertain result and is therefore unavailable. Overall, the majority of reliable tools favor a pathogenic effect. Thus, the variant is most likely pathogenic, a conclusion that does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | GAP | Uncertain | 1 | -10.925 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.662 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.194 | Likely Benign | -0.81 | Ambiguous | 0.1 | -0.25 | Likely Benign | -0.53 | Ambiguous | 0.32 | Likely Benign | -4.59 | Deleterious | 0.806 | Possibly Damaging | 0.171 | Benign | 3.39 | Benign | 0.05 | Affected | 3.38 | 28 | -3 | -2 | 3.6 | 60.10 | 221.3 | -61.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.6 | 0.4 | X | Potentially Benign | In the WT simulations, the hydroxyl group of Ser659, located in a kink in the middle of the long α-helix (res. Ser641-Glu666), forms a hydrogen bond with the carboxylate group of Glu656. However, the phenol ring of the Phe659 side chain cannot form a similar hydrogen bond. Instead, it interacts with the hydrophobic isopropyl side chain of Val555 from the opposing α-helix (res. Ala533-Val560). This residue swap may therefore cause issues during protein folding. | |||||||||||
| c.2003C>T | S668F 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S668F is reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 1309930.0) and is not found in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools largely agree on a deleterious effect: benign predictions come from premPS and FATHMM, while the remaining 12 tools (REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM Consensus) predict pathogenicity. High‑accuracy assessments reinforce this view: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is Pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is Pathogenic; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, is also Pathogenic. No predictions are inconclusive. Overall, the computational evidence strongly supports a pathogenic effect, consistent with the ClinVar classification. Therefore, the variant is most likely pathogenic based on the consensus of prediction tools, and this assessment aligns with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | GAP | Likely Pathogenic | 1 | -15.047 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.999 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.643 | Likely Pathogenic | 16.72 | Destabilizing | 5.0 | 11.07 | Destabilizing | 13.90 | Destabilizing | 0.00 | Likely Benign | -5.98 | Deleterious | 0.999 | Probably Damaging | 0.935 | Probably Damaging | 3.18 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 3.38 | 28 | -3 | -2 | 3.6 | 60.10 | 250.9 | -59.6 | -0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | X | X | X | Potentially Pathogenic | In the WT simulations, the hydroxyl side chain of Ser668, located on an α-α loop connecting the two α-helices (res. Ser641-Glu666 and res. Leu685-Val699), forms hydrogen bonds with the backbone carbonyl groups of Leu664, Tyr665, and Glu666, as well as the guanidinium group of Arg573 on a nearby α-helix (res. Arg563-Glu578). In the variant simulations, the side chain of Phe668 cannot maintain the same hydrogen-bond network. Due to its larger size, it moves away to avoid steric hindrance. In the WT simulations, a network of hydrogen bonds between several residues (e.g., Asn669, Lys566, and Glu666) keeps both α-helices and the proceeding loop (res. Asn669-Asp684) tightly connected, but this setup is not present in the variant simulations. Additionally, in the variant simulations, the side chain of Arg573 shifts to form a more stable salt bridge with the carboxylate group of Glu582 instead of hydrogen bonding with Ser668 as in the WT simulations. | |||||||||
| c.2218C>T | R740W 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R740W is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in the gnomAD database (ID 6‑33441683‑C‑T). Prediction tools that classify the variant as benign include REVEL, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, while those that predict pathogenicity are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and ESM1b. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicting a benign effect; the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) is inconclusive (two benign vs. two pathogenic calls) and is treated as unavailable, and no Foldetta stability data are reported. Overall, the majority of conventional tools (five pathogenic vs. four benign) suggest a pathogenic impact, whereas the single high‑accuracy tool indicates benign. Thus, the variant is most likely pathogenic based on the aggregate predictions, and this assessment does not contradict the ClinVar status of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Uncertain | 2 | 6-33441683-C-T | 6 | 3.72e-6 | -8.561 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.168 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.180 | Likely Benign | -3.09 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.938 | Probably Damaging | 2.52 | Benign | 0.01 | Affected | 4.32 | 2 | 2 | -3 | 3.6 | 30.03 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2224C>T | R742W 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R742W is listed in ClinVar (ID 2581888.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33441689‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus score (Likely Benign). Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and SIFT; ESM1b is uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) also favors benign. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the majority of computational evidence points to a benign impact, which is consistent with the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification and does not contradict it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33441689-C-T | 6 | 3.72e-6 | -7.725 | In-Between | 0.133 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.079 | Likely Benign | -1.71 | Neutral | 0.992 | Probably Damaging | 0.684 | Possibly Damaging | 2.66 | Benign | 0.01 | Affected | 4.32 | 2 | -3 | 2 | 3.6 | 30.03 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2245C>T | R749W 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R749W is listed in ClinVar as benign and is observed in gnomAD (ID 6‑33441710‑C‑T). Prediction tools that classify the variant as benign include REVEL, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, whereas pathogenic predictions come from PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and SIFT; ESM1b is uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) also returns benign, and Foldetta stability analysis is unavailable. Overall, the majority of evidence, especially from high‑confidence methods, supports a benign effect. This consensus aligns with the ClinVar designation, so there is no contradiction between the predictions and the reported clinical classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | 1 | 6-33441710-C-T | 3 | 1.86e-6 | -7.647 | In-Between | 0.338 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.173 | Likely Benign | -2.62 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.998 | Probably Damaging | 2.59 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 2 | 2 | -3 | 3.6 | 30.03 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2650C>T | R884W 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R884W is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in the gnomAD database (gnomAD ID 6‑33443202‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. In contrast, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar) and SIFT all predict a pathogenic impact. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports a “Likely Benign” classification. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign outcome: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign, and the SGM‑Consensus is also benign. No Foldetta (protein‑folding stability) result is available for this variant. Overall, the majority of computational predictions, including the high‑accuracy tools, indicate that R884W is most likely benign, which is consistent with the ClinVar “Uncertain” status rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33443202-C-T | 5 | 3.10e-6 | -3.785 | Likely Benign | 0.332 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.151 | Likely Benign | 0.26 | Neutral | 0.995 | Probably Damaging | 0.812 | Possibly Damaging | 2.56 | Benign | 0.05 | Affected | 4.32 | 4 | -3 | 2 | 3.6 | 30.03 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2864C>T | S955F 2D AISynGAP1 missense variant S955F is listed in ClinVar as uncertain and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33443416‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Those that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, and FATHMM; ESM1b is inconclusive. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) also returns benign, and Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the majority of high‑confidence predictions favor a benign impact, and this does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Conflicting | 4 | 6-33443416-C-T | 95 | 5.89e-5 | -7.374 | In-Between | 0.176 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.093 | Likely Benign | -1.73 | Neutral | 0.977 | Probably Damaging | 0.721 | Possibly Damaging | 2.32 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -3 | -2 | 3.6 | 60.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.28C>T | R10W 2D AIThe SynGAP1 R10W missense variant is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33420292‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (which itself is “Likely Benign”). Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv and SIFT; AlphaMissense‑Default remains uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) also indicates benign. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33420292-C-T | 2 | 1.30e-6 | -5.707 | Likely Benign | 0.503 | Ambiguous | Likely Benign | 0.236 | Likely Benign | -0.31 | Neutral | 0.964 | Probably Damaging | 0.190 | Benign | 4.10 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 1 | 2 | -3 | 3.6 | 30.03 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3253C>T | R1085W 2D AISynGAP1 missense variant R1085W is listed in ClinVar as Uncertain and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33443805‑C‑T). Prediction tools that classify the variant as benign include REVEL, ESM1b, and FATHMM, whereas pathogenic predictions come from PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The high‑accuracy AlphaMissense‑Optimized score is Uncertain, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) and Foldetta stability assessment are unavailable. Overall, the majority of available predictions (five pathogenic vs. three benign) indicate a pathogenic effect. Thus, the variant is most likely pathogenic, which contradicts the ClinVar designation of Uncertain. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33443805-C-T | 2 | 1.26e-6 | -6.339 | Likely Benign | 0.821 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.202 | Likely Benign | -3.15 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.996 | Probably Damaging | 2.70 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -3 | 2 | 3.6 | 30.03 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3260C>T | S1087F 2D AISynGAP1 missense variant S1087F is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools show a split: benign calls come from REVEL, ESM1b, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, while pathogenic calls come from PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), and SIFT; AlphaMissense‑Default remains uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments reinforce the benign trend: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) also yields benign. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the majority of reliable predictors and the two high‑accuracy tools suggest a benign effect, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Uncertain | 1 | -3.843 | Likely Benign | 0.497 | Ambiguous | Likely Benign | 0.105 | Likely Benign | -2.75 | Deleterious | 0.990 | Probably Damaging | 0.796 | Possibly Damaging | 2.56 | Benign | 0.03 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -2 | -3 | 3.6 | 60.10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3313C>T | R1105W 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R1105W is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33443865‑C‑T). Prediction tools show mixed results: benign calls come from REVEL, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, while pathogenic calls are made by PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and FATHMM. The AlphaMissense‑Default tool remains uncertain. A consensus analysis (SGM) that aggregates AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN yields a pathogenic majority. High‑accuracy assessments further support this: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign, whereas the SGM Consensus predicts pathogenic; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect for R1105W, which does not conflict with the ClinVar designation of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33443865-C-T | 6 | 3.93e-6 | -6.911 | Likely Benign | 0.488 | Ambiguous | Likely Benign | 0.133 | Likely Benign | -4.34 | Deleterious | 0.999 | Probably Damaging | 0.696 | Possibly Damaging | 2.42 | Pathogenic | 0.02 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -3 | 2 | 3.6 | 30.03 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3457C>T | R1153W 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R1153W is listed in ClinVar (ID 521099.0) with an uncertain significance designation and is present in the gnomAD database (variant ID 6‑33444492‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions from REVEL and ESM1b, and pathogenic predictions from PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. The high‑accuracy consensus method SGM‑Consensus, which aggregates AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports the variant as likely pathogenic. AlphaMissense‑Optimized independently predicts pathogenicity. No Foldetta stability assessment is available for this residue. Taken together, the majority of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, which is in contrast to the ClinVar uncertain classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | Uncertain | 2 | 6-33444492-C-T | 2 | 1.24e-6 | -5.812 | Likely Benign | 0.994 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.317 | Likely Benign | -5.88 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.998 | Probably Damaging | 1.46 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | 2 | -3 | 3.6 | 30.03 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3635C>T | S1212F 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S1212F is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that indicate a benign effect include only REVEL, whereas the remaining tools—PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote) score—predict a pathogenic impact. High‑accuracy assessments further support a deleterious outcome: AlphaMissense‑Optimized classifies the variant as pathogenic, and the SGM‑Consensus (derived from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) also reports it as likely pathogenic. No Foldetta stability prediction is available for this variant. Overall, the preponderance of evidence from multiple independent predictors indicates that the variant is most likely pathogenic, which is consistent with its ClinVar “Uncertain” classification rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | Coiled-coil | Conflicting | 2 | -14.445 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.997 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.271 | Likely Benign | -4.52 | Deleterious | 0.999 | Probably Damaging | 0.998 | Probably Damaging | 2.03 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -3 | -2 | 3.6 | 60.10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3640C>T | R1214W 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R1214W is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 1476244.0) and is present in the gnomAD database (gnomAD ID 6‑33446632‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from REVEL and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, while pathogenic predictions are made by PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Default. High‑accuracy assessments further refine the picture: AlphaMissense‑Optimized indicates a benign effect, whereas the SGM Consensus—derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN—labels the variant as likely pathogenic. No Foldetta stability analysis is available for this residue. Overall, the majority of evidence points toward a pathogenic impact, and this conclusion does not conflict with the ClinVar designation of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | Coiled-coil | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33446632-C-T | 2 | 1.24e-6 | -8.799 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.710 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.143 | Likely Benign | -4.95 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.983 | Probably Damaging | 2.45 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | 2 | -3 | 3.6 | 30.03 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3661C>T | R1221W 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R1221W is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 1050818.0) and is present in the gnomAD database (gnomAD ID 6‑33446653‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools show a split assessment: benign predictions come from REVEL and FATHMM, whereas pathogenic predictions are reported by PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. High‑accuracy analyses further refine the picture: AlphaMissense‑Optimized classifies the variant as benign, whereas the SGM Consensus—derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN—deems it likely pathogenic. No Foldetta stability assessment is available for this residue. Overall, the majority of computational evidence points toward a pathogenic effect, which is consistent with the ClinVar designation of uncertain significance rather than a definitive benign classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | Coiled-coil | Conflicting | 3 | 6-33446653-C-T | 1 | 6.20e-7 | -10.938 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.651 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.174 | Likely Benign | -4.57 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.987 | Probably Damaging | 2.50 | Benign | 0.01 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | 2 | -3 | 3.6 | 30.03 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.379C>T | R127W 2D AISynGAP1 missense variant R127W is listed in ClinVar with an Uncertain significance status and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools show a split: benign calls come from REVEL, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, and FATHMM, while pathogenic calls come from PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, SIFT, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The high‑accuracy AlphaMissense‑Optimized score is Uncertain, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is inconclusive, and Foldetta stability analysis is unavailable. Consequently, the evidence does not favor a clear benign or pathogenic outcome; the predictions are balanced and align with the ClinVar designation of Uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Uncertain | 1 | -4.776 | Likely Benign | 0.806 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.118 | Likely Benign | -2.98 | Deleterious | 0.989 | Probably Damaging | 0.420 | Benign | 3.88 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 2 | -3 | 3.6 | 30.03 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.406C>T | R136W 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R136W is listed in ClinVar (ID 1479441.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and FATHMM, whereas pathogenic predictions are made by PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, classifies the variant as Likely Pathogenic. High‑accuracy assessments further support pathogenicity: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts a deleterious effect, and the SGM‑Consensus also indicates Likely Pathogenic. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the majority of computational evidence points to a pathogenic impact, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | Uncertain | 2 | -10.453 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.989 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.237 | Likely Benign | -4.71 | Deleterious | 0.965 | Probably Damaging | 0.416 | Benign | 3.45 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 3.61 | 5 | 2 | -3 | 3.6 | 30.03 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.508C>T | R170W 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R170W is listed in ClinVar (ID 1310195.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect are REVEL and FATHMM, whereas the remaining tools—PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN)—all predict a pathogenic or likely pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments further support a deleterious impact: AlphaMissense‑Optimized classifies the variant as pathogenic, and the SGM‑Consensus indicates it is likely pathogenic; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, which is consistent with the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | Uncertain | 2 | -11.660 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.978 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.241 | Likely Benign | -4.28 | Deleterious | 0.999 | Probably Damaging | 0.849 | Possibly Damaging | 3.84 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 3.74 | 4 | 2 | -3 | 3.6 | 30.03 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.50C>T | S17F 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S17F is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status (ClinVar ID 3451958.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33420314‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, SIFT, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports a “Likely Benign” classification. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus also as likely benign; Foldetta results are not available. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, and this is consistent with the ClinVar “Uncertain” designation rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33420314-C-T | 10 | 6.49e-6 | -3.888 | Likely Benign | 0.637 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.048 | Likely Benign | -0.99 | Neutral | 0.486 | Possibly Damaging | 0.032 | Benign | 3.99 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 1 | -2 | -3 | 3.6 | 60.10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.514C>T | R172W 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R172W is listed in ClinVar (ID 996892.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33435156‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL and FATHMM. Those that predict a pathogenic effect comprise PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default; the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is “Likely Pathogenic.” AlphaMissense‑Optimized is uncertain, and Foldetta results are unavailable. High‑accuracy assessments therefore indicate a likely pathogenic outcome (SGM‑Consensus) with no definitive stabilizing‑folding evidence. Overall, the majority of computational predictions support a pathogenic classification, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” designation. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | Uncertain | 2 | 6-33435156-C-T | 9 | 5.58e-6 | -10.258 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.878 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.228 | Likely Benign | -3.61 | Deleterious | 0.997 | Probably Damaging | 0.803 | Possibly Damaging | 3.95 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 3.61 | 5 | 2 | -3 | 3.6 | 30.03 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.700C>T | R234W 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 R234W missense variant is listed in ClinVar (ID 856396.0) with an “Uncertain” clinical significance and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33435551‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include premPS and FATHMM, whereas the majority of other in‑silico predictors (REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM‑Consensus) indicate a pathogenic impact. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as “Uncertain”; the SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is “Pathogenic”; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, is “Uncertain.” Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, which is consistent with the ClinVar designation of uncertainty rather than a benign classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | PH | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33435551-C-T | 3 | 1.86e-6 | -12.625 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.947 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.805 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.96 | Ambiguous | 0.3 | 0.69 | Ambiguous | 0.83 | Ambiguous | 0.13 | Likely Benign | -5.52 | Deleterious | 0.997 | Probably Damaging | 0.803 | Possibly Damaging | 5.76 | Benign | 0.01 | Affected | 3.40 | 14 | 2 | -3 | 3.6 | 30.03 | 262.8 | 39.6 | -0.1 | 0.0 | -0.2 | 0.2 | X | Potentially Pathogenic | The guanidinium group of Arg234, located in a β-α loop between an anti-parallel β sheet strand (residues Gly227-Phe231) and an α helix (res. Ala236-Val250), forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate group of Glu238 in the α helix. Occasionally, it also bonds with the GAP domain residues Ser678 and Glu680. Thus, the positively charged Arg234 could contribute to the tertiary structure assembly between the PH and GAP domains. In contrast, the indole side chain of Trp234 in the variant is located on the protein surface in the variant simulations and is unable to form any interactions. | ||||||||
| c.73C>T | R25W 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R25W is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status (ClinVar ID 2993054.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33423482‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN). Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and SIFT; AlphaMissense‑Default remains uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as likely benign, while Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, and this is not in conflict with the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 2 | 6-33423482-C-T | 6 | 3.72e-6 | -5.133 | Likely Benign | 0.549 | Ambiguous | Likely Benign | 0.158 | Likely Benign | -1.60 | Neutral | 0.994 | Probably Damaging | 0.919 | Probably Damaging | 3.92 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 1 | -3 | 2 | 3.6 | 30.03 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.742C>T | R248W 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R248W is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from Rosetta, Foldetta, and FATHMM, while pathogenic predictions are made by REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus score (Likely Pathogenic). Uncertain results from FoldX and premPS are treated as unavailable. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as pathogenic, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as Likely Pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta) as benign. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | PH | Uncertain | 1 | -11.647 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.991 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.699 | Likely Pathogenic | 1.17 | Ambiguous | 0.3 | -0.20 | Likely Benign | 0.49 | Likely Benign | 0.89 | Ambiguous | -6.98 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.948 | Probably Damaging | 5.62 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 3.41 | 14 | 2 | -3 | 3.6 | 30.03 | 266.4 | 42.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.1 | X | Potentially Pathogenic | The guanidinium group of Arg248, located on an α helix (res. Ala236-Val250), forms two very stable salt bridges with Asp255 (from a short α helical section, res. Lys254-Asn256) and Glu244 (from a nearby loop) in the WT simulations. In the variant simulations, the indole group of Trp248 cannot form any salt bridges, which could negatively affect the tertiary structure assembly of the PH domain. Instead, in the variant simulations, the indole ring of Trp248 stacks against Pro252, which makes a turn after the α helix. | |||||||||||
| c.775C>T | R259W 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R259W is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 2014570.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect are limited to FATHMM, whereas the remaining evaluated algorithms—REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus—consistently predict a pathogenic impact. Uncertain results are reported by FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, and premPS. High‑accuracy assessments further support pathogenicity: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is pathogenic; the SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is pathogenic; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability calculations, remains inconclusive. Overall, the preponderance of evidence indicates that R259W is most likely pathogenic, a conclusion that does not contradict the current ClinVar status of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | C2 | Uncertain | 1 | -12.186 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.985 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.691 | Likely Pathogenic | 1.95 | Ambiguous | 0.8 | 0.51 | Ambiguous | 1.23 | Ambiguous | 0.51 | Ambiguous | -7.35 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.993 | Probably Damaging | 5.76 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 3.39 | 15 | 2 | -3 | 3.6 | 30.03 | 254.0 | 40.0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.4 | X | X | X | Potentially Pathogenic | The guanidinium group of Arg259, located at the beginning of an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Arg259-Arg272), forms salt bridges with the carboxylate groups of Asp684 at the end of an α helix (res. Ile683-Gln702, GAP domain) and Asp261 on the same β strand. The Arg259 side chain also frequently forms hydrogen bonds with the backbone carbonyl groups of Ser257, Asn256, and Asp255. In the variant simulations, the indole ring of the Trp259 side chain cannot form salt bridges or maintain hydrogen bonding with the carboxylate group of Asp684 or other nearby residues. Notably, the amino group of the Lys254 side chain maintains a salt bridge with Asp684 and Glu244 throughout the variant simulations, while it forms a cation-π bond with the indole ring of Trp259 in the variant. This salt bridge is not maintained in the WT simulations. Additionally, the partially or loosely α helical conformation of a lysine-containing loop (res. Lys251-Ser257), which extends to a nearby α helix (res. Met414-Asn426), could be stabilized due to the residue swap. Moreover, the bulky size of the Trp259 side chain requires nearby residues to adjust their positioning to accommodate the introduced residue, weakening the tertiary structure assembly between the C2, PH, and GAP domains. The residue swap potentially causes more severe effects during protein folding or for the SynGAP-membrane interaction than the solvent-only simulations imply. | |||||||||
| c.835C>T | R279W 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R279W is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 1204186.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that indicate a benign effect include only REVEL, whereas the remaining pathogenic‑predicating tools—FoldX, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM‑Consensus—consistently predict a deleterious impact. Uncertain or inconclusive results come from Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as uncertain, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as pathogenic, and Foldetta as uncertain. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect for R279W, which contrasts with the ClinVar designation of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | C2 | Uncertain | 1 | -11.417 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.942 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.485 | Likely Benign | 2.00 | Destabilizing | 0.8 | 1.47 | Ambiguous | 1.74 | Ambiguous | 0.80 | Ambiguous | -6.29 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.998 | Probably Damaging | 1.88 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 3.39 | 18 | 2 | -3 | 3.6 | 30.03 | 270.0 | 38.3 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.0 | Uncertain | The guanidinium group of Arg279, located at the beginning of an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Arg279-Leu286), can form hydrogen bond with the backbone carbonyl groups of nearby loop residues (e.g., Ser296, Ser331, and As332) and form salt bridges with the carboxylate groups of Asp330 and Asp332. In the WT simulations, Arg279 sporadically forms a salt bridge even with the carboxylate group of Glu613, loosely connecting the C2 domain and GAP domain. Meanwhile, the indole ring of the Trp279 side chain is unable to hydrogen bond with the loop residues in the variant simulations. The lack of hydrogen bond or salt bridge formation with the loop residues could be significant, as Arg279 and the loops face the polar head group region of the membrane. Thus, although Trp279 could interact with the membrane surface as a “lipid anchor,” any changes to the wider loop dynamics could still adversely affect the formation of a stable SynGAP-membrane association. However, no definite conclusions on the effect of the residue swap on the SynGAP-membrane association can be drawn from solvent-only simulations. | ||||||||||||
| c.899C>T | S300F 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant S300F is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that classify the variant as benign include REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Those that predict pathogenicity are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, and FATHMM. The remaining tool, AlphaMissense‑Default, gives an uncertain result. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) as pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) as benign. Overall, the majority of predictions lean toward pathogenicity, while two high‑accuracy methods support a benign effect. Thus, the variant is most likely pathogenic based on the current computational evidence, which does not contradict its ClinVar status of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | C2 | Uncertain | 1 | -10.222 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.353 | Ambiguous | Likely Benign | 0.117 | Likely Benign | -0.29 | Likely Benign | 0.4 | 0.16 | Likely Benign | -0.07 | Likely Benign | 0.04 | Likely Benign | -2.66 | Deleterious | 0.975 | Probably Damaging | 0.596 | Possibly Damaging | 1.52 | Pathogenic | 0.01 | Affected | 3.47 | 19 | -3 | -2 | 3.6 | 60.10 | 233.6 | -67.6 | -0.1 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.2 | X | X | Potentially Pathogenic | The hydroxyl group of the Ser300 side chain, located in a β hairpin loop linking two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Met289-Pro298, res. Thr305-Asn315), hydrogen bonds with the guanidinium group of Arg299 and the backbone amide group and side chain of Ser302. Thus, in the WT simulations, it contributes to the β hairpin stability. In the variant simulations, the phenol ring of Phe300 cannot form any side chain-related hydrogen bonds, and Arg299 is moved away from its central hairpin loop position.β hairpins are potential nucleation sites during the initial stages of protein folding, so even minor changes in them could be significant. Due to its location near the membrane surface, the residue swap could also affect the C2 loop dynamics and SynGAP-membrane association. However, this is beyond the scope of the solvent-only simulations to unravel. | ||||||||||
| c.970C>T | R324W 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R324W is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 845180.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33437875‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from REVEL, SIFT, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized; pathogenic predictions come from PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The SGM Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is pathogenic. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, SGM Consensus as pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) as uncertain. No other stability or functional scores are available. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status but suggests a leaning toward pathogenicity. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | C2 | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33437875-C-T | 2 | 1.24e-6 | -12.906 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.694 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.481 | Likely Benign | 1.49 | Ambiguous | 0.3 | 0.56 | Ambiguous | 1.03 | Ambiguous | 0.66 | Ambiguous | -3.12 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.998 | Probably Damaging | 1.82 | Pathogenic | 0.16 | Tolerated | 3.39 | 22 | 2 | -3 | 3.6 | 30.03 | 256.6 | 39.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | X | Potentially Pathogenic | The guanidinium group of Arg324, located at the end of an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Ala322-Asp330), faces outward and frequently forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate group of the Asp288 side chain, which is part of a β strand end (res. Met289-Pro298). In the variant simulations, the indole ring of the Trp324 side chain cannot maintain a similar interaction with the negatively charged carboxylate side chain of Asp288, potentially compromising the folding of the anti-parallel β sheet assembly. However, the residue swap does not appear to negatively impact the protein structure or its integrity based on the simulations. | ||||||||
| c.1453C>A | R485S 2D  3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R485S is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include only FoldX, which scores the variant as benign. In contrast, the majority of tools predict a pathogenic impact: REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (which is a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN). Tools that return uncertain results are Rosetta, Foldetta, and premPS. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as pathogenic, the SGM‑Consensus as likely pathogenic, and Foldetta as inconclusive. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect for R485S, which is consistent with the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | GAP | Uncertain | 1 | -15.603 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.998 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.609 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.40 | Likely Benign | 0.1 | 1.07 | Ambiguous | 0.74 | Ambiguous | 0.82 | Ambiguous | -5.97 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 1.93 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 0 | -1 | 3.7 | -69.11 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2443C>A | R815S 2D AISynGAP1 R815S is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ID 3645150.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from REVEL, PROVEAN, and FATHMM, while pathogenic predictions arise from polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, and AlphaMissense‑Default. Two tools report uncertainty: ESM1b and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. The SGM Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, classifies the variant as Benign. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as Uncertain, SGM Consensus as Benign, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta) has no available result. Overall, the majority of predictions lean toward pathogenicity, whereas the consensus and high‑accuracy tools suggest benignity. Thus, the variant is most likely pathogenic based on the prevailing predictions, contradicting its ClinVar benign designation. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | SH3-binding motif | Benign | 1 | -7.324 | In-Between | 0.950 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.138 | Likely Benign | -1.86 | Neutral | 0.999 | Probably Damaging | 0.997 | Probably Damaging | 2.67 | Benign | 0.02 | Affected | 0 | -1 | 3.7 | -69.11 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.249A>T | R83S 2D AISynGAP1 R83S is listed in ClinVar (ID 537001.0) with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that classify the variant as benign include REVEL, PROVEAN, ESM1b, FATHMM, and the SGM‑Consensus (Likely Benign). Tools that predict pathogenicity are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as pathogenic, while the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) indicates likely benign; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the predictions are split, with an equal number of benign and pathogenic calls, and the high‑accuracy tools are discordant. Thus, the variant is most likely pathogenic based on the predominance of pathogenic predictions, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | -2.550 | Likely Benign | 0.999 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.094 | Likely Benign | -1.87 | Neutral | 0.909 | Possibly Damaging | 0.587 | Possibly Damaging | 3.19 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 1 | 0 | -1 | 3.7 | -69.11 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.1025A>G | Y342C 2D  3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant Y342C is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 1213078.0) and is observed in gnomAD (ID 6‑33437930‑A‑G). Across general prediction tools, benign calls are made by REVEL and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, whereas pathogenic calls are made by FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM‑Consensus score (Likely Pathogenic). Uncertain results are reported by premPS and ESM1b. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicting Benign, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) predicting Pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) predicting Pathogenic. Overall, the majority of predictions support a pathogenic effect, contradicting the ClinVar benign classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | C2 | Benign/Likely benign | 2 | 6-33437930-A-G | 21 | 1.30e-5 | -7.596 | In-Between | 0.682 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.404 | Likely Benign | 2.48 | Destabilizing | 0.1 | 2.73 | Destabilizing | 2.61 | Destabilizing | 0.92 | Ambiguous | -6.67 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.999 | Probably Damaging | 1.72 | Pathogenic | 0.02 | Affected | 3.37 | 25 | 0 | -2 | 3.8 | -60.04 | 242.4 | 62.8 | 0.1 | 0.0 | -0.1 | 0.2 | Potentially Pathogenic | The phenol ring of Tyr342, located at the end of an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Gly341-Pro349), faces outward in the C2 domain. This phenol ring contributes to a triple tyrosine stack (Tyr342, Tyr328, and Tyr281) that links together three anti-parallel β sheet strands. Additionally, it shields Gly344 from the solvent, reducing its exposure and providing stability for the β-sandwich. This motif also contributes to a twist formation in the β sheet.In the variant simulations, the Cys342 side chain cannot participate in the stack formation. Instead, its thiol group forms a hydrogen bond with the backbone carbonyl group of Leu327. Although these changes in surface interactions could weaken the characteristic twist that strengthens the β sheet fold, no major structural effects are observed in the variant simulations. The residue swap could also affect the SynGAP-membrane association; however, this phenomenon cannot be addressed using solvent-only simulations. Notably, the thiol group of cysteine is not a particularly strong hydrogen-bonding partner, which could mitigate the negative effects of the residue swap. | |||||||||
| c.1490A>G | Y497C 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant Y497C is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that assess pathogenicity all return a deleterious signal: REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) all predict pathogenic. No tool reports a benign outcome. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as “Uncertain,” SGM Consensus as “Likely Pathogenic,” and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) as “Pathogenic.” Overall, the variant is most likely pathogenic based on the consensus of predictive algorithms, which contradicts the current ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | GAP | Uncertain | 1 | -11.872 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.948 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.806 | Likely Pathogenic | 3.88 | Destabilizing | 0.1 | 4.76 | Destabilizing | 4.32 | Destabilizing | 1.40 | Destabilizing | -8.82 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.995 | Probably Damaging | -1.65 | Pathogenic | 0.03 | Affected | 3.37 | 35 | 0 | -2 | 3.8 | -60.04 | 209.9 | 59.1 | -0.1 | 0.0 | -0.3 | 0.1 | X | X | Potentially Pathogenic | Tyr497 is located in the α-helix (res. Leu489-Glu519) within the inter-helix space of four α-helices (res. Leu489-Ile501, res. Val441-Ser457, res. Arg563-Glu578, res. Ala461-Val473). In the WT simulations, the phenol ring of Tyr497 hydrophobically packs with other residues in the inter-helix space (e.g., Leu465, Leu565, Val568). The hydroxyl group of Tyr497 also alternately forms hydrogen bonds with the carboxylate side chain of Gln456 and the backbone carbonyl of Glu564. Thus, Tyr497 plays a role in the folding and maintenance of the tertiary structure assembly between these four helices.In the variant simulations, the comparatively smaller residue, Cys497, cannot maintain any of the interactions seen with Tyr497 in the WT. Although no severe deleterious consequences are observed in the simulations, the structural effects could be more pronounced during actual protein folding. Indeed, the tertiary structure is seen to slightly break apart in the variant simulations. | ||||||||||
| c.1760G>C | R587T 2D  3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R587T is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include SIFT and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, whereas a majority of tools (REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM‑Consensus) predict a pathogenic outcome. Uncertain predictions from FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, and premPS are treated as unavailable. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as pathogenic, and Foldetta as uncertain. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect for R587T, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification but suggests that the variant is more likely pathogenic rather than benign. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | GAP | Uncertain | 1 | -9.697 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.784 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.603 | Likely Pathogenic | 1.14 | Ambiguous | 0.2 | 0.74 | Ambiguous | 0.94 | Ambiguous | 0.98 | Ambiguous | -4.71 | Deleterious | 0.998 | Probably Damaging | 0.847 | Possibly Damaging | -1.19 | Pathogenic | 0.08 | Tolerated | 3.37 | 35 | -1 | -1 | 3.8 | -55.08 | 227.2 | 87.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.1 | X | Potentially Pathogenic | The guanidinium group of Arg587, located on an α helix (res. Glu582-Met603), is constantly rotating and breaking/forming multiple hydrogen bonds and/or salt bridges at the surface intersection of α helices in the WT simulations. The positively charged Arg587 side chain can form a salt bridge with either the carboxylate group of Asp583 or Asp586 in the same helix, or with Glu480 on the opposing short helical loop structure (res. Glu480-Leu482).Importantly, the Arg587 side chain also hydrogen bonds with the backbone carbonyl groups of Ala634 and Asn635, as well as the carboxamide group of Asn635 at the end of another α helix (res. Asp616-Phe636). However, in the variant simulations, the neutral hydroxyl group of the Thr587 side chain is unable to form these salt bridges. Due to its smaller size, it also does not form the hydrogen bonds that the Arg587 side chain could. Instead, the hydroxyl group of Thr587 hydrogen bonds with the backbone carbonyl group of Asp583, which could weaken the integrity of the α helix, although this is not observed in the simulations.Overall, the residue swap could weaken the tertiary structure assembly and negatively affect the overall protein folding process. | |||||||||||
| c.2195G>C | R732T 2D AISynGAP1 missense variant R732T is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign (REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Optimized) and pathogenic (polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b). AlphaMissense‑Default remains uncertain. The high‑accuracy AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts a benign effect, and the SGM Consensus—derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN—also favors a benign outcome. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method that integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the preponderance of evidence from both general and high‑accuracy predictors points to a benign impact, which does not contradict the current ClinVar designation of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Uncertain | 1 | -8.545 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.434 | Ambiguous | Likely Benign | 0.075 | Likely Benign | -1.96 | Neutral | 0.999 | Probably Damaging | 0.892 | Possibly Damaging | 2.59 | Benign | 0.12 | Tolerated | 3.59 | 7 | -1 | -1 | 3.8 | -55.08 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2420A>G | Y807C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant Y807C is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status (ClinVar ID 2119812.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33442972‑A‑G). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that agree on a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and FATHMM; ESM1b is uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicting benign, while the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) predicts pathogenic. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the majority of predictions (five pathogenic vs. three benign) and the SGM Consensus support a pathogenic interpretation, whereas AlphaMissense‑Optimized alone suggests benign. The variant is most likely pathogenic based on the collective evidence, and this conclusion is not contradicted by the ClinVar “Uncertain” status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | SH3-binding motif | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33442972-A-G | 1 | 6.20e-7 | -7.228 | In-Between | 0.204 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.243 | Likely Benign | -3.89 | Deleterious | 0.997 | Probably Damaging | 0.934 | Probably Damaging | 2.42 | Pathogenic | 0.01 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | 0 | -2 | 3.8 | -60.04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2459A>G | Y820C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant Y820C is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, SIFT, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, while those that predict a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports the variant as “Likely Pathogenic.” High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, SGM‑Consensus as likely pathogenic, and Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the balance of evidence—including the SGM‑Consensus—suggests the variant is most likely pathogenic, a conclusion that does not contradict the current ClinVar uncertain classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | Uncertain | 1 | -8.797 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.744 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.113 | Likely Benign | -3.16 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.983 | Probably Damaging | 2.68 | Benign | 0.06 | Tolerated | 3.77 | 5 | 0 | -2 | 3.8 | -60.04 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2945A>G | Y982C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant Y982C is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 1310818.0) and is present in the gnomAD database (gnomAD ID 6‑33443497‑A‑G). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (Likely Benign). Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, and AlphaMissense‑Default. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized classifying the variant as benign, while the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) also favors a benign outcome. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, which aligns with the ClinVar classification and does not contradict it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 1 | 6-33443497-A-G | 2 | 1.24e-6 | -6.256 | Likely Benign | 0.746 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.195 | Likely Benign | -1.67 | Neutral | 0.997 | Probably Damaging | 0.923 | Probably Damaging | 3.87 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 1 | 0 | -2 | 3.8 | -60.04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3209_3210delinsCA | R1070T 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R1070T is listed in ClinVar (ID 2759838.0) with an “Uncertain” clinical significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include PROVEAN, ESM1b, FATHMM, and the SGM‑Consensus (which aggregates these three benign calls with the pathogenic AlphaMissense‑Default to yield a Likely Benign verdict). Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, and AlphaMissense‑Default. AlphaMissense‑Optimized returns an uncertain result. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as uncertain, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as Likely Benign, and no Foldetta stability data is available. Overall, the balance of evidence leans toward a benign impact, which is consistent with the ClinVar “Uncertain” status and does not contradict it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | -5.093 | Likely Benign | 0.860 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | -2.35 | Neutral | 0.948 | Possibly Damaging | 0.507 | Possibly Damaging | 3.78 | Benign | 0.01 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -1 | -1 | 3.8 | -55.08 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3794G>C | R1265T 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R1265T is reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 522047.0) and is not found in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools uniformly indicate a deleterious effect: REVEL, PROVEAN, PolyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all classify the variant as pathogenic. No tool in the dataset predicts a benign outcome. High‑accuracy assessments corroborate this: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts pathogenicity, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) yields a Likely Pathogenic verdict. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the consensus of all available predictions supports a pathogenic classification, which is consistent with the ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | Coiled-coil | Likely Pathogenic | 1 | -10.129 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.997 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.529 | Likely Pathogenic | -4.97 | Deleterious | 0.997 | Probably Damaging | 0.994 | Probably Damaging | 2.29 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -1 | -1 | 3.8 | -55.08 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.53A>G | Y18C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant Y18C is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 1967233.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33420317‑A‑G). Functional prediction tools largely agree on a benign effect: REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all predict benign. In contrast, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv and SIFT predict pathogenic. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports a likely benign outcome. High‑accuracy assessments confirm this: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign and the SGM‑Consensus is likely benign; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a benign impact for Y18C, which is consistent with its ClinVar uncertain status rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33420317-A-G | 44 | 2.88e-5 | -2.658 | Likely Benign | 0.251 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.102 | Likely Benign | -0.56 | Neutral | 0.872 | Possibly Damaging | 0.206 | Benign | 4.04 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 1 | 0 | -2 | 3.8 | -60.04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.872A>G | Y291C 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant Y291C is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that assess pathogenicity all converge on a deleterious effect: REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all predict pathogenicity. No tool in the dataset predicts a benign outcome. High‑accuracy methods reinforce this view: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is “Likely Pathogenic”; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability calculations, is pathogenic. Based on the unanimous computational evidence, the variant is most likely pathogenic, a conclusion that contradicts the current ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | C2 | Uncertain | 1 | -8.997 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.967 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.505 | Likely Pathogenic | 2.90 | Destabilizing | 0.4 | 3.51 | Destabilizing | 3.21 | Destabilizing | 1.35 | Destabilizing | -7.37 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.999 | Probably Damaging | 1.76 | Pathogenic | 0.01 | Affected | 3.38 | 23 | 0 | -2 | 3.8 | -60.04 | 205.2 | 66.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | -0.4 | 0.4 | X | X | Potentially Pathogenic | The phenol group of the Tyr291 side chain, located in an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Met289-Pro298), packs against hydrophobic residues of the C2 and PH domains (e.g., Leu317, Leu286, Leu284, Pro208, Val209). The phenol ring of Tyr291 also forms favorable Met-aromatic stacking with the methyl group of Met289. In the variant simulation, the thiol group of the Cys291 side chain is not as suitable for the hydrophobic inter-domain space as the phenol ring of Tyr291. Consequently, the structural unity of the PH domain is weakened and ultimately unfolds in the second simulation. Moreover, the residue swap might result in severe detrimental effects on the C2 domain structure and the C2-PH domain tertiary structure assembly during folding. | ||||||||||
| c.13C>G | R5G 2D  AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R5G is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that indicate a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (Likely Benign). Only SIFT predicts a pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) also as benign; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | -3.639 | Likely Benign | 0.150 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.169 | Likely Benign | -0.16 | Neutral | 0.013 | Benign | 0.003 | Benign | 4.12 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 1 | -2 | -3 | 4.1 | -99.14 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2420A>T | Y807F 2D  AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant Y807F is listed in ClinVar (ID 1491782.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. All evaluated in‑silico predictors classify the substitution as benign: REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all return benign scores, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) also indicates a likely benign effect. No tool in the set predicts pathogenicity. High‑accuracy assessments confirm this: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign, and the SGM‑Consensus (derived from the four high‑accuracy predictors) is benign. Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability calculations, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the computational evidence strongly supports a benign impact, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | SH3-binding motif | Uncertain | 1 | -3.667 | Likely Benign | 0.073 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.057 | Likely Benign | 0.14 | Neutral | 0.012 | Benign | 0.022 | Benign | 2.92 | Benign | 0.98 | Tolerated | 3.77 | 5 | 7 | 3 | 4.1 | -16.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2443C>G | R815G 2D AISynGAP1 missense variant R815G is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on benign effect include REVEL and FATHMM, whereas pathogenic predictions come from PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and AlphaMissense‑Default. Uncertain calls are made by ESM1b and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as uncertain, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) as pathogenic, and Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a pathogenic impact, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | SH3-binding motif | Uncertain | 1 | -7.983 | In-Between | 0.854 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.146 | Likely Benign | -3.22 | Deleterious | 0.999 | Probably Damaging | 0.997 | Probably Damaging | 2.62 | Benign | 0.02 | Affected | 4.32 | 4 | -3 | -2 | 4.1 | -99.14 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.250C>G | R84G 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R84G is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, ESM1b, and FATHMM, whereas those that predict a pathogenic outcome are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. The SGM Consensus, which aggregates AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is inconclusive (two pathogenic versus two benign votes). Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Based on the majority of available predictions, the variant is most likely pathogenic, which does not contradict the current ClinVar status of “Uncertain.” Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Uncertain | 1 | -6.627 | Likely Benign | 0.989 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.139 | Likely Benign | -2.64 | Deleterious | 0.962 | Probably Damaging | 0.726 | Possibly Damaging | 3.68 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 1 | -3 | -2 | 4.1 | -99.14 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.277C>G | R93G 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R93G is listed in ClinVar (ID 2504251.0) with an “Uncertain” clinical significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN). Only SIFT predicts a pathogenic outcome, while AlphaMissense‑Default remains uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign interpretation: AlphaMissense‑Optimized scores the variant as benign, and the SGM‑Consensus (derived from the same set of predictors) labels it “Likely Benign”; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the preponderance of evidence indicates that R93G is most likely benign, which does not contradict the current ClinVar status of uncertainty. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | -2.674 | Likely Benign | 0.400 | Ambiguous | Likely Benign | 0.093 | Likely Benign | -1.69 | Neutral | 0.103 | Benign | 0.019 | Benign | 3.99 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 1 | -2 | -3 | 4.1 | -99.14 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.484C>G | R162G 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R162G is listed in ClinVar (ID 2703066.0) with an uncertain significance status and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv and AlphaMissense‑Default. The SGM‑Consensus, which aggregates AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is classified as Likely Benign (three benign votes versus one pathogenic). High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as Benign and the SGM‑Consensus as Likely Benign; Foldetta stability analysis is unavailable. Overall, the majority of predictions support a benign impact, and this is consistent with the ClinVar uncertain status rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | -6.985 | Likely Benign | 0.664 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.190 | Likely Benign | -0.73 | Neutral | 0.487 | Possibly Damaging | 0.272 | Benign | 4.09 | Benign | 0.78 | Tolerated | 3.74 | 4 | -2 | -3 | 4.1 | -99.14 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.1118G>T | G373V 2D  3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant G373V is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33438023‑G‑T). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (Likely Benign). Tools that predict a pathogenic outcome are FoldX, Foldetta, and SIFT, while Rosetta is inconclusive. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM‑Consensus as Likely Benign, and Foldetta as pathogenic. Overall, the majority of predictions support a benign impact, and this consensus does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | C2 | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33438023-G-T | 6 | 5.03e-6 | -6.062 | Likely Benign | 0.112 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.428 | Likely Benign | 5.32 | Destabilizing | 3.2 | 0.82 | Ambiguous | 3.07 | Destabilizing | 0.09 | Likely Benign | -0.98 | Neutral | 0.007 | Benign | 0.001 | Benign | 3.90 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 3.53 | 16 | -1 | -3 | 4.6 | 42.08 | 207.6 | -68.1 | 1.9 | 1.1 | -0.6 | 0.1 | Uncertain | Gly373 is located in the Gly-rich Ω loop (res. Pro364-Pro398) between two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Thr359-Pro364, res. Ala399-Ile411). Because the Ω loop is assumed to directly interact with the membrane, it moves arbitrarily throughout the WT solvent simulations. The Ω loop potentially plays a crucial role in the SynGAP-membrane complex association, stability, and dynamics. However, this aspect cannot be fully addressed through solvent simulations alone.Ω loops are known to play major roles in protein functions that require flexibility, and thus hydrophobic residues like valine are rarely tolerated. Although no negative structural effects are observed in the variant simulations, Val373 may exert drastic effects on the SynGAP-membrane complex dynamics and stability. However, since the effect on the Gly-rich Ω loop dynamics can only be studied through the SynGAP-membrane complex, no definite conclusions can be drawn. | |||||||||
| c.1136C>T | S379L 2D  3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S379L is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 1360860.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33438041‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (Likely Benign). Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are Rosetta and SIFT. Foldetta and premPS are inconclusive and are treated as unavailable. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as Benign, the SGM‑Consensus as Likely Benign, and Foldetta as Uncertain. Overall, the majority of evidence supports a benign impact, which is consistent with the ClinVar classification; there is no contradiction with the reported ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | C2 | Benign | 1 | 6-33438041-C-T | 8 | 4.05e-5 | -5.641 | Likely Benign | 0.173 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.469 | Likely Benign | 0.39 | Likely Benign | 0.2 | 3.38 | Destabilizing | 1.89 | Ambiguous | -0.52 | Ambiguous | -0.85 | Neutral | 0.015 | Benign | 0.002 | Benign | 3.83 | Benign | 0.04 | Affected | 4.32 | 11 | -3 | -2 | 4.6 | 26.08 | 251.9 | -48.1 | 0.6 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 0.5 | Uncertain | Ser379 is located in the Gly-rich Ω loop (res. Pro364-Pro398) between two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Thr359-Pro364, res. Ala399-Ile411). Because the Ω loop is assumed to directly interact with the membrane, it moves arbitrarily throughout the WT solvent simulations. The Ω loop potentially plays a crucial role in the SynGAP-membrane complex association, stability, and dynamics. However, this aspect cannot be fully addressed through solvent simulations alone.Ω loops are known to play major roles in protein functions that require flexibility, and thus hydrophobic residues like leucine are rarely tolerated. Although no negative structural effects are observed in the variant simulations, Leu379 may exert drastic effects on the SynGAP-membrane complex dynamics and stability. However, since the effect on Gly-rich Ω loop dynamics can only be studied through the SynGAP-membrane complex, no definite conclusions can be drawn. | |||||||||
| c.1142G>T | G381V 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant G381V is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 1940172.0) and is present in the gnomAD database (6‑33438047‑G‑T). Functional prediction tools that report a benign effect include premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, and FATHMM. The SGM‑Consensus, which aggregates AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, yields a majority‑benign vote and is reported as Likely Benign. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM‑Consensus as benign, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) as pathogenic. Overall, the majority of predictions lean toward a benign impact, and this is consistent with the ClinVar uncertain status rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | C2 | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33438047-G-T | 2 | 1.25e-6 | -5.967 | Likely Benign | 0.146 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.618 | Likely Pathogenic | 7.16 | Destabilizing | 1.0 | 4.10 | Destabilizing | 5.63 | Destabilizing | -0.32 | Likely Benign | -0.95 | Neutral | 0.386 | Benign | 0.157 | Benign | 1.32 | Pathogenic | 0.10 | Tolerated | 4.32 | 9 | -1 | -3 | 4.6 | 42.08 | 214.6 | -68.8 | 0.3 | 0.7 | -0.5 | 0.3 | Uncertain | Gly381 is located in the Gly-rich Ω loop (res. Pro364-Pro398) between two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Thr359-Pro364, res. Ala399-Ile411). Because the Ω loop is assumed to directly interact with the membrane, it moves arbitrarily throughout the WT solvent simulations. The Ω loop potentially plays a crucial role in the SynGAP-membrane complex association, stability, and dynamics. However, this aspect cannot be fully addressed through solvent simulations alone.Ω loops are known to play major roles in protein functions that require flexibility, and thus hydrophobic residues like valine are rarely tolerated. Although no negative structural effects are observed in the variant simulations, Val381 may exert drastic effects on the SynGAP-membrane complex dynamics and stability. However, since the effects on Gly-rich Ω loop dynamics can only be well studied through the SynGAP-membrane complex, no definite conclusions can be drawn. | |||||||||
| c.1154C>T | S385L 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S385L is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33438059‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and SIFT. The SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) classifies the variant as “Likely Benign.” High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign outcome: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign; the SGM‑Consensus itself is benign; and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) predicts benign. Overall, the majority of computational evidence indicates the variant is most likely benign, which does not contradict the current ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | C2 | Uncertain | 2 | 6-33438059-C-T | 9 | 4.60e-5 | -6.018 | Likely Benign | 0.167 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.304 | Likely Benign | 0.16 | Likely Benign | 0.1 | 0.08 | Likely Benign | 0.12 | Likely Benign | -0.26 | Likely Benign | -0.68 | Neutral | 0.829 | Possibly Damaging | 0.706 | Possibly Damaging | 4.63 | Benign | 0.01 | Affected | 4.32 | 3 | -3 | -2 | 4.6 | 26.08 | 244.6 | -50.1 | 0.0 | 0.6 | -0.1 | 0.1 | Uncertain | Ser385 is located in the Gly-rich Ω loop (res. Pro364-Pro398) between two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Thr359-Pro364, res. Ala399-Ile411). Because the Ω loop is assumed to directly interact with the membrane, it moves arbitrarily throughout the WT solvent simulations. The Ω loop potentially plays a crucial role in the SynGAP-membrane complex association, stability, and dynamics. However, this aspect cannot be fully addressed through solvent simulations alone.Ω loops are known to play major roles in protein functions that require flexibility, and thus hydrophobic residues like leucine are rarely tolerated. Although no negative structural effects are observed in the variant simulations, Leu385 may exert drastic effects on the SynGAP-membrane complex dynamics and stability. However, since the effects on Gly-rich Ω loop dynamics can only be studied through the SynGAP-membrane complex, no definite conclusions can be drawn. | |||||||||
| c.1160G>T | G387V 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 G387V is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6-33438065-G-T). Functional prediction tools that report a benign effect include REVEL, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are FoldX, Rosetta, SIFT, and FATHMM. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is classified as likely benign, while the Foldetta stability assessment (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta) indicates a pathogenic change. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, SGM‑Consensus as likely benign, and Foldetta as pathogenic. Overall, the majority of predictions favor a benign impact, and this consensus does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status; thus the variant is most likely benign. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | C2 | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33438065-G-T | 22 | 1.37e-5 | -6.199 | Likely Benign | 0.153 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.390 | Likely Benign | 5.13 | Destabilizing | 1.8 | 6.44 | Destabilizing | 5.79 | Destabilizing | -0.33 | Likely Benign | -0.54 | Neutral | 0.069 | Benign | 0.077 | Benign | 1.32 | Pathogenic | 0.01 | Affected | 4.32 | 3 | -1 | -3 | 4.6 | 42.08 | 207.7 | -68.4 | -0.7 | 0.8 | -0.5 | 0.1 | Uncertain | Gly387 is located in the Gly-rich Ω loop (res. Pro364-Pro398) between two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Thr359-Pro364 and res. Ala399-Ile411). The Ω loop is assumed to directly interact with the membrane, and it is observed to move arbitrarily throughout the WT solvent simulations. This loop potentially plays a crucial role in the SynGAP-membrane complex association, stability, and dynamics. However, this aspect cannot be fully addressed through solvent simulations alone.Ω loops are known to play significant roles in protein functions that require flexibility, and thus hydrophobic residues like valine are rarely tolerated. Although no negative structural effects are visualized in the variant’s simulations, Val387 may exert drastic effects on the SynGAP-membrane complex dynamics and stability. Since the effects on the Gly-rich Ω loop dynamics can only be well studied through the SynGAP-membrane complex, no definite conclusions can be drawn. | |||||||||
| c.1172G>T | G391V 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant G391V is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 1014488.0) and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33438077‑G‑T). Prediction tools that classify the variant as benign include premPS, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus. Tools that predict pathogenicity are REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and FATHMM. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as benign, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) as pathogenic. With two high‑accuracy tools supporting benign and one supporting pathogenic, the overall prediction leans toward a benign effect. This conclusion aligns with the ClinVar benign classification, so there is no contradiction with the existing clinical annotation. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | C2 | Likely Benign | 1 | 6-33438077-G-T | 3 | 1.86e-6 | -6.642 | Likely Benign | 0.133 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.595 | Likely Pathogenic | 4.23 | Destabilizing | 1.3 | 4.81 | Destabilizing | 4.52 | Destabilizing | -0.11 | Likely Benign | -0.98 | Neutral | 0.994 | Probably Damaging | 0.887 | Possibly Damaging | 1.32 | Pathogenic | 0.10 | Tolerated | 3.69 | 8 | -1 | -3 | 4.6 | 42.08 | 228.6 | -69.0 | 0.0 | 0.8 | -0.5 | 0.3 | Uncertain | Gly387 is located in the Gly-rich Ω loop (res. Pro364-Pro398) between two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Thr359-Pro364 and res. Ala399-Ile411). The Ω loop is assumed to directly interact with the membrane, and it is observed to move arbitrarily throughout the WT solvent simulations. This loop potentially plays a crucial role in the SynGAP-membrane complex association, stability, and dynamics. However, this aspect cannot be fully addressed through solvent simulations alone.Ω loops are known to play significant roles in protein functions that require flexibility, and thus hydrophobic residues like valine are rarely tolerated. Although no negative structural effects are visualized in the variant’s simulations, Val391 may exert drastic effects on the SynGAP-membrane complex dynamics and stability. Since the effects on the Gly-rich Ω loop dynamics can only be well studied through the SynGAP-membrane complex, no definite conclusions can be drawn. | |||||||||
| c.155C>T | S52L 2D AISynGAP1 missense variant S52L is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in the gnomAD database (ID 6‑33423564‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from REVEL, PROVEAN, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, while pathogenic predictions arise from polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and AlphaMissense‑Default; ESM1b remains uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign interpretation: AlphaMissense‑Optimized scores the variant as benign, and the SGM Consensus—derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN—also favors benign. The Foldetta protein‑folding stability analysis is unavailable for this variant. Overall, the collective evidence points to a likely benign effect, which does not contradict the ClinVar designation of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33423564-C-T | 1 | 6.20e-7 | -7.199 | In-Between | 0.688 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.087 | Likely Benign | -1.41 | Neutral | 0.829 | Possibly Damaging | 0.706 | Possibly Damaging | 4.10 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 1 | -3 | -2 | 4.6 | 26.08 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.1712C>T | S571L 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 S571L is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33440764‑C‑T). Prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from premPS and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, while the remaining nine tools—SGM‑Consensus, REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Default—indicate pathogenicity. High‑accuracy assessments further show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, SGM‑Consensus as pathogenic (a majority vote of pathogenic predictions from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN), and Foldetta as uncertain due to conflicting FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | GAP | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33440764-C-T | 1 | 6.23e-7 | -11.651 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.660 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.841 | Likely Pathogenic | -1.53 | Ambiguous | 0.1 | -1.05 | Ambiguous | -1.29 | Ambiguous | 0.27 | Likely Benign | -5.61 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.996 | Probably Damaging | -1.25 | Pathogenic | 0.04 | Affected | 3.37 | 35 | -2 | -3 | 4.6 | 26.08 | |||||||||||||||||
| c.1811C>T | S604L 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S604L is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status (ClinVar ID 1055027.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33440863‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect are premPS and FATHMM. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. FoldX, Rosetta, and Foldetta give uncertain results. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as pathogenic, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as Likely Pathogenic, and Foldetta as uncertain. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a pathogenic impact, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | GAP | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33440863-C-T | 6 | 3.72e-6 | -14.683 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.965 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.639 | Likely Pathogenic | -0.94 | Ambiguous | 0.1 | -1.24 | Ambiguous | -1.09 | Ambiguous | -0.31 | Likely Benign | -5.97 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.991 | Probably Damaging | 3.09 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 3.37 | 35 | -3 | -2 | 4.6 | 26.08 | 234.0 | -49.6 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.5 | X | X | Potentially Pathogenic | Ser604 is located in a short turn between an α helix (res. Glu582-Met603) and a short α helical section (res. Ser606-Phe608). In the WT simulations, the hydroxyl side chain of Ser604 periodically hydrogen bonds with the backbone carbonyl groups of other α helix residues (e.g., Pro600, Met603). Serine weakens the α helix secondary structure, and thus, Ser604 along with Pro605 breaks the α helix, facilitating the turn in the WT structure.In contrast, in the variant simulations, Leu604 forms a few hydrophobic interactions (e.g., Leu607, Phe608). More importantly, the helix end is more stable than with Ser604 in the WT. The residue swap could have a more profound effect on the actual folding process, for example, by preventing the bending at the α helix end, than what the simulations suggest.Moreover, Ser604 directly hydrogen bonds with Ras residues Ser65 and Ala66 in the WT SynGAP-Ras complex. The hydrophobic leucine cannot maintain these interactions with Ras at the GAP-Ras interface. Thus, the effect of the residue swap on the complex formation with the GTPase cannot be fully explored in the solvent-only simulations. | |||||||
| c.2255C>T | S752L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S752L is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status (ClinVar ID 2143952.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33441720‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, and FATHMM. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports a “Likely Benign” classification. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as likely benign; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a benign impact, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” designation. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 2 | 6-33441720-C-T | 6 | 3.72e-6 | -3.386 | Likely Benign | 0.182 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.195 | Likely Benign | -2.09 | Neutral | 0.993 | Probably Damaging | 0.641 | Possibly Damaging | 1.51 | Pathogenic | 0.01 | Affected | 3.99 | 5 | -3 | -2 | 4.6 | 26.08 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2474C>T | S825L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S825L is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33443026‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL and ESM1b, whereas the majority of tools (PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default) predict a pathogenic impact. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports the variant as “Likely Pathogenic.” High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as “Uncertain,” and the Foldetta stability analysis is unavailable. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, which is consistent with the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33443026-C-T | 1 | 6.20e-7 | -4.987 | Likely Benign | 0.910 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.249 | Likely Benign | -4.30 | Deleterious | 0.999 | Probably Damaging | 0.994 | Probably Damaging | 1.94 | Pathogenic | 0.01 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -2 | -3 | 4.6 | 26.08 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2582C>T | S861L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S861L is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33443134‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (Likely Benign). Only polyPhen‑2 HumDiv predicts a pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign interpretation: AlphaMissense‑Optimized scores the variant as benign, and the SGM‑Consensus (derived from the majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) also indicates benign. No Foldetta stability prediction is available for this variant. Overall, the computational evidence overwhelmingly points to a benign effect, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33443134-C-T | 2 | 1.24e-6 | -4.966 | Likely Benign | 0.219 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.144 | Likely Benign | -2.10 | Neutral | 0.904 | Possibly Damaging | 0.355 | Benign | 3.93 | Benign | 0.07 | Tolerated | 4.32 | 3 | -3 | -2 | 4.6 | 26.08 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2627C>T | S876L 2D AISynGAP1 variant S876L is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from REVEL, ESM1b, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, while pathogenic predictions arise from PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), and SIFT. AlphaMissense‑Default remains uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts a benign effect; the SGM Consensus, derived from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is inconclusive and therefore unavailable; Foldetta stability analysis is also unavailable. Overall, the majority of available predictions favor a benign impact, suggesting the variant is most likely benign. This conclusion does not conflict with the ClinVar uncertain status, which reflects the current lack of definitive evidence. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Uncertain | 2 | -5.856 | Likely Benign | 0.489 | Ambiguous | Likely Benign | 0.249 | Likely Benign | -3.56 | Deleterious | 0.998 | Probably Damaging | 0.992 | Probably Damaging | 2.57 | Benign | 0.05 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -2 | -3 | 4.6 | 26.08 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2690C>T | S897L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S897L is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN). In contrast, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar) and SIFT predict a pathogenic impact. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus (derived from the same four high‑accuracy tools) also as benign. No Foldetta stability prediction is available for this variant. Overall, the majority of computational evidence points to a benign effect, and this conclusion does not conflict with the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | -4.034 | Likely Benign | 0.299 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.028 | Likely Benign | -1.71 | Neutral | 0.901 | Possibly Damaging | 0.636 | Possibly Damaging | 2.66 | Benign | 0.01 | Affected | -3 | -2 | 4.6 | 26.08 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2855G>T | G952V 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant G952V is listed in ClinVar (ID 2055482.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Only SIFT predicts a pathogenic outcome, while ESM1b remains uncertain. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, classifies the variant as “Likely Benign.” High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign interpretation: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign, and the SGM‑Consensus is likely benign; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the preponderance of evidence indicates that G952V is most likely benign, and this conclusion does not contradict the current ClinVar status of uncertainty. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | -7.074 | In-Between | 0.078 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.231 | Likely Benign | -0.33 | Neutral | 0.000 | Benign | 0.000 | Benign | 3.20 | Benign | 0.02 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -1 | -3 | 4.6 | 42.08 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3041G>T | G1014V 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant G1014V is listed in ClinVar (ID 809922.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools largely agree on a benign effect: REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all predict benign. Only polyPhen‑2 HumDiv indicates a pathogenic outcome, while the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) classifies the variant as Likely Benign. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign interpretation: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign and the SGM‑Consensus is Likely Benign; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a benign effect, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | -4.612 | Likely Benign | 0.181 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.053 | Likely Benign | -2.47 | Neutral | 0.818 | Possibly Damaging | 0.377 | Benign | 2.72 | Benign | 0.06 | Tolerated | 3.77 | 5 | -1 | -3 | 4.6 | 42.08 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3119G>T | G1040V 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant G1040V is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33443671‑G‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect are ESM1b and AlphaMissense‑Optimized; those that predict a pathogenic effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM‑Consensus score (Likely Pathogenic). High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as Likely Pathogenic, and Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the majority of predictions indicate a pathogenic impact, and this is not in conflict with the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33443671-G-T | 4 | 2.48e-6 | -3.453 | Likely Benign | 0.645 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.774 | Likely Pathogenic | -2.89 | Deleterious | 0.827 | Possibly Damaging | 0.456 | Possibly Damaging | -0.74 | Pathogenic | 0.01 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -1 | -3 | 4.6 | 42.08 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.314C>T | S105L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S105L is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33432179‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN). Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv and SIFT. High‑accuracy methods both support a benign outcome: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote) is benign; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, and this does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 2 | 6-33432179-C-T | 4 | 2.48e-6 | -3.710 | Likely Benign | 0.233 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.095 | Likely Benign | -1.52 | Neutral | 0.828 | Possibly Damaging | 0.048 | Benign | 4.06 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 1 | -3 | -2 | 4.6 | 26.08 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3179G>T | G1060V 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant G1060V is listed in ClinVar as benign (ClinVar ID 1345112.0) and is observed in gnomAD (6‑33443731‑G‑T). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Two tools, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv and HumVar, predict a pathogenic effect. The high‑accuracy consensus from SGM (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) classifies the variant as likely benign, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized also reports a benign outcome. No Foldetta stability assessment is available for this variant. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, aligning with the ClinVar designation and not contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Benign | 1 | 6-33443731-G-T | 1 | 6.22e-7 | -6.966 | Likely Benign | 0.103 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.369 | Likely Benign | -0.73 | Neutral | 0.986 | Probably Damaging | 0.728 | Possibly Damaging | 2.63 | Benign | 0.33 | Tolerated | 4.32 | 2 | -1 | -3 | 4.6 | 42.08 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3377G>T | G1126V 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant G1126V is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in the gnomAD database. Consensus from multiple in‑silico predictors indicates a benign effect: REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus score all classify the change as benign. Only the SIFT algorithm predicts a pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign interpretation: AlphaMissense‑Optimized reports a benign effect, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) also indicates likely benign, while Foldetta’s protein‑folding stability analysis is unavailable. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a benign variant, which is consistent with the ClinVar uncertain status rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33443929-G-T | -6.536 | Likely Benign | 0.089 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.357 | Likely Benign | -1.20 | Neutral | 0.009 | Benign | 0.008 | Benign | 4.76 | Benign | 0.03 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -1 | -3 | 4.6 | 42.08 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3380G>T | G1127V 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant G1127V is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33443932‑G‑T). All available in silico predictors classify the change as benign: REVEL, PROVEAN, PolyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. No tool reports a pathogenic prediction. Grouping by agreement, the benign‑predicting tools comprise the entire set, while no pathogenic predictions exist. High‑accuracy assessments reinforce this: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) indicates “Likely Benign.” Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the variant is most likely benign, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33443932-G-T | 1 | 6.69e-7 | -6.097 | Likely Benign | 0.094 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.230 | Likely Benign | -1.01 | Neutral | 0.004 | Benign | 0.005 | Benign | 4.81 | Benign | 0.17 | Tolerated | 4.32 | 4 | -1 | -3 | 4.6 | 42.08 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3494C>T | S1165L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S1165L is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 225899.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools show a split: benign predictions come from REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, and FATHMM, while pathogenic predictions arise from polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and AlphaMissense‑Default. Grouping by consensus, the benign‑predicted tools outnumber the pathogenic ones. High‑accuracy assessments further clarify the picture: the SGM‑Consensus, which aggregates AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, leans toward benign (Likely Benign); AlphaMissense‑Optimized remains uncertain, and Foldetta data are unavailable. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign effect, aligning with the ClinVar uncertain status rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Conflicting | 2 | -2.984 | Likely Benign | 0.793 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.166 | Likely Benign | -2.01 | Neutral | 0.998 | Probably Damaging | 0.992 | Probably Damaging | 2.60 | Benign | 0.33 | Tolerated | 3.88 | 3 | -3 | -2 | 4.6 | 26.08 | 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.11.011 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3557C>T | S1186L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S1186L (ClinVar ID 930096.0) is listed as Uncertain in ClinVar and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33444592‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, ESM1b, and FATHMM, whereas those that predict a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, and AlphaMissense‑Default. AlphaMissense‑Optimized reports an uncertain outcome. The high‑accuracy consensus (SGM Consensus) derived from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN yields a tie, leaving the result inconclusive. Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability calculations, has no available output for this variant. Overall, the majority of evidence points toward a pathogenic impact, and this assessment does not contradict the ClinVar Uncertain classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Coiled-coil | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33444592-C-T | -4.829 | Likely Benign | 0.923 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.177 | Likely Benign | -2.58 | Deleterious | 0.998 | Probably Damaging | 0.992 | Probably Damaging | 2.65 | Benign | 0.04 | Affected | 3.82 | 4 | -3 | -2 | 4.6 | 26.08 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.1970G>T | W657L 2D  3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant W657L is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 2767440.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, and FATHMM. Tools that agree on a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. Uncertain predictions come from Foldetta, premPS, and Rosetta. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts pathogenicity, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) also predicts pathogenic, and Foldetta predicts a benign folding‑stability change. Overall, the majority of evidence points toward a pathogenic impact, which is consistent with the ClinVar uncertain status but leans toward pathogenic rather than benign. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | GAP | Uncertain | 1 | -14.411 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.960 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.213 | Likely Benign | 0.14 | Likely Benign | 0.1 | 0.73 | Ambiguous | 0.44 | Likely Benign | 0.87 | Ambiguous | -10.86 | Deleterious | 0.277 | Benign | 0.078 | Benign | 3.52 | Benign | 0.14 | Tolerated | 3.39 | 24 | -2 | -2 | 4.7 | -73.05 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2168C>T | T723I 2D  3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant T723I is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 436924.0) and is observed in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33441633‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools largely agree on a benign effect: REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all predict benign. Only SIFT classifies the change as pathogenic. The SGM Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports “Likely Benign.” High‑accuracy assessments reinforce this view: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign, the SGM Consensus is likely benign, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) also indicates a benign impact. No prediction or stability result is missing or inconclusive. Based on the collective evidence, the variant is most likely benign, and this conclusion is consistent with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | GAP | Likely Benign | 1 | 6-33441633-C-T | 2 | 1.24e-6 | -2.591 | Likely Benign | 0.120 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.045 | Likely Benign | -0.39 | Likely Benign | 0.0 | -0.20 | Likely Benign | -0.30 | Likely Benign | 0.26 | Likely Benign | -2.09 | Neutral | 0.088 | Benign | 0.030 | Benign | 3.39 | Benign | 0.03 | Affected | 3.50 | 8 | 0 | -1 | 5.2 | 12.05 | 252.3 | -31.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | -0.2 | 0.2 | X | Uncertain | The hydroxyl group of Thr723, located on the outer surface of an α-helix (res. Leu714-Arg726), continuously forms hydrogen bonds with the backbone carbonyl of Asn719 in the WT simulations, potentially lowering the stability of the α-helix. In the variant simulations, the sec-butyl side chain of Ile723 cannot form any hydrogen bonds, which, in theory, could increase the helix stability. However, because the model ends abruptly at the C-terminus, no definite conclusions can be drawn based on the simulations. | ||||||||
| c.2924C>T | T975I 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant T975I is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in the gnomAD database (ID 6‑33443476‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on benign impact include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized; no tool predicts pathogenicity. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, also reports a “Likely Benign” classification. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as likely benign, while Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) has no available result for this variant. Overall, the computational evidence overwhelmingly supports a benign effect, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” designation. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33443476-C-T | 6 | 3.72e-6 | -3.912 | Likely Benign | 0.164 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.068 | Likely Benign | -1.66 | Neutral | 0.411 | Benign | 0.239 | Benign | 4.11 | Benign | 0.66 | Tolerated | 4.32 | 2 | 0 | -1 | 5.2 | 12.05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3053C>T | T1018I 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant T1018I is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33443605‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on benign impact include REVEL, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, while those that predict pathogenicity are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, SIFT, and FATHMM; AlphaMissense‑Default remains uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as pathogenic, and Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the predictions are split, with no clear majority leaning toward either benign or pathogenic. Thus, the variant’s impact remains inconclusive, and this uncertainty aligns with ClinVar’s current “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33443605-C-T | 4 | 2.48e-6 | -3.264 | Likely Benign | 0.524 | Ambiguous | Likely Benign | 0.076 | Likely Benign | -2.55 | Deleterious | 0.586 | Possibly Damaging | 0.304 | Benign | 2.24 | Pathogenic | 0.01 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -1 | 0 | 5.2 | 12.05 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.1556A>C | E519A 2D  3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 E519A missense variant is listed in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 1029087.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, Foldetta, premPS, SIFT, and FATHMM. Those that predict a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN). Uncertain predictions from Rosetta and AlphaMissense‑Optimized are treated as unavailable. High‑accuracy results are: AlphaMissense‑Optimized – unavailable; SGM‑Consensus – Pathogenic; Foldetta – Benign. Overall, the predictions are balanced, but the high‑accuracy Foldetta result leans toward benign while the consensus leans toward pathogenic, leaving the assessment inconclusive. Based on the available predictions, the variant is most likely benign, contradicting the ClinVar pathogenic classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | GAP | Likely Pathogenic | 1 | -8.557 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.904 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.384 | Likely Benign | -0.05 | Likely Benign | 0.0 | 0.55 | Ambiguous | 0.25 | Likely Benign | 0.00 | Likely Benign | -5.23 | Deleterious | 0.999 | Probably Damaging | 0.998 | Probably Damaging | 3.33 | Benign | 0.10 | Tolerated | 3.37 | 35 | 0 | -1 | 5.3 | -58.04 | 162.4 | 83.5 | -0.1 | 0.1 | -0.2 | 0.0 | X | Potentially Benign | Glu519 is located at the beginning of an α-α loop between the two α-helices (res. Gly502-Tyr518 and Ala533-Val560). In the WT simulations, the carboxylate side chain of Glu519 does not make any specific interactions. Accordingly, the Ala residue swap does not show any negative structural effects in the variant simulations. However, it should be noted that Glu519 faces the missing part of the N-terminal in the model, and thus its potential role in maintaining the tertiary structure might be de-emphasized in the current model. | |||||||||||
| c.182A>C | E61A 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant E61A is listed in ClinVar (ID 3767543.0) with an *Uncertain* clinical significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN). Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and SIFT; AlphaMissense‑Default remains uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as likely benign, while Foldetta (a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) has no available result for this variant. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, and this conclusion does not contradict the current ClinVar status of uncertainty. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | -5.235 | Likely Benign | 0.453 | Ambiguous | Likely Benign | 0.074 | Likely Benign | -1.52 | Neutral | 0.458 | Possibly Damaging | 0.678 | Possibly Damaging | 4.12 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 0 | -1 | 5.3 | -58.04 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3026A>C | E1009A 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant E1009A is listed in ClinVar (ID 2238288.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The SGM‑Consensus, which is a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports the variant as “Likely Pathogenic.” High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, SGM‑Consensus as likely pathogenic, and Foldetta (a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta) results are unavailable. Overall, the majority of predictions (six pathogenic vs. three benign) lean toward a pathogenic impact, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar status, which remains uncertain. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | Uncertain | 1 | -3.118 | Likely Benign | 0.679 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.109 | Likely Benign | -3.06 | Deleterious | 0.980 | Probably Damaging | 0.630 | Possibly Damaging | 2.39 | Pathogenic | 0.01 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | 0 | -1 | 5.3 | -58.04 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3287A>C | E1096A 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant E1096A is listed in ClinVar (ID 2579889.0) with an uncertain significance annotation and is not reported in gnomAD. Consensus from multiple in‑silico predictors shows a predominance of benign calls: REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN). Only polyPhen‑2 HumDiv assigns a pathogenic label, while AlphaMissense‑Default remains uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign interpretation: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign, and the SGM‑Consensus also indicates likely benign; Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the aggregate evidence points to a benign effect, which is consistent with the ClinVar uncertain status rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | -4.504 | Likely Benign | 0.510 | Ambiguous | Likely Benign | 0.164 | Likely Benign | -1.37 | Neutral | 0.626 | Possibly Damaging | 0.184 | Benign | 2.77 | Benign | 0.16 | Tolerated | 3.77 | 5 | -1 | 0 | 5.3 | -58.04 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3323G>T | S1108I 2D  AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S1108I is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33443875‑G‑T). Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from REVEL, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized; pathogenic predictions come from PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and FATHMM. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, while the SGM Consensus—derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN—yields a tie and is therefore inconclusive. Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability calculations, has no reported result for this variant. Overall, the balance of evidence (five benign versus four pathogenic predictions) suggests the variant is most likely benign, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33443875-G-T | -3.666 | Likely Benign | 0.292 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.145 | Likely Benign | -3.73 | Deleterious | 0.971 | Probably Damaging | 0.604 | Possibly Damaging | 2.44 | Pathogenic | 0.10 | Tolerated | 3.77 | 5 | -2 | -1 | 5.3 | 26.08 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.860A>C | D287A 2D  3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant D287A is listed in ClinVar with an Uncertain significance status and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions include REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, and premPS, whereas pathogenic predictions are made by PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as pathogenic, SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as Likely Pathogenic, and Foldetta (integrating FoldX‑MD and Rosetta) as benign. The overall tally favors pathogenicity (8 tools vs 5 benign), but the conflicting high‑accuracy results leave uncertainty. Thus, the variant is most likely pathogenic according to the majority of predictions, which does not contradict its ClinVar Uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | C2 | Uncertain | 1 | -14.686 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.996 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.484 | Likely Benign | 0.30 | Likely Benign | 0.1 | -0.04 | Likely Benign | 0.13 | Likely Benign | 0.40 | Likely Benign | -7.35 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.998 | Probably Damaging | 1.58 | Pathogenic | 0.01 | Affected | 3.38 | 23 | -2 | 0 | 5.3 | -44.01 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| c.113C>T | P38L 2D  AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P38L is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (gnomAD ID 6‑33423522‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (which is “Likely Benign”). In contrast, tools that predict a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), and SIFT. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as likely benign; the Foldetta stability analysis is unavailable. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Conflicting | 4 | 6-33423522-C-T | 8 | 4.96e-6 | -2.469 | Likely Benign | 0.197 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.141 | Likely Benign | -2.56 | Deleterious | 0.983 | Probably Damaging | 0.931 | Probably Damaging | 4.02 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 1 | -3 | -3 | 5.4 | 16.04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.1193C>T | P398L 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant P398L (ClinVar ID 2415189.0) is listed as Uncertain in ClinVar and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33438098‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include Foldetta, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, and SIFT. Predictions that are uncertain or inconclusive are FoldX, Rosetta, premPS, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, Foldetta as benign, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is inconclusive. Based on the available predictions, the variant is most likely benign, and this assessment does not contradict the ClinVar status of Uncertain. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | C2 | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33438098-C-T | 8 | 4.96e-6 | -7.518 | In-Between | 0.547 | Ambiguous | Likely Benign | 0.599 | Likely Pathogenic | 1.48 | Ambiguous | 0.2 | -0.54 | Ambiguous | 0.47 | Likely Benign | 0.62 | Ambiguous | -7.10 | Deleterious | 0.961 | Probably Damaging | 0.256 | Benign | 5.72 | Benign | 0.01 | Affected | 3.40 | 16 | -3 | -3 | 5.4 | 16.04 | 245.8 | -68.6 | -0.1 | 0.0 | -0.3 | 0.2 | X | Potentially Pathogenic | Pro398 is located in the Gly-rich Ω loop (res. Pro364-Pro398) between two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Thr359-Pro364 and res. Ala399-Ile411). The Ω loop is assumed to directly interact with the membrane, and it is observed to move arbitrarily throughout the WT solvent simulations. Although the residue swap does not influence the nearby secondary structure elements, proline is often found at the ends of β sheets due to its disfavored status during folding.Additionally, the Ω loop potentially plays a crucial role in the SynGAP-membrane complex association, stability, and dynamics. However, this aspect cannot be fully addressed through solvent simulations alone. Ω loops are known to play significant roles in protein functions that require flexibility, and thus hydrophobic residues like leucine are rarely tolerated. Although no negative structural effects are visualized in the variant’s simulations, Leu398 may exert drastic effects on the SynGAP-membrane complex dynamics and stability. Since the effects on the Gly-rich Ω loop dynamics can only be well studied through the SynGAP-membrane complex, no definite conclusions can be drawn. | |||||||||
| c.1685C>T | P562L 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P562L is listed in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 41462.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33440737‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools largely agree on a deleterious effect: pathogenic predictions come from SGM‑Consensus, REVEL, FoldX, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Benign predictions are reported only by premPS and Rosetta. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as Pathogenic, SGM‑Consensus as Likely Pathogenic, and Foldetta as Uncertain. No other high‑confidence stability or pathogenicity scores are available. Overall, the majority of evidence supports a pathogenic classification, which is consistent with the ClinVar status and does not contradict it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | GAP | Pathogenic/Likely path. | 10 | 6-33440737-C-T | -13.438 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.996 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.829 | Likely Pathogenic | 3.54 | Destabilizing | 0.8 | 0.17 | Likely Benign | 1.86 | Ambiguous | -0.14 | Likely Benign | -9.95 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.58 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 3.37 | 35 | -3 | -3 | 5.4 | 16.04 | 228.8 | -68.5 | -0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | X | Potentially Pathogenic | Pro562 is located on an α-α loop between two α-helices (res. Ala533-Val560 and res. Arg563-Glu578). The cyclic pyrrolidine side chain of Pro562 hydrophobically packs with other residues in the inter-helix space, such as Leu565, Ile501, and Phe561. In the variant simulations, Leu562 packs more favorably with the nearby hydrophobic residues, and the backbone amide group of Leu562 (absent in proline) does not form any intra-protein hydrogen bonds. However, prolines are well-suited for unstructured regions like loops, and thus, Pro562 in the WT is necessary at the end of the helix to induce a tight turn during folding. Although no negative structural effects are observed during the simulations, the residue swap could potentially cause extensive damage to the protein structure during folding. | 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.11.011 | |||||||||
| c.2381C>T | P794L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P794L is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 859213.0) and is present in the gnomAD database (gnomAD ID 6‑33442933‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv and SIFT. The SGM‑Consensus, which is a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, also reports a likely benign outcome. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, SGM‑Consensus as benign, while Foldetta (a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) has no available result for this variant. Overall, the consensus of available predictions indicates that P794L is most likely benign, and this conclusion is consistent with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | SH3-binding motif | Benign/Likely benign | 2 | 6-33442933-C-T | 73 | 4.52e-5 | -3.808 | Likely Benign | 0.079 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.075 | Likely Benign | -0.80 | Neutral | 0.761 | Possibly Damaging | 0.321 | Benign | 4.24 | Benign | 0.03 | Affected | 4.07 | 3 | -3 | -3 | 5.4 | 16.04 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2393C>T | P798L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P798L is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33442945‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus score (Likely Benign). In contrast, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar) and SIFT all predict a pathogenic impact. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as Benign and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as Likely Benign; a Foldetta stability prediction is not available. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign effect, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | SH3-binding motif | Uncertain | 2 | 6-33442945-C-T | 6 | 3.72e-6 | -5.640 | Likely Benign | 0.074 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.042 | Likely Benign | -0.86 | Neutral | 0.981 | Probably Damaging | 0.631 | Possibly Damaging | 4.21 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 1 | -3 | -3 | 5.4 | 16.04 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.266C>T | P89L 2D AISynGAP1 missense variant P89L is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools show a split: benign calls come from REVEL, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, and FATHMM, while pathogenic calls are made by PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, SIFT, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. High‑accuracy assessments indicate that AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts pathogenicity, whereas the SGM Consensus (derived from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) is inconclusive due to a 2‑to‑2 split, and Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the majority of tools favor a pathogenic effect, but the evidence is not unanimous. Therefore, the variant is most likely pathogenic according to the current predictions, and this assessment does not contradict its ClinVar status of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Uncertain | 2 | -6.775 | Likely Benign | 0.982 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.119 | Likely Benign | -3.29 | Deleterious | 0.889 | Possibly Damaging | 0.058 | Benign | 3.73 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 1 | -3 | -3 | 5.4 | 16.04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2822C>T | P941L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P941L is listed in ClinVar (ID 3451960.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN). The only tool that predicts a pathogenic outcome is SIFT. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign classification: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign, and the SGM‑Consensus also indicates “Likely Benign.” No Foldetta (FoldX‑MD/Rosetta) stability result is available, so it does not influence the assessment. Overall, the majority of predictions, including the high‑accuracy tools, point to a benign effect, which is consistent with the ClinVar “Uncertain” designation rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 2 | -5.692 | Likely Benign | 0.066 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.054 | Likely Benign | -0.44 | Neutral | 0.144 | Benign | 0.039 | Benign | 2.76 | Benign | 0.01 | Affected | -3 | -3 | 5.4 | 16.04 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2825C>T | P942L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P942L is listed in ClinVar (ID 2851884.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33443377‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are SIFT and FATHMM. The SGM‑Consensus, which aggregates AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports a “Likely Benign” classification. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as likely benign; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, and this is consistent with the ClinVar “Uncertain” designation rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33443377-C-T | 4 | 2.48e-6 | -5.063 | Likely Benign | 0.086 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.048 | Likely Benign | -2.00 | Neutral | 0.411 | Benign | 0.239 | Benign | 2.37 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 4 | -3 | -3 | 5.4 | 16.04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3194C>T | P1065L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P1065L is listed in ClinVar as Benign and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33443746‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from REVEL, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized; pathogenic predictions arise from PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, SIFT, and FATHMM. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, while the SGM Consensus—derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN—yields a tie and is therefore inconclusive. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method that integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no reported result for this variant. Overall, the balance of evidence (5 benign vs. 4 pathogenic predictions) and the high‑accuracy benign call support a benign classification, aligning with the ClinVar status and indicating no contradiction. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | 1 | 6-33443746-C-T | 14 | 8.71e-6 | -5.085 | Likely Benign | 0.089 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.068 | Likely Benign | -2.94 | Deleterious | 0.950 | Possibly Damaging | 0.419 | Benign | 2.01 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 2 | -3 | -3 | 5.4 | 16.04 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3197C>T | P1066L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P1066L is listed in ClinVar as a benign variant (ClinVar ID 951518.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33443749‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN). Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and SIFT. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as likely benign; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, which is consistent with the ClinVar classification and does not contradict the reported status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 1 | 6-33443749-C-T | 14 | 8.71e-6 | -5.478 | Likely Benign | 0.092 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.173 | Likely Benign | -3.68 | Deleterious | 0.996 | Probably Damaging | 0.903 | Possibly Damaging | 2.72 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 2 | -3 | -3 | 5.4 | 16.04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3290C>T | P1097L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P1097L is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 2060978.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN). Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv and SIFT. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as benign; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the majority of evidence supports a benign impact, and this conclusion is consistent with the ClinVar designation. Thus, the variant is most likely benign and does not contradict ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Benign | 1 | -4.410 | Likely Benign | 0.145 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.131 | Likely Benign | -2.07 | Neutral | 0.611 | Possibly Damaging | 0.198 | Benign | 2.64 | Benign | 0.05 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -3 | -3 | 5.4 | 16.04 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3848C>T | P1283L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P1283L is listed in ClinVar (ID 536994.0) as Benign and is present in gnomAD (gnomAD ID 6‑33447896‑C‑T). All evaluated in‑silico predictors classify the substitution as benign: REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. No tool reports a pathogenic prediction. High‑accuracy assessments corroborate this: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts Benign, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) indicates Likely Benign. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, did not provide a result for this variant. Overall, the computational evidence overwhelmingly supports a benign effect, aligning with the ClinVar benign classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Benign | 1 | 6-33447896-C-T | 32 | 2.06e-5 | -3.740 | Likely Benign | 0.093 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.047 | Likely Benign | -1.04 | Neutral | 0.005 | Benign | 0.003 | Benign | 2.76 | Benign | 0.06 | Tolerated | 3.77 | 5 | -3 | -3 | 5.4 | 16.04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3860C>T | P1287L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P1287L is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33447908‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Only SIFT predicts a pathogenic outcome. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, also indicates a likely benign effect. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as benign; Foldetta results are not available. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Conflicting | 2 | 6-33447908-C-T | -2.800 | Likely Benign | 0.117 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.061 | Likely Benign | -1.66 | Neutral | 0.021 | Benign | 0.017 | Benign | 2.76 | Benign | 0.02 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -3 | -3 | 5.4 | 16.04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3920C>T | P1307L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P1307L is listed in ClinVar (ID 1991214.0) as benign and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33451794‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv and SIFT. The high‑accuracy consensus from SGM (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) is “Likely Benign,” and AlphaMissense‑Optimized also predicts benign. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the majority of predictions, including the high‑accuracy consensus, indicate a benign impact. This conclusion aligns with the ClinVar benign classification and does not contradict the reported clinical status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Benign | 1 | 6-33451794-C-T | 11 | 6.82e-6 | -4.044 | Likely Benign | 0.144 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.292 | Likely Benign | -1.49 | Neutral | 0.779 | Possibly Damaging | 0.220 | Benign | 2.82 | Benign | 0.04 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -3 | -3 | 5.4 | 16.04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3941C>T | P1314L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P1314L is listed in ClinVar as a benign alteration (ClinVar ID 646689.0) and is present in the gnomAD database (gnomAD ID 6‑33451815‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN). Only SIFT predicts a pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as likely benign; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, which is consistent with the ClinVar classification. Thus, the variant is most likely benign and does not contradict the ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 1 | 6-33451815-C-T | 2 | 1.24e-6 | -4.040 | Likely Benign | 0.118 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.049 | Likely Benign | -0.20 | Neutral | 0.421 | Benign | 0.066 | Benign | 4.19 | Benign | 0.05 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -3 | -3 | 5.4 | 16.04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3974C>T | P1325L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P1325L is listed in ClinVar (ID 1720534.0) with an uncertain significance designation and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33451848‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Only SIFT predicts a pathogenic outcome. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports a likely benign classification. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign interpretation: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign, and the SGM‑Consensus is likely benign; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a benign effect for P1325L, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33451848-C-T | -5.256 | Likely Benign | 0.085 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.146 | Likely Benign | -1.05 | Neutral | 0.000 | Benign | 0.000 | Benign | 4.05 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 1 | -3 | -3 | 5.4 | 16.04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3977C>T | P1326L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P1326L is listed in ClinVar (ID 1004879.0) with an “Uncertain” clinical significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. In contrast, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar) and SIFT predict a pathogenic impact. The high‑accuracy consensus from SGM (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) classifies the variant as “Likely Benign,” and AlphaMissense‑Optimized also predicts benign. No Foldetta (FoldX‑MD/ Rosetta) stability result is available for this variant. Overall, the majority of evidence—including the high‑confidence SGM consensus and AlphaMissense‑Optimized prediction—supports a benign classification, which does not contradict the current ClinVar status of uncertainty. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | -5.541 | Likely Benign | 0.115 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.117 | Likely Benign | -1.06 | Neutral | 0.999 | Probably Damaging | 0.994 | Probably Damaging | 3.62 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -3 | -3 | 5.4 | 16.04 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3980C>T | P1327L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P1327L is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33451854‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv and polyPhen‑2 HumVar. The high‑accuracy AlphaMissense‑Optimized score is benign, and the SGM Consensus—derived from the majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN—also indicates a benign outcome. Foldetta results are not available for this variant. Overall, the majority of computational evidence supports a benign classification, which is consistent with the ClinVar uncertain status rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33451854-C-T | 2 | 1.28e-6 | -5.264 | Likely Benign | 0.242 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.142 | Likely Benign | -1.24 | Neutral | 0.994 | Probably Damaging | 0.908 | Possibly Damaging | 4.12 | Benign | 0.10 | Tolerated | 3.77 | 5 | -3 | -3 | 5.4 | 16.04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.59C>T | P20L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P20L (ClinVar ID 1185912.0) is listed as “Uncertain” in ClinVar and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN). Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and SIFT; AlphaMissense‑Default remains uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM‑Consensus as likely benign, and Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar status, which remains uncertain. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 3 | -3.289 | Likely Benign | 0.464 | Ambiguous | Likely Benign | 0.100 | Likely Benign | -0.44 | Neutral | 0.909 | Possibly Damaging | 0.713 | Possibly Damaging | 4.27 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 1 | -3 | -3 | 5.4 | 16.04 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.953C>T | P318L 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant P318L is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 956570.0) and is present in gnomAD (6‑33437858‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect are Rosetta and premPS. The remaining tools—REVEL, SGM‑Consensus, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized—consistently predict a pathogenic impact. High‑accuracy assessments further support this view: AlphaMissense‑Optimized reports pathogenic, and the SGM‑Consensus (a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) indicates a likely pathogenic outcome. Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability outputs, is inconclusive. Taken together, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect for P318L, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | C2 | Uncertain | 3 | 6-33437858-C-T | 3 | 1.86e-6 | -10.090 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.958 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.624 | Likely Pathogenic | 1.33 | Ambiguous | 0.1 | 0.26 | Likely Benign | 0.80 | Ambiguous | 0.43 | Likely Benign | -8.96 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.999 | Probably Damaging | 1.82 | Pathogenic | 0.03 | Affected | 3.38 | 23 | -3 | -3 | 5.4 | 16.04 | 228.6 | -68.9 | -0.7 | 0.7 | -0.4 | 0.1 | X | Potentially Benign | The cyclic five-membered pyrrolidine ring of Pro318, located in a β hairpin loop linking two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Asp330-Ala322, res. Thr305-Asn315), packs against the hydrophobic side chain of Ile205 at the end of the anti-parallel β sheet in the PH domain. In the variant simulations, the iso-butyl side chain of Leu318 is unable to do the same, potentially weakening the PH and C2 domain association. Importantly, the residue swap could also affect loop formation during folding, as proline can make tighter turns than leucine. Because the residue swap could affect the C2 domain stability, it could also negatively impact the SynGAP-membrane association. | ||||||||
| c.1003C>T | R335C 2D  3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R335C is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 2835865.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33437908‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from REVEL and premPS, whereas pathogenic predictions are made by PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Default. Predictions that are inconclusive are AlphaMissense‑Optimized, FoldX, Rosetta, and Foldetta. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as uncertain, the SGM Consensus (derived from the unanimous pathogenic vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) as pathogenic, and Foldetta as uncertain. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a pathogenic effect. This conclusion aligns with the ClinVar designation of uncertain significance, which does not contradict the prediction that the variant is most likely pathogenic. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | C2 | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33437908-C-T | 1 | 6.20e-7 | -14.354 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.938 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.277 | Likely Benign | 0.53 | Ambiguous | 0.1 | 0.85 | Ambiguous | 0.69 | Ambiguous | 0.46 | Likely Benign | -5.69 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.998 | Probably Damaging | 1.67 | Pathogenic | 0.01 | Affected | 3.38 | 22 | -3 | -4 | 7.0 | -53.05 | |||||||||||||||||
| c.1066C>T | R356C 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R356C is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 469145.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33437971‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions from REVEL and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and pathogenic predictions from PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM‑Consensus score. Uncertain results are reported by FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, and premPS. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as pathogenic, and Foldetta as inconclusive. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, contradicting the ClinVar benign classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | C2 | Likely Benign | 1 | 6-33437971-C-T | 5 | 3.10e-6 | -11.827 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.774 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.312 | Likely Benign | 0.76 | Ambiguous | 0.0 | 1.19 | Ambiguous | 0.98 | Ambiguous | 0.84 | Ambiguous | -7.12 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.990 | Probably Damaging | 1.67 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 3.39 | 22 | -4 | -3 | 7.0 | -53.05 | 212.3 | 91.0 | -0.1 | 0.3 | -0.3 | 0.1 | X | Potentially Pathogenic | Arg356 is located in a loop that includes a short helical section and connects two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Gly341-Pro349, res. Thr359-Pro364). In the WT simulations, the guanidinium group of Arg356 alternately forms salt bridges with the carboxylate groups of the GAP domain residues, Glu446 and Glu698. Arg356 also forms hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl group of the GAP domain residue Thr691 and interacts with Met409 at the C2-GAP interface.In the variant simulations, the Cys356 mutation fails to maintain any of the Arg356 interactions and only occasionally forms weak hydrogen bonds with nearby C2 domain residues (e.g., Gln407). Although no negative structural effects are observed during the simulations, Arg356 is located at the C2 and GAP domain interface, making the residue swap potentially detrimental to the tertiary structure assembly. | ||||||||
| c.1213C>T | R405C 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R405C is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 1185858.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33438118‑C‑T). Prediction tools that indicate a benign effect include REVEL, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Those that predict a pathogenic effect comprise premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The SGM Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports a likely pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, SGM Consensus as pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) as uncertain. FoldX and Rosetta individually return uncertain results. Overall, the balance of evidence favors a pathogenic interpretation, which does not conflict with the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | C2 | Conflicting | 2 | 6-33438118-C-T | 6 | 3.72e-6 | -9.206 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.713 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.427 | Likely Benign | 0.72 | Ambiguous | 0.1 | 1.51 | Ambiguous | 1.12 | Ambiguous | 1.21 | Destabilizing | -7.27 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 3.61 | Benign | 0.02 | Affected | 3.38 | 28 | -4 | -3 | 7.0 | -53.05 | 221.3 | 82.6 | -0.1 | 0.0 | -0.2 | 0.3 | X | X | Potentially Pathogenic | The guanidinium group of Arg405, located in an anti-parallel β sheet strand of the C2 domain (res. Ala399-Ile411), forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate group of the Glu446 side chain from an opposing α helix (res. Val441-Ser457) in the GAP domain. The positively charged Arg405 side chain also stacks with the aromatic ring of the Phe358 side chain from a loop preceding the β strand (res. Thr359-Thr366), which could assist in maintaining the anti-parallel strand arrangement.In the variant simulations, the thiol-containing side chain of Cys405 is neutral and smaller compared to the arginine side chain. The lack of Arg405-Phe358 stacking affects the loop structure, causing it to assume a β strand form—an effect that could be exacerbated during protein folding. Moreover, the inability of Cys405 to form a salt bridge with Glu446 could affect the tertiary structure assembly, although this is not apparent based on the variant simulations. | |||||||
| c.121C>T | R41C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R41C is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33423530‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN). Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar) and SIFT. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM‑Consensus as benign, and no result is available from Foldetta (protein‑folding stability). Taken together, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact for R41C, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Conflicting | 3 | 6-33423530-C-T | 7 | 4.34e-6 | -4.745 | Likely Benign | 0.207 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.093 | Likely Benign | -1.10 | Neutral | 0.976 | Probably Damaging | 0.919 | Probably Damaging | 4.13 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 1 | -4 | -3 | 7.0 | -53.05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.1453C>T | R485C 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R485C (gnomAD ID 6‑33438485‑C‑T) is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance. Functional prediction tools largely disagree: benign calls come from Rosetta and premPS, whereas pathogenic calls are made by REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM Consensus (which aggregates AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN). High‑accuracy assessments further support a deleterious effect: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts pathogenic, the SGM Consensus is labeled likely pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) remains uncertain. With the majority of evidence pointing to pathogenicity and no contradictory data from ClinVar, the variant is most likely pathogenic, although ClinVar has not yet reached a definitive classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | GAP | Uncertain | 2 | 6-33438485-C-T | 9 | 5.58e-6 | -14.294 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.976 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.597 | Likely Pathogenic | 1.00 | Ambiguous | 0.1 | 0.26 | Likely Benign | 0.63 | Ambiguous | 0.44 | Likely Benign | -7.96 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 1.90 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 3.37 | 35 | -4 | -3 | 7.0 | -53.05 | 225.5 | 99.6 | -0.1 | 0.0 | -0.3 | 0.2 | X | Uncertain | The guanidinium group of Arg485 is located in a short helical structure (res. Glu480-Leu482) within an α-α loop connecting the two α-helices (res. Ala461-Phe476 and Leu489-Glu519) at the GAP-Ras interface. The side chain of Arg485 acts as the “arginine finger” of SynGAP, playing a crucial role in Ras-GTPase activation. Consequently, the residue swap inhibits the conversion of GTP to GDP at the enzyme’s active site. Although no negative effects on the protein structure are observed during the simulations, no definite conclusions can be drawn due to the critical role of Arg485 in GTPase activation. | ||||||||
| c.1723C>T | R575C 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R575C is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status (ClinVar ID 537013.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33440775‑C‑T). Prediction tools that indicate a benign effect include only AlphaMissense‑Optimized. All other evaluated algorithms predict a pathogenic impact: REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN). Four tools (FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS) returned uncertain results and are treated as unavailable evidence. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, SGM‑Consensus as likely pathogenic, and Foldetta as uncertain. Overall, the majority of predictions support a pathogenic effect. Thus, the variant is most likely pathogenic, which is consistent with the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | GAP | Conflicting | 3 | 6-33440775-C-T | 23 | 1.43e-5 | -11.179 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.630 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.715 | Likely Pathogenic | 1.39 | Ambiguous | 0.2 | 0.50 | Ambiguous | 0.95 | Ambiguous | 0.73 | Ambiguous | -5.43 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | -1.30 | Pathogenic | 0.02 | Affected | 3.37 | 35 | -4 | -3 | 7.0 | -53.05 | 227.7 | 99.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | X | Potentially Pathogenic | The guanidinium group of Arg575, located in an α-helix (res. Arg563-Glu578), forms salt bridges with the carboxylate groups of Asp463 and Asp467, and it also hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl group of Ser466 on an opposing α-helix (res. Ala461-Phe476) in the WT simulations. In the variant simulations, the thiol group of the Cys575 side chain, which is neither positively charged nor particularly hydrophilic, packs against the hydrophobic Met470 on an opposing α-helix (res. Ala461-Arg475). Additionally, although the thiol group is not an effective hydrogen bonder, the Cys575 side chain rotates to hydrogen bond with the backbone carbonyl group of Ser571 in the same α-helix, which could theoretically lower the helix integrity. Overall, the residue swap has the potential to substantially affect the tertiary structure assembly during the protein folding process. | ||||||||
| c.1786C>T | R596C 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R596C is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33440838‑C‑T). Prediction tools that indicate a benign effect include only premPS. All other evaluated algorithms—REVEL, FoldX, Foldetta, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus—classify the variant as pathogenic or likely pathogenic, while Rosetta remains inconclusive. High‑accuracy assessments further support a deleterious impact: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts pathogenic; the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) indicates likely pathogenic; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, also predicts pathogenic. **Thus, the variant is most likely pathogenic based on the collective predictions, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status.** Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | GAP | Conflicting | 2 | 6-33440838-C-T | 6 | 3.72e-6 | -10.805 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.972 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.633 | Likely Pathogenic | 2.94 | Destabilizing | 0.0 | 1.49 | Ambiguous | 2.22 | Destabilizing | -0.03 | Likely Benign | -7.96 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 2.41 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 3.37 | 35 | -4 | -3 | 7.0 | -53.05 | 230.7 | 97.9 | -0.1 | 0.0 | -0.3 | 0.4 | X | X | Potentially Pathogenic | The guanidinium group of Arg596, located in an α helix (res. Glu582-Met603), forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate group of Glu495 from another α helix (res. Leu489-Glu519). In the WT simulations, the side chain of Arg596 hydrogen bonds with the backbone carbonyl groups of Asn487, Glu486, Arg485, and Phe484. Additionally, Arg596 can hydrogen bond with the carboxamide group of the Asn487 side chain on an opposing loop that links two α helices (res. Ala461-Arg475, res. Leu489-Glu519).In the variant simulations, the thiol group of the Cys596 side chain is unable to form salt bridges or any of the hydrogen bonds that the Arg596 side chain can. Thus, the residue swap could affect the tertiary structure assembly more profoundly than observed in the simulations. Notably, Arg596 plays a key role in positioning the aforementioned loop, which is crucial for the placement of the “arginine finger” or the Arg485 side chain during RasGTPase activation. | |||||||
| c.2206C>T | R736C 2D AISynGAP1 missense variant R736C is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33441671‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions from REVEL, PROVEAN, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized; pathogenic predictions from polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and FATHMM, while ESM1b remains uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments reinforce the benign trend: AlphaMissense‑Optimized scores benign, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) also returns benign. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the majority of computational evidence indicates a benign effect, which does not conflict with the ClinVar uncertain designation. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Conflicting | 3 | 6-33441671-C-T | 8 | 4.96e-6 | -7.113 | In-Between | 0.120 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.190 | Likely Benign | -2.06 | Neutral | 0.999 | Probably Damaging | 0.825 | Possibly Damaging | 2.48 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 4.07 | 3 | -4 | -3 | 7.0 | -53.05 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2353C>T | R785C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 R785C missense variant is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33442905‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Those that predict a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, SIFT, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Default. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, while the SGM Consensus—derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN—indicates a likely pathogenic outcome. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the majority of computational evidence points toward a pathogenic impact, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | SH3-binding motif | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33442905-C-T | 29 | 1.80e-5 | -5.887 | Likely Benign | 0.662 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.126 | Likely Benign | -5.06 | Deleterious | 0.144 | Benign | 0.046 | Benign | 2.22 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 3.64 | 6 | -4 | -3 | 7.0 | -53.05 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2443C>T | R815C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R815C is listed in ClinVar (ID 660618.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33442995‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL and FATHMM, whereas the majority of tools (PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default) predict a pathogenic impact. The high‑accuracy AlphaMissense‑Optimized result is “Uncertain.” The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is “Likely Pathogenic.” Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the preponderance of predictions indicates a pathogenic effect, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification but suggests that the variant is more likely pathogenic rather than benign. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | SH3-binding motif | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33442995-C-T | 5 | 3.10e-6 | -9.373 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.828 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.174 | Likely Benign | -3.89 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.998 | Probably Damaging | 2.59 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 4 | -4 | -3 | 7.0 | -53.05 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2560C>T | R854C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R854C is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (gnomAD ID 6‑33443112‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized; those that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and SIFT. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports a “Likely Benign” classification. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus also as benign; Foldetta results are not available. Overall, the majority of computational evidence points to a benign impact, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” designation. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33443112-C-T | 3 | 1.86e-6 | -5.082 | Likely Benign | 0.170 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.174 | Likely Benign | -2.48 | Neutral | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.947 | Probably Damaging | 4.05 | Benign | 0.01 | Affected | 3.88 | 3 | -3 | -4 | 7.0 | -53.05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2668C>T | R890C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R890C is listed in ClinVar as benign and is present in gnomAD (6-33443220-C‑T). Functional prediction tools show mixed results: benign predictions come from REVEL, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN). Pathogenic predictions are reported by PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and SIFT, while AlphaMissense‑Default remains uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign outcome: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign, and the SGM Consensus also indicates benign; Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the balance of evidence leans toward a benign effect, which is consistent with the ClinVar classification and does not contradict the reported status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Benign | 1 | 6-33443220-C-T | 9 | 5.58e-6 | -5.786 | Likely Benign | 0.402 | Ambiguous | Likely Benign | 0.200 | Likely Benign | -3.38 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.971 | Probably Damaging | 3.94 | Benign | 0.04 | Affected | 4.32 | 4 | -4 | -3 | 7.0 | -53.05 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2713C>T | R905C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R905C (ClinVar ID 469152.0) is listed as Uncertain in ClinVar and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33443265‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, ESM1b, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Those that predict a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The SGM Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is inconclusive (2 benign vs. 2 pathogenic). Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the majority of standard predictors indicate a pathogenic impact, whereas the high‑accuracy AlphaMissense‑Optimized tool suggests a benign effect. Consequently, the variant is most likely pathogenic based on the prevailing predictions, and this assessment does not contradict the ClinVar status of Uncertain. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Conflicting | 2 | 6-33443265-C-T | 15 | 9.31e-6 | -5.578 | Likely Benign | 0.723 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.194 | Likely Benign | -3.14 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.980 | Probably Damaging | 2.57 | Benign | 0.01 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -4 | -3 | 7.0 | -53.05 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3055C>T | R1019C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R1019C is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status (ClinVar ID 1676922.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33443607‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, whereas a majority of tools (PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default) predict a pathogenic impact; ESM1b remains uncertain. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports the variant as “Likely Pathogenic.” High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, while the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote) remains pathogenic; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | Conflicting | 2 | 6-33443607-C-T | 10 | 6.19e-6 | -7.386 | In-Between | 0.646 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.168 | Likely Benign | -4.00 | Deleterious | 0.999 | Probably Damaging | 0.880 | Possibly Damaging | 2.36 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -4 | -3 | 7.0 | -53.05 | 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.11.011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3307C>T | R1103C 2D AISynGAP1 missense variant R1103C is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33443859‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and FATHMM. The SGM Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is inconclusive (two benign, two pathogenic). AlphaMissense‑Optimized reports a benign outcome, while Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the balance of evidence favors a pathogenic interpretation, which is in contrast to the ClinVar designation of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33443859-C-T | 6 | 3.92e-6 | -2.440 | Likely Benign | 0.246 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.140 | Likely Benign | -3.01 | Deleterious | 0.996 | Probably Damaging | 0.787 | Possibly Damaging | 2.41 | Pathogenic | 0.01 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -3 | -4 | 7.0 | -53.05 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3820C>T | R1274C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R1274C is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” significance and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33447868‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on benign impact include REVEL, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, while those that predict pathogenicity are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, FATHMM, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN). AlphaMissense‑Default remains uncertain, and Foldetta results are unavailable. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM Consensus as pathogenic, and no Foldetta data to weigh in. Overall, the majority of evaluated tools (seven pathogenic vs. three benign) suggest a pathogenic effect. This consensus does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” status, which remains inconclusive. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33447868-C-T | -6.467 | Likely Benign | 0.439 | Ambiguous | Likely Benign | 0.170 | Likely Benign | -5.22 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.996 | Probably Damaging | 2.46 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -4 | -3 | 7.0 | -53.05 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3922C>T | R1308C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R1308C is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” significance and is present in the gnomAD database (ID 6‑33451796‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Those that predict a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and FATHMM; AlphaMissense‑Default remains uncertain. The high‑accuracy consensus (SGM Consensus) derived from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN yields a pathogenic verdict. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a pathogenic impact, and this assessment does not contradict the current ClinVar “Uncertain” status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Conflicting | 2 | 6-33451796-C-T | 4 | 2.48e-6 | -4.994 | Likely Benign | 0.421 | Ambiguous | Likely Benign | 0.352 | Likely Benign | -4.89 | Deleterious | 0.999 | Probably Damaging | 0.993 | Probably Damaging | 2.31 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -4 | -3 | 7.0 | -53.05 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.484C>T | R162C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R162C is listed in ClinVar as Pathogenic and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, and FATHMM, whereas tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The high‑accuracy AlphaMissense‑Optimized score is uncertain, the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) is inconclusive, and Foldetta stability analysis is unavailable. Overall, the available predictions are split evenly between benign and pathogenic, with no single method providing decisive evidence. Thus, the variant’s pathogenicity remains uncertain based on computational predictions, which contradicts the ClinVar pathogenic classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Pathogenic | 2 | -8.157 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.787 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.150 | Likely Benign | -2.05 | Neutral | 0.988 | Probably Damaging | 0.513 | Possibly Damaging | 4.00 | Benign | 0.11 | Tolerated | 3.74 | 4 | -4 | -3 | 7.0 | -53.05 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.772C>T | R258C 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 R258C missense variant is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33437677‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include only FATHMM. All other evaluated predictors—REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN)—indicate a pathogenic or likely pathogenic impact. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as uncertain, the SGM‑Consensus as likely pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) as uncertain. Based on the preponderance of pathogenic predictions, the variant is most likely pathogenic, which does not contradict its current ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | C2 | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33437677-C-T | 1 | 6.20e-7 | -10.285 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.790 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.771 | Likely Pathogenic | 1.17 | Ambiguous | 0.4 | 1.76 | Ambiguous | 1.47 | Ambiguous | 0.87 | Ambiguous | -6.79 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.993 | Probably Damaging | 5.77 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 3.39 | 15 | -3 | -4 | 7.0 | -53.05 | |||||||||||||||||
| c.877C>T | R293C 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R293C is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 2500611.0) and is present in gnomAD (6‑33437782‑C‑T). Prediction tools that classify the variant as benign include premPS, whereas the remaining tools—REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized—predict it to be pathogenic. High‑accuracy assessments further support a deleterious effect: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is pathogenic, and the SGM Consensus (a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) is also pathogenic. Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, yields an uncertain result. Consequently, the overwhelming majority of computational evidence indicates a pathogenic impact for R293C. This prediction aligns with the ClinVar designation of uncertain significance, not contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | C2 | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33437782-C-T | 3 | 1.86e-6 | -12.844 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.985 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.579 | Likely Pathogenic | 1.38 | Ambiguous | 0.1 | 0.62 | Ambiguous | 1.00 | Ambiguous | 0.02 | Likely Benign | -7.35 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.998 | Probably Damaging | 1.46 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 3.38 | 23 | -4 | -3 | 7.0 | -53.05 | 226.0 | 96.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | X | X | X | Potentially Pathogenic | The guanidinium group of the Arg293 side chain, located in an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Met289-Pro298), packs against the phenol ring of the Tyr281 side chain or forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate group of Glu283 on the outer side of the C2 domain. The positively charged guanidinium side chain of arginine is on the outside surface of the hydrophobic C2 domain, resulting in a twist in the β strand. Although this twist is maintained in the variant simulations, replacing the positively charged residue with a more hydrophobic one, such as cysteine, could remove the twist during protein folding.Because Arg293 is positioned at the C2 and PH domain interface, the residue swap could significantly impact the tertiary structure assembly. Notably, Arg293 is located at the SynGAP-Ras interface, and its role in complex formation cannot be fully understood through solvent-only simulations. | ||||||
| c.895C>T | R299C 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R299C is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 1335623.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33437800‑C‑T). Prediction tools that classify the variant as benign include REVEL, SIFT, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Those that predict pathogenicity are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports the variant as likely pathogenic. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, SGM‑Consensus as pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) as uncertain. Other stability predictors (FoldX, Rosetta, premPS) are also uncertain. Overall, the balance of evidence favors a pathogenic interpretation, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status but suggests a higher likelihood of disease relevance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | C2 | Conflicting | 2 | 6-33437800-C-T | 3 | 1.86e-6 | -6.326 | Likely Benign | 0.572 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.344 | Likely Benign | 1.85 | Ambiguous | 0.4 | 0.61 | Ambiguous | 1.23 | Ambiguous | 0.76 | Ambiguous | -3.54 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.998 | Probably Damaging | 1.65 | Pathogenic | 0.06 | Tolerated | 3.39 | 19 | -4 | -3 | 7.0 | -53.05 | 210.7 | 91.3 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | X | X | Potentially Pathogenic | The guanidinium group of Arg299, located in a β hairpin loop linking two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Met289-Pro298, res. Thr305-Asn315), forms hydrogen bonds that stabilize the tight turn. In the WT simulations, the Arg299 side chain hydrogen bonds with the loop backbone carbonyl groups (e.g., Ser302, Thr305, Leu274, Gly303), the hydroxyl group of Ser300, and even forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate group of Asp304.In the variant simulations, the thiol group of the Cys299 side chain is unable to form any of these well-coordinated or strong interactions, which could affect the initial formation of the secondary hairpin loop during folding. β hairpins are potential nucleation sites during the initial stages of protein folding, so even minor changes in them could be significant. Moreover, the positively charged Arg299 side chain faces the polar head group region of the inner leaflet membrane and could directly anchor the C2 domain to the membrane. In short, the residue swap could negatively affect both protein folding and the stability of the SynGAP-membrane association. | |||||||
| c.961C>T | R321C 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R321C is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33437866‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, premPS, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Those that agree on a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, and FATHMM. Five tools (SGM‑Consensus, FoldX, Rosetta, AlphaMissense‑Default, and Foldetta) report uncertain or inconclusive results. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) as pathogenic, and Foldetta as uncertain. Overall, the majority of predictions (six out of eleven) support a pathogenic impact, while three support benign and five are inconclusive. Thus, the variant is most likely pathogenic based on current computational evidence, and this does not contradict its ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | C2 | Conflicting | 2 | 6-33437866-C-T | 9 | 5.58e-6 | -10.025 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.387 | Ambiguous | Likely Benign | 0.495 | Likely Benign | 0.57 | Ambiguous | 0.1 | 0.56 | Ambiguous | 0.57 | Ambiguous | 0.18 | Likely Benign | -4.59 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.998 | Probably Damaging | 1.89 | Pathogenic | 0.01 | Affected | 3.38 | 23 | -3 | -4 | 7.0 | -53.05 | |||||||||||||||||
| c.2216A>T | E739V 2D  AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant E739V is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. In contrast, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and FATHMM all predict a pathogenic impact. The SGM‑Consensus, which aggregates the majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports the variant as “Likely Benign.” High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign classification: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote) also indicates benign. The Foldetta protein‑folding stability analysis is unavailable for this variant. Overall, the preponderance of evidence from both general and high‑accuracy predictors points to a benign effect, and this conclusion does not contradict the current ClinVar “Uncertain” designation. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | -3.136 | Likely Benign | 0.274 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.085 | Likely Benign | -1.86 | Neutral | 0.891 | Possibly Damaging | 0.575 | Possibly Damaging | 2.47 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 2 | -2 | -2 | 7.7 | -29.98 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2741A>T | D914V 2D  AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant D914V is listed in ClinVar (ID 2582846.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, ESM1b, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic outcome are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is “Likely Benign.” High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote) as benign; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the balance of evidence points to a benign effect, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | -4.260 | Likely Benign | 0.723 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.187 | Likely Benign | -2.24 | Neutral | 0.999 | Probably Damaging | 0.986 | Probably Damaging | 2.64 | Benign | 0.01 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -3 | -2 | 7.7 | -15.96 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3653A>T | E1218V 2D AISynGAP1 missense variant E1218V is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 1015602.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools show a split opinion: benign predictions come from REVEL and ESM1b, whereas pathogenic predictions are made by PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Default. When the high‑accuracy consensus is considered, AlphaMissense‑Optimized is uncertain, but the SGM‑Consensus—derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN—labels the variant as likely pathogenic. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method that integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this change. Overall, the majority of evidence points toward a pathogenic effect, which is consistent with the ClinVar designation of uncertain significance rather than a benign classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | Coiled-coil | Uncertain | 2 | -5.647 | Likely Benign | 0.936 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.418 | Likely Benign | -5.68 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.998 | Probably Damaging | 2.21 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -2 | -2 | 7.7 | -29.98 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.662A>T | E221V 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 E221V missense variant is reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 2413181.0) and is not found in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools largely agree on a deleterious effect: pathogenic calls come from REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote). Benign predictions are limited to premPS, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and FATHMM. Uncertain results are reported by FoldX, Rosetta, and Foldetta. High‑accuracy assessments reinforce the pathogenic interpretation: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts Pathogenic, the SGM‑Consensus also indicates Likely Pathogenic, while Foldetta remains Uncertain. Taken together, the preponderance of evidence supports a pathogenic effect for E221V, and this conclusion aligns with the ClinVar classification, showing no contradiction. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | PH | Likely Pathogenic | 1 | -14.954 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.987 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.875 | Likely Pathogenic | -0.66 | Ambiguous | 0.2 | -0.89 | Ambiguous | -0.78 | Ambiguous | 0.49 | Likely Benign | -5.54 | Deleterious | 0.596 | Possibly Damaging | 0.203 | Benign | 5.86 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 3.41 | 13 | -2 | -2 | 7.7 | -29.98 | 234.5 | 50.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | -0.4 | 0.2 | X | Uncertain | The introduced residue Val221 is located on the outer surface of an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Cys219-Thr224). Unlike the carboxylate group of Glu221, Val221 cannot form hydrogen bonds with Thr223 or a salt bridge with the amino group of the Lys207 side chain. Despite this, the WT simulations containing Glu221 do not show significant differences compared to the variant simulations. However, since the model ends abruptly at the N-terminus, no definite conclusions can be drawn from the simulations. | |||||||||||
| c.1667A>T | N556I 2D  3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant N556I is catalogued in ClinVar as benign (ClinVar ID 2692844.0) and is observed in gnomAD (ID 6‑33438910‑A‑T). Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from Rosetta, Foldetta, and premPS, while pathogenic predictions arise from REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM‑Consensus score. Two tools report uncertainty: FoldX and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as uncertain, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as pathogenic, and Foldetta (integrating FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) as benign. Taken together, the majority of predictions favor a pathogenic effect, whereas the ClinVar annotation indicates benign. Thus, the computational evidence contradicts the ClinVar status, suggesting the variant is more likely pathogenic rather than benign. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | GAP | Likely Benign | 1 | 6-33438910-A-T | -13.391 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.929 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.761 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.64 | Ambiguous | 0.0 | 0.17 | Likely Benign | 0.41 | Likely Benign | 0.26 | Likely Benign | -7.52 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 0.999 | Probably Damaging | -1.35 | Pathogenic | 0.02 | Affected | 3.37 | 35 | -3 | -2 | 8.0 | -0.94 | |||||||||||||||||||
| c.1718G>T | R573L 2D  3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R573L is listed in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 521291.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that assess sequence conservation and structural impact uniformly indicate a deleterious effect: REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all classify the substitution as pathogenic. No tool in the dataset predicts a benign outcome. Predictions that rely on protein‑folding stability (FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS) are inconclusive and are therefore treated as unavailable. High‑accuracy assessments further support pathogenicity: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is pathogenic; the SGM Consensus, derived from the majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, also reports pathogenic; Foldetta remains uncertain. Based on the collective evidence, the variant is most likely pathogenic, which is consistent with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | GAP | Likely Pathogenic | 1 | -13.120 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.993 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.833 | Likely Pathogenic | 1.30 | Ambiguous | 0.6 | 1.11 | Ambiguous | 1.21 | Ambiguous | 0.80 | Ambiguous | -5.74 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | -1.41 | Pathogenic | 0.01 | Affected | 3.37 | 35 | -3 | -2 | 8.3 | -43.03 | 237.4 | 60.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | -0.7 | 0.3 | X | X | Potentially Pathogenic | The guanidinium group of Arg573, located in an α-helix (res. Arg563-Glu578), forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate groups of Glu582 and/or Asp586 from a nearby α-helix (res. Glu582-Met603) in the WT simulations. Additionally, the Arg573 side chain stacks planarly with the aromatic phenol ring of Tyr665 and hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl group of Ser668 from another α-helix (res. Ser641-Ser668). In the variant simulations, the aliphatic iso-butyl group of the Leu573 side chain fails to establish any of these interactions, which, in turn, lowers the integrity of the opposing α-helix end (res. Glu582-Met603). Overall, the residue swap has the potential to substantially affect the tertiary structure assembly during the protein folding process. | 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.11.011 | |||||||||
| c.1787G>T | R596L 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 R596L missense variant is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect are Foldetta and premPS, whereas the remaining pathogenic‑predicting tools—REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN)—all indicate a deleterious impact. High‑accuracy assessments further support this: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts pathogenicity, the SGM‑Consensus (derived from the same four high‑confidence predictors) also indicates likely pathogenic, while Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability outputs, predicts a benign effect. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect for R596L, which is consistent with the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | GAP | Uncertain | 1 | -13.197 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.992 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Pathogenic | 0.756 | Likely Pathogenic | 1.51 | Ambiguous | 0.3 | -0.58 | Ambiguous | 0.47 | Likely Benign | -0.02 | Likely Benign | -6.97 | Deleterious | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 1.000 | Probably Damaging | 2.45 | Pathogenic | 0.00 | Affected | 3.37 | 35 | -3 | -2 | 8.3 | -43.03 | 234.2 | 63.4 | -0.1 | 0.0 | -0.5 | 0.6 | X | X | Potentially Pathogenic | The guanidinium group of Arg596, located in an α helix (res. Glu582-Met603), forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate group of Glu495 from another α helix (res. Leu489-Glu519). In the WT simulations, the side chain of Arg596 hydrogen bonds with the backbone carbonyl groups of Asn487, Glu486, Arg485, and Phe484. Additionally, Arg596 can hydrogen bond with the carboxamide group of the Asn487 side chain on an opposing loop that links two α helices (res. Ala461-Arg475, res. Leu489-Glu519).However, in the variant simulations, the branched hydrocarbon side chain of Leu596 cannot form any of the hydrogen bonds or salt bridges maintained by the considerably bulkier and positively charged Arg596 side chain. Instead, Leu596 packs hydrophobically with the phenyl ring of Phe484 in the linker loop or residues from the opposing helix (e.g., Ile494, Thr491).Thus, the residue swap could affect the tertiary structure assembly more profoundly than observed in the simulations. Notably, Arg596 plays a key role in positioning the aforementioned loop, which is crucial for the placement of the “arginine finger” or the Arg485 side chain during RasGTPase activation. | 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.11.011 | |||||||||
| c.233G>T | R78L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R78L is listed in ClinVar (ID 3390541.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus score (which is a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN). Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are SIFT and AlphaMissense‑Default. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as benign; the Foldetta protein‑folding stability analysis is unavailable for this variant. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, and this conclusion does not contradict the current ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | -3.389 | Likely Benign | 0.635 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.062 | Likely Benign | -1.59 | Neutral | 0.385 | Benign | 0.021 | Benign | 3.84 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | -3 | -2 | 8.3 | -43.03 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2444G>T | R815L 2D AISynGAP1 missense variant R815L is listed in ClinVar (ID 2505666.0) with an uncertain significance annotation and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from REVEL and FATHMM, while pathogenic predictions are made by PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The high‑accuracy AlphaMissense‑Optimized score is uncertain, and the SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is pathogenic. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method that integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the consensus of the majority of tools indicates a pathogenic effect, which contrasts with the ClinVar uncertain classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | SH3-binding motif | Uncertain | 1 | -8.546 | Likely Pathogenic | 0.865 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.175 | Likely Benign | -3.06 | Deleterious | 0.999 | Probably Damaging | 0.997 | Probably Damaging | 2.63 | Benign | 0.03 | Affected | 4.32 | 4 | -2 | -3 | 8.3 | -43.03 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.2900G>T | R967L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R967L is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33443452‑G‑T). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN). In contrast, polyPhen‑2 (both HumDiv and HumVar models) predict a pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as likely benign; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a benign impact for R967L, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33443452-G-T | 1 | 6.20e-7 | -3.496 | Likely Benign | 0.164 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.123 | Likely Benign | -0.99 | Neutral | 0.959 | Probably Damaging | 0.586 | Possibly Damaging | 4.15 | Benign | 0.75 | Tolerated | 4.32 | 2 | -2 | -3 | 8.3 | -43.03 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3056G>T | R1019L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R1019L is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status (ClinVar ID 3364537.0) and is present in gnomAD (gnomAD ID 6‑33443608‑G‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect comprise PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports the variant as “Likely Pathogenic.” High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, while the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote) remains pathogenic. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the majority of computational evidence points to a pathogenic impact, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Pathogenic | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33443608-G-T | 2 | 1.24e-6 | -5.194 | Likely Benign | 0.752 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.110 | Likely Benign | -3.57 | Deleterious | 0.800 | Possibly Damaging | 0.573 | Possibly Damaging | 2.40 | Pathogenic | 0.01 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -2 | -3 | 8.3 | -43.03 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3059G>T | R1020L 2D AISynGAP1 missense variant R1020L is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from REVEL, ESM1b, and FATHMM, while pathogenic predictions are made by PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The high‑accuracy AlphaMissense‑Optimized score is uncertain, and the SGM consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) is inconclusive; Foldetta stability analysis is unavailable. Overall, the majority of evidence points toward a pathogenic effect, which contrasts with the ClinVar designation of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Uncertain | 1 | -6.031 | Likely Benign | 0.907 | Likely Pathogenic | Ambiguous | 0.216 | Likely Benign | -4.03 | Deleterious | 0.990 | Probably Damaging | 0.921 | Probably Damaging | 2.50 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -3 | -2 | 8.3 | -43.03 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.311G>T | R104L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R104L is listed in ClinVar (ID 2746314.0) as Benign and is present in gnomAD (6‑33432176‑G‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN). Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are SIFT and AlphaMissense‑Default. The high‑accuracy AlphaMissense‑Optimized result is benign, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote) is also benign; Foldetta results are not available. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact. This conclusion is consistent with the ClinVar benign classification and does not contradict the existing clinical annotation. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Benign | 1 | 6-33432176-G-T | 1 | 6.20e-7 | -3.563 | Likely Benign | 0.578 | Likely Pathogenic | Likely Benign | 0.170 | Likely Benign | -1.38 | Neutral | 0.001 | Benign | 0.002 | Benign | 4.05 | Benign | 0.00 | Affected | 4.32 | 1 | -2 | -3 | 8.3 | -43.03 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3308G>T | R1103L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R1103L is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33443860‑G‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are SIFT and FATHMM. The SGM‑Consensus, which aggregates AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports a “Likely Benign” outcome (3 benign vs. 1 pathogenic votes). High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as benign; Foldetta results are not available. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, and this is consistent with the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | Uncertain | 1 | 6-33443860-G-T | -2.330 | Likely Benign | 0.205 | Likely Benign | Likely Benign | 0.173 | Likely Benign | -2.35 | Neutral | 0.002 | Benign | 0.005 | Benign | 2.44 | Pathogenic | 0.02 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -3 | -2 | 8.3 | -43.03 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| c.3824G>T | R1275L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R1275L is listed in ClinVar as benign and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33447872‑G‑T). Functional prediction tools show a split: benign calls come from REVEL, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and polyPhen2_HumVar, while pathogenic calls come from PROVEAN, polyPhen2_HumDiv, and SIFT. Grouping by agreement, the benign‑predicted tools outnumber the pathogenic ones (5 vs 3). High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign interpretation: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) resolves to benign, and Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the computational evidence leans toward a benign effect, consistent with the ClinVar classification and showing no contradiction. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review. | Likely Benign | 1 | 6-33447872-G-T | 1 | 6.45e-7 | -6.052 | Likely Benign | 0.446 | Ambiguous | Likely Benign | 0.117 | Likely Benign | -4.04 | Deleterious | 0.800 | Possibly Damaging | 0.277 | Benign | 2.55 | Benign | 0.01 | Affected | 3.77 | 5 | -3 | -2 | 8.3 | -43.03 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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