Table of SynGAP1 Isoform α2 (UniProt Q96PV0-1) Missense Variants.

c.dna	Variant	SGM Consensus	Domain	ClinVar			gnomAD			ESM1b		AlphaMissense			REVEL		FoldX			Rosetta		Foldetta		PremPS		PROVEAN		PolyPhen-2 HumDiv		PolyPhen-2 HumVar		FATHMM		SIFT				PAM		Physical		SASA		Normalized B-factor backbone		Normalized B-factor sidechain		SynGAP Structural Annotation									DOI
				Clinical Status	Review	Subm.	ID	Allele count	Allele freq.	LLR score	Prediction	Pathogenicity	Class	Optimized	Score	Prediction	Average ΔΔG	Prediction	StdDev	ΔΔG	Prediction	ΔΔG	Prediction	ΔΔG	Prediction	Score	Prediction	pph2_prob	Prediction	pph2_prob	Prediction	Nervous System Score	Prediction	Prediction	Status	Conservation	Sequences	PAM250	PAM120	Hydropathy Δ	MW Δ	Average	Δ	Δ	StdDev	Δ	StdDev	Secondary	Tertiary bonds	Inside out	GAP-Ras interface	At membrane	No effect	MD Alert	Verdict	Description
c.1004G>A	R335H 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R335H is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6-33437909‑G‑A). Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from REVEL, Rosetta, and Foldetta, while pathogenic predictions are made by PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Default. Uncertain results are reported by FoldX, premPS, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. High‑accuracy assessments show that the SGM Consensus—derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN—labels the variant as pathogenic, whereas Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, predicts a benign effect. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic impact, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Uncertain		1	6-33437909-G-A	2	1.24e-6	-12.521	Likely Pathogenic	0.831	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.132	Likely Benign	0.58	Ambiguous	0.1	0.22	Likely Benign	0.40	Likely Benign	0.72	Ambiguous	-3.02	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.998	Probably Damaging	1.70	Pathogenic	0.03	Affected	3.38	22	2	0	1.3	-19.05	242.4	82.1	-2.4	0.6	-0.1	0.1											Uncertain	The guanidinium group of Arg335, located in a β hairpin loop linking two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Ala322-Asp330, res. Gly341-Pro349), faces the post-synaptic inner membrane surface. In the WT simulations, the Arg335 side chain dynamically forms salt bridges with the carboxylate groups of Asp322, Asp338, and Asp616. In contrast, the imidazole ring of His335, which is not double protonated and thus not positively charged in the variant simulations, continues to move dynamically without forming any lasting or strong interactions. Importantly, the positively charged arginine residues of the C2 domain are ideal membrane anchors for ensuring SynGAP-membrane association. However, this phenomenon cannot be addressed using solvent-only simulations.
c.1195G>A	A399T 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant A399T is listed in ClinVar (ID 1990638.0) as Benign and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. No tool predicts a pathogenic outcome; the only inconclusive results come from FoldX, Rosetta, and Foldetta, which are treated as unavailable evidence. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as Benign, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as Likely Benign, and Foldetta as Uncertain. Overall, the variant is most likely benign, and this conclusion aligns with its ClinVar benign classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	C2	Benign		1				-5.236	Likely Benign	0.114	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.272	Likely Benign	1.24	Ambiguous	0.1	0.91	Ambiguous	1.08	Ambiguous	0.49	Likely Benign	-0.40	Neutral	0.131	Benign	0.039	Benign	5.41	Benign	0.69	Tolerated	3.38	26	1	0	-2.5	30.03	211.4	-41.4	0.0	0.0	0.6	0.4		X						Potentially Pathogenic	The methyl group of Ala399, located in an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Ala399-Ile411), is swapped for a hydroxyl-containing threonine. In the variant simulations, the hydroxyl group of Thr399 can form H-bonds with the backbone atoms of the residues in the membrane-facing loops (e.g., Gly382) in the C2 domain. Consequently, the ability of the Thr399 side chain to form H-bonds with the membrane-facing loops could adversely affect the dynamics and stability of the SynGAP-membrane association. However, since the effects on the dynamics of the membrane-facing loops can only be studied through the SynGAP-membrane complex, no definite conclusions can be drawn.
c.1198G>C	V400L 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant V400L is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 1166313.0) and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33438103‑G‑C). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. No tool predicts a pathogenic outcome; the only inconclusive result is from FoldX, which is treated as unavailable. High‑accuracy assessments confirm benignity: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is benign; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, is benign. Overall, the computational evidence strongly supports a benign classification, consistent with the ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	C2	Benign		1	6-33438103-G-C	22	1.36e-5	-1.000	Likely Benign	0.137	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.325	Likely Benign	-0.71	Ambiguous	0.2	0.39	Likely Benign	-0.16	Likely Benign	-0.29	Likely Benign	-0.60	Neutral	0.001	Benign	0.001	Benign	5.33	Benign	0.64	Tolerated	3.38	27	2	1	-0.4	14.03	251.0	-30.1	0.0	0.0	0.7	0.1						X		Potentially Benign	The iso-propyl side chain of Val400, located in an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Ala399-Ile411), hydrophobically packs against hydrophobic residues within the anti-parallel β sheet of the C2 domain (e.g., Ile268, Ala404, Leu325, Leu402). Val400 is swapped for another hydrophobic residue, leucine, whose branched hydrocarbon side chain is of a comparable size and thus packs favorably within the C2 domain. In short, the residue swap has no apparent negative effect on the structure based on the variant simulations.	10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.11.011
c.1199T>A	V400E 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant V400E is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that indicate a benign effect are polyPhen‑2 HumVar and FATHMM; all other evaluated algorithms (REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM‑Consensus) predict a pathogenic impact. High‑accuracy assessments further support a deleterious outcome: AlphaMissense‑Optimized scores the variant as pathogenic, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) labels it “Likely Pathogenic,” and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) predicts a pathogenic effect. Based on the preponderance of pathogenic predictions, the variant is most likely pathogenic, which does not contradict its current ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Uncertain		1				-13.686	Likely Pathogenic	0.998	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.810	Likely Pathogenic	3.70	Destabilizing	0.2	2.46	Destabilizing	3.08	Destabilizing	2.29	Destabilizing	-4.88	Deleterious	0.920	Possibly Damaging	0.335	Benign	5.31	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.38	27	-2	-2	-7.7	29.98	249.1	-38.8	-0.1	0.1	1.0	0.0	X		X				X	Potentially Pathogenic	The iso-propyl side chain of Val400, located in an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Ala399-Ile411), hydrophobically packs against hydrophobic residues within the anti-parallel β sheet of the C2 domain (e.g., Ile268, Ala404, Leu325, Leu402). In the variant simulations, the negatively charged carboxylate group of the Glu400 side chain is not suitable for occupying the hydrophobic niche. Consequently, the side chain escapes the center of the C2 domain and interacts with the backbone amide groups of Leu402 in the same β strand and/or Ile269 and Glu270 in a neighboring β strand (res. Arg259-Arg272). This residue swap disrupts the hydrophobic packing and generally has extensive negative effects on the C2 domain structure. At a minimum, the residue swap could affect the C2 domain stability and membrane association.
c.1202G>A	R401Q 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R401Q is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33438107‑G‑A). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect are limited to FATHMM, whereas the majority of algorithms (REVEL, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus) predict a pathogenic impact. Uncertain results are reported by FoldX, Rosetta, and Foldetta. High‑accuracy methods reinforce the pathogenic prediction: AlphaMissense‑Optimized scores the variant as pathogenic, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) indicates “Likely Pathogenic,” and Foldetta’s stability assessment is inconclusive. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, which does not contradict the current ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Uncertain		1	6-33438107-G-A			-11.213	Likely Pathogenic	0.969	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.780	Likely Pathogenic	0.96	Ambiguous	0.1	1.50	Ambiguous	1.23	Ambiguous	1.20	Destabilizing	-3.69	Deleterious	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.978	Probably Damaging	5.47	Benign	0.04	Affected	3.38	27	1	1	1.0	-28.06
c.1205T>G	L402R 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant L402R is listed in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 559657.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include only FATHMM; all other evaluated algorithms (REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized) predict a pathogenic impact. High‑accuracy methods give the following results: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts Pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is Likely Pathogenic; and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) predicts Pathogenic. Based on the overwhelming agreement among pathogenic predictions and the concordance with ClinVar, the variant is most likely pathogenic, and this assessment does not contradict the ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Likely Pathogenic		1				-13.800	Likely Pathogenic	0.997	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.522	Likely Pathogenic	4.10	Destabilizing	0.2	3.82	Destabilizing	3.96	Destabilizing	2.24	Destabilizing	-4.69	Deleterious	0.967	Probably Damaging	0.459	Possibly Damaging	3.69	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.38	28	-3	-2	-8.3	43.03	259.5	-55.4	0.0	0.0	1.4	0.0	X		X				X	Potentially Pathogenic	The iso-butyl side chain of Leu402, located in an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Ala399-Ile411), packs with residues inside the hydrophobic core of the C2 domain (e.g., Ile268, Ala404, Leu266, Val400). In the variant simulations, the positively charged guanidinium group of the Arg402 side chain is not suitable for the hydrophobic niche. Consequently, the side chain moves outward from the hydrophobic C2 domain core and stacks with the phenol ring of Tyr363 or forms H-bonds with the carboxamide group of the Gln361 side chain in the β sheet strand (res. Thr359-Tyr364). This movement induces extensive negative effects on the C2 domain structure.
c.1213C>T	R405C 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R405C is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 1185858.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33438118‑C‑T). Prediction tools that indicate a benign effect include REVEL, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Those that predict a pathogenic effect comprise premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The SGM Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports a likely pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, SGM Consensus as pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) as uncertain. FoldX and Rosetta individually return uncertain results. Overall, the balance of evidence favors a pathogenic interpretation, which does not conflict with the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Conflicting		2	6-33438118-C-T	6	3.72e-6	-9.206	Likely Pathogenic	0.713	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.427	Likely Benign	0.72	Ambiguous	0.1	1.51	Ambiguous	1.12	Ambiguous	1.21	Destabilizing	-7.27	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	1.000	Probably Damaging	3.61	Benign	0.02	Affected	3.38	28	-4	-3	7.0	-53.05	221.3	82.6	-0.1	0.0	-0.2	0.3	X	X						Potentially Pathogenic	The guanidinium group of Arg405, located in an anti-parallel β sheet strand of the C2 domain (res. Ala399-Ile411), forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate group of the Glu446 side chain from an opposing α helix (res. Val441-Ser457) in the GAP domain. The positively charged Arg405 side chain also stacks with the aromatic ring of the Phe358 side chain from a loop preceding the β strand (res. Thr359-Thr366), which could assist in maintaining the anti-parallel strand arrangement.In the variant simulations, the thiol-containing side chain of Cys405 is neutral and smaller compared to the arginine side chain. The lack of Arg405-Phe358 stacking affects the loop structure, causing it to assume a β strand form—an effect that could be exacerbated during protein folding. Moreover, the inability of Cys405 to form a salt bridge with Glu446 could affect the tertiary structure assembly, although this is not apparent based on the variant simulations.
c.1214G>A	R405H 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R405H is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 863440.0) and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33438119‑G‑A). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. In contrast, the majority of tools predict a pathogenic impact: FoldX, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM‑Consensus score (Likely Pathogenic). High‑accuracy assessments further support a deleterious outcome: AlphaMissense‑Optimized reports a benign change, whereas the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta) both predict pathogenicity. Overall, the preponderance of evidence indicates that R405H is most likely pathogenic, which does not contradict the current ClinVar status of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Conflicting		2	6-33438119-G-A	4	2.48e-6	-9.081	Likely Pathogenic	0.706	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.371	Likely Benign	2.79	Destabilizing	0.6	1.85	Ambiguous	2.32	Destabilizing	1.26	Destabilizing	-4.54	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.991	Probably Damaging	3.65	Benign	0.01	Affected	3.38	28	2	0	1.3	-19.05	214.0	102.2	-0.1	0.0	-0.7	0.1		X						Potentially Pathogenic	The guanidinium group of Arg405, located in an anti-parallel β sheet strand of the C2 domain (res. Pro398-Ile411), forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate group of the Glu446 side chain from an opposing α helix (res. Val441-Ser457) in the GAP domain. The positively charged Arg405 side chain also stacks with the aromatic ring of the Phe358 side chain from a loop preceding the β strand (res. Thr359-Thr366), which could assist in maintaining the anti-parallel strand arrangement.In the variant simulations, the imidazole ring of His405 does not stack with the aromatic ring of Phe358 nor form any lasting H-bonds with the loop residues. The imidazole ring of His405 (neutral and epsilon protonated in the simulations) is unable to form a salt bridge with Glu446, which could affect the tertiary structure assembly, although this is not apparent based on the variant simulations.
c.1214G>C	R405P 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R405P is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that classify the variant as benign include only FATHMM. All other evaluated algorithms—REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus—predict it to be pathogenic or likely pathogenic. High‑accuracy assessments further support a deleterious effect: AlphaMissense‑Optimized scores it as pathogenic; the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) indicates it is likely pathogenic; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability predictions, also classifies it as pathogenic. Based on the overwhelming agreement among these predictions, the variant is most likely pathogenic, which does not contradict its current ClinVar “Uncertain” status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Uncertain		1				-14.206	Likely Pathogenic	0.999	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.572	Likely Pathogenic	3.11	Destabilizing	0.3	5.19	Destabilizing	4.15	Destabilizing	1.26	Destabilizing	-6.32	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	1.000	Probably Damaging	3.62	Benign	0.01	Affected	3.38	28	-2	0	2.9	-59.07
c.1221G>T	Q407H 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant Q407H is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 2772184.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from REVEL and FATHMM, while pathogenic predictions are made by premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. Predictions marked as uncertain include FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as uncertain, the SGM Consensus (derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) as likely pathogenic, and Foldetta as uncertain. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect for Q407H. This conclusion does not conflict with the ClinVar designation of uncertain significance, which remains unresolved pending further evidence. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Uncertain		1				-10.526	Likely Pathogenic	0.830	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.206	Likely Benign	0.59	Ambiguous	0.0	0.61	Ambiguous	0.60	Ambiguous	1.10	Destabilizing	-4.51	Deleterious	0.982	Probably Damaging	0.947	Probably Damaging	3.88	Benign	0.01	Affected	3.38	28	0	3	0.3	9.01
c.1231A>G	I411V 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant I411V is reported in ClinVar as benign (ClinVar ID 1654508.0) and is not found in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus score (Likely Benign). Two tools predict a pathogenic outcome: PolyPhen‑2 HumDiv and PolyPhen‑2 HumVar. Predictions that are inconclusive or unavailable are AlphaMissense‑Default, FoldX, Rosetta, premPS, and Foldetta. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign interpretation: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is Likely Benign, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta) is uncertain. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a benign effect for I411V, which is consistent with its ClinVar classification and does not contradict the reported status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	GAP	Likely Benign		1				-6.290	Likely Benign	0.385	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.212	Likely Benign	0.74	Ambiguous	0.0	0.82	Ambiguous	0.78	Ambiguous	0.99	Ambiguous	-0.86	Neutral	0.935	Possibly Damaging	0.858	Possibly Damaging	3.90	Benign	0.27	Tolerated	3.38	28	4	3	-0.3	-14.03	233.3	28.2	-0.2	0.0	-0.2	0.0						X		Potentially Benign	The sec-butyl side chain of Ile411, located in the hydrophobic space between an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Pro398-Ile411) and an α helix (res. Asp684-Gln702), packs against multiple residues (e.g., Met409, Arg259). In the variant simulations, the side chain of Val411 is able to favorably fill the same hydrophobic niche despite its slightly smaller size. In short, the residue swap has no apparent negative effect on the structure based on the simulations.
c.1285C>T	R429W 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R429W is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33438190‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, while pathogenic predictions come from PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and ESM1b; premPS and AlphaMissense‑Default are inconclusive. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as pathogenic, and Foldetta as benign. Overall, the majority of predictions lean toward a benign impact, and this does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		GAP	Conflicting		5	6-33438190-C-T	65	4.03e-5	-10.666	Likely Pathogenic	0.500	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.282	Likely Benign	0.31	Likely Benign	0.1	-0.13	Likely Benign	0.09	Likely Benign	0.52	Ambiguous	-3.19	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.990	Probably Damaging	3.41	Benign	0.03	Affected	3.38	25	2	-3	3.6	30.03	252.3	45.5	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.1		X						Potentially Pathogenic	The guanidinium group of Arg429, located in an α helix (res. Met414-Glu436), either forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate group of an acidic residue (Asp474, Asp467) or a H-bond with the hydroxyl group of Ser471 in an opposing α helix (res. Ala461-Phe476). In the variant simulations, the indole ring of the Trp429 side chain cannot form ionic interactions with the acidic residues. Although it forms a H-bond with Ser471, the bonding is not as strong as that of arginine. The residue swap could affect the tertiary structure assembly during folding; however, no large-scale negative effects were seen during the simulations.
c.1286G>A	R429Q 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R429Q is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33438191‑G‑A). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, PROVEAN, SIFT, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and ESM1b, while premPS is inconclusive. The high‑accuracy consensus (SGM Consensus) – a majority vote among AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN – yields a “Likely Benign” result. AlphaMissense‑Optimized itself predicts benign, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) also predicts benign. Taken together, the preponderance of evidence points to a benign impact for R429Q, which does not contradict the current ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	GAP	Uncertain		2	6-33438191-G-A	10	6.20e-6	-8.227	Likely Pathogenic	0.143	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.156	Likely Benign	0.45	Likely Benign	0.1	0.36	Likely Benign	0.41	Likely Benign	0.98	Ambiguous	-1.25	Neutral	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.979	Probably Damaging	3.47	Benign	0.58	Tolerated	3.38	25	1	1	1.0	-28.06	235.8	59.5	0.0	0.0	-0.3	0.4		X						Potentially Pathogenic	The guanidinium group of the Arg429 side chain, located in an α helix (res. Met414-Glu436), either forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate group of an acidic residue (Asp474, Asp467) or an H-bond with the hydroxyl group of Ser471 in an opposing α helix (res. Ala461-Phe476). In the variant simulations, Gln429 cannot form ionic interactions with the acidic residues; however, the carboxamide group can form multiple H-bonds. The H-bonding coordination of the Asn429 side chain varied between the replica simulations. In one simulation, three H-bonds were formed simultaneously with the Asp467 side chain, the backbone carbonyl group of Asn426, and the amide group of Met430 at the end of the same α helix. The residue swap could affect the tertiary structure assembly during folding due to weaker bond formation, but no large-scale negative effects were seen during the simulations.
c.1312G>A	A438T 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant A438T is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in the gnomAD database (gnomAD ID 6‑33438217‑G‑A). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. No tool in the dataset predicts a pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign classification: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) is “Likely Benign”; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability outputs, is benign. Based on the collective predictions, the variant is most likely benign, and this conclusion does not contradict the current ClinVar status of “Uncertain.” Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	GAP	Conflicting		3	6-33438217-G-A	16	9.91e-6	-5.339	Likely Benign	0.085	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.021	Likely Benign	0.21	Likely Benign	0.0	-0.07	Likely Benign	0.07	Likely Benign	0.36	Likely Benign	-0.81	Neutral	0.300	Benign	0.011	Benign	4.18	Benign	0.14	Tolerated	3.38	26	1	0	-2.5	30.03	214.2	-42.7	-0.3	0.1	-0.4	0.1						X		Potentially Benign	The methyl group of Ala438, located in a four-residue loop connecting two α helices (res. Asn440-Thr458 and Pro413-Glu436), packs against hydrophobic residues from a nearby α helix or loop residues (e.g., Leu703, Val699). In the variant simulations, the methyl group of Thr438 is able to establish similar hydrophobic packing. Moreover, the hydroxyl group also H-bonds with nearby residues, such as the carbonyl group of the neighboring loop residue Pro437. Accordingly, the residue swap does not generate an apparent negative effect on the protein structure based on the simulations.
c.1763T>A	L588H 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant L588H is listed in ClinVar (ID 422233.0) as Pathogenic and is not reported in gnomAD. All available in silico predictors classify the change as pathogenic: REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. No tool predicts a benign effect. High‑accuracy assessments confirm this: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts Pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) yields Likely Pathogenic; and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) predicts Pathogenic. Thus, the variant is most likely pathogenic, and this prediction aligns with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Likely Pathogenic		1				-16.947	Likely Pathogenic	0.999	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.939	Likely Pathogenic	4.20	Destabilizing	0.2	3.69	Destabilizing	3.95	Destabilizing	2.26	Destabilizing	-6.97	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	1.000	Probably Damaging	-1.42	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.38	34	-2	-3	-7.0	23.98	214.3	20.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2	X	X					X	Potentially Pathogenic	The isobutyl group of the Leu588 side chain, located in an α helix (res. Glu582-Met603), packs against hydrophobic residues in the inter-helix hydrophobic space (e.g., Ile584, Trp572, Phe484, Met470, Val473, Ile483).In the variant simulations, the imidazole ring of His588 is aromatic but contains polar delta and epsilon nitrogen atoms that are not suited for the hydrophobic niche. The protonated epsilon nitrogen forms a hydrogen bond with the backbone carbonyl group of Ala469, which can disrupt the continuity of the opposing α helix (res. Phe476-Lys460).While the residue swap could affect the tertiary assembly and the underlying protein folding process, it is difficult to determine if the mutation would be tolerated based solely on the variant simulations.
c.1763T>C	L588P 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant L588P is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that assess pathogenicity all converge on a deleterious effect: REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all predict pathogenicity. No tool in the dataset predicts a benign outcome. High‑accuracy assessments reinforce this view: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is “Likely Pathogenic”; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability calculations, is pathogenic. Based on the unanimous computational evidence, the variant is most likely pathogenic, a conclusion that contradicts the current ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Uncertain		1				-14.771	Likely Pathogenic	1.000	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.932	Likely Pathogenic	5.61	Destabilizing	0.5	12.91	Destabilizing	9.26	Destabilizing	2.33	Destabilizing	-6.97	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	1.000	Probably Damaging	-1.42	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.38	34	-3	-3	-5.4	-16.04
c.1947G>C	M649I 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant M649I is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that indicate a benign effect include REVEL, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and FATHMM, whereas the majority of other in silico predictors (FoldX, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized) report a pathogenic outcome; Rosetta is inconclusive. High‑accuracy assessments further support a deleterious impact: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts pathogenicity, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is “Likely Pathogenic,” and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) also predicts pathogenicity. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect for M649I, which is consistent with the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Uncertain		1				-9.361	Likely Pathogenic	0.995	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.449	Likely Benign	2.42	Destabilizing	0.2	1.96	Ambiguous	2.19	Destabilizing	1.01	Destabilizing	-3.99	Deleterious	0.672	Possibly Damaging	0.093	Benign	3.40	Benign	0.02	Affected	3.38	27	2	1	2.6	-18.03	243.7	21.5	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1							X	Potentially Benign	The thioether side chain of Met649, located on an α helix (res. Ser641-Glu666), bridges Phe652, Phe648, and Phe639 in an inter-helix hydrophobic cavity in the WT simulations. In the variant simulations, the sec-butyl side chain of Ile649 maintains hydrophobic interactions with nearby residues, with no significant effects on the protein structure.However, methionine is known as a bridging motif for aromatic residues, and these Met-aromatic interactions are lost in the variant. Indeed, in the second variant simulation,the bridging of Phe652, Phe648 and Phe639 is completely lost. In reality, the effect could be more severe on the structure during the protein folding.
c.1976C>T	S659F 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S659F is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is absent from gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that provide definitive calls cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from REVEL, Rosetta, premPS, polyPhen2_HumVar, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized; pathogenic predictions come from PROVEAN, polyPhen2_HumDiv, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN). High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign, SGM Consensus predicts pathogenic, and Foldetta (which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) yields an uncertain result and is therefore unavailable. Overall, the majority of reliable tools favor a pathogenic effect. Thus, the variant is most likely pathogenic, a conclusion that does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Uncertain		1				-10.925	Likely Pathogenic	0.662	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.194	Likely Benign	-0.81	Ambiguous	0.1	-0.25	Likely Benign	-0.53	Ambiguous	0.32	Likely Benign	-4.59	Deleterious	0.806	Possibly Damaging	0.171	Benign	3.39	Benign	0.05	Affected	3.38	28	-3	-2	3.6	60.10	221.3	-61.2	0.0	0.0	0.6	0.4						X		Potentially Benign	In the WT simulations, the hydroxyl group of Ser659, located in a kink in the middle of the long α-helix (res. Ser641-Glu666), forms a hydrogen bond with the carboxylate group of Glu656. However, the phenol ring of the Phe659 side chain cannot form a similar hydrogen bond. Instead, it interacts with the hydrophobic isopropyl side chain of Val555 from the opposing α-helix (res. Ala533-Val560). This residue swap may therefore cause issues during protein folding.
c.1991T>C	L664S 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant L664S is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 2429773.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33441250‑T‑C). Prediction tools that report a benign effect include only FATHMM; all other evaluated algorithms (REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized) predict a pathogenic impact, and the SGM‑Consensus score is “Likely Pathogenic.” High‑accuracy methods give the following results: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts Pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) also yields Pathogenic; and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) predicts Pathogenic. Based on the overwhelming majority of pathogenic predictions—including the high‑accuracy tools—the variant is most likely pathogenic, which contradicts its ClinVar benign classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Likely Benign		1	6-33441250-T-C	1	6.20e-7	-16.498	Likely Pathogenic	0.997	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.543	Likely Pathogenic	3.75	Destabilizing	0.2	3.63	Destabilizing	3.69	Destabilizing	2.77	Destabilizing	-5.99	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.996	Probably Damaging	2.85	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.38	28	-3	-2	-4.6	-26.08	215.5	50.1	0.0	0.0	-0.2	0.2						X		Potentially Benign	The iso-butyl side chain of L664, located on an α-helix (res. Ser641-Glu666), hydrophobically interacts with residues in the inter-helix space between three helices (res. Glu617-Asn635, res. Glu582-Met603, and res. Ser641-Glu666), such as Ile589, Phe663, and Met660. In the variant simulations, the hydroxyl group of Ser664 forms hydrogen bonds with the backbone carbonyl oxygen of another helix residue, such as Met660 or Gln661. This interaction is known to destabilize hydrogen bonding in the α-helix, but this effect was not observed in the simulations. Additionally, Ser664 occasionally forms hydrogen bonds with the carboxylate group of Asp586 on another α-helix (res. Glu582-Met603), which could minimally influence the tertiary structure assembly. Despite these interactions, no major negative effects on the protein structure were observed during the simulations.
c.1997A>G	E666G 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant E666G is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 1115026.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33441256‑A‑G). Functional prediction tools that agree on pathogenicity include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM‑Consensus. Only FATHMM predicts a benign effect. Predictions marked Uncertain (FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, AlphaMissense‑Optimized) are treated as unavailable. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as Uncertain, SGM‑Consensus as Likely Pathogenic (derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN), and Foldetta as Uncertain. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a pathogenic impact, which contradicts the ClinVar benign classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Likely Benign		1	6-33441256-A-G	10	6.20e-6	-12.261	Likely Pathogenic	0.911	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.522	Likely Pathogenic	1.57	Ambiguous	0.1	1.46	Ambiguous	1.52	Ambiguous	0.93	Ambiguous	-6.25	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.970	Probably Damaging	3.37	Benign	0.02	Affected	3.38	28	0	-2	3.1	-72.06	173.9	98.5	0.0	0.0	-0.7	0.0		X						Potentially Pathogenic	In the WT simulations, the carboxylate group of Glu666, located on the α-helix (res. Ser641-Glu666), is involved in a highly coordinated hydrogen-bonding network between residues from two α-helices (res. Ser641-Glu666 and res. Arg563-Glu578) and from the α-α loop connecting the two α-helices (res. Ser641-Glu666 and res. Leu685-Val699), such as Lys566, Thr672, and Asn669. In the variant simulations, the carbonyl group of Gly666 occasionally forms hydrogen bonds with Lys566 and Asn669. However, Gly666 lacks a side chain and thus cannot maintain as well-coordinated a hydrogen-bond network as Glu666 in the WT, which may affect the tertiary structure assembly.
c.1998G>C	E666D 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 E666D is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ID 587483.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools show a mixed signal: benign calls come from REVEL, SIFT, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and Rosetta; pathogenic calls come from premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The SGM Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is classified as likely pathogenic. High‑accuracy assessments give AlphaMissense‑Optimized a benign prediction, while the SGM Consensus remains pathogenic; Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability outputs, is inconclusive. Overall, the balance of evidence slightly favors a pathogenic interpretation, but the predictions are not unequivocal. Thus, the variant is most likely pathogenic according to the current computational data, and this does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Uncertain		1				-8.820	Likely Pathogenic	0.704	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.197	Likely Benign	0.88	Ambiguous	0.0	0.37	Likely Benign	0.63	Ambiguous	1.05	Destabilizing	-2.69	Deleterious	0.992	Probably Damaging	0.603	Possibly Damaging	3.43	Benign	0.06	Tolerated	3.38	28	3	2	0.0	-14.03	237.2	16.5	0.0	0.0	-0.3	0.1		X						Potentially Pathogenic	The carboxylate group of Glu666, located on the α-helix (res. Ser641-Glu666), is involved in a highly coordinated hydrogen-bonding network between residues from two α-helices (res. Ser641-Glu666 and res. Arg563-Glu578) and from the α-α loop connecting the two α-helices (res. Ser641-Glu666 and res. Leu685-Val699), such as Lys566, Thr672, and Asn669, in the WT simulations. In the variant simulations, the shorter side chain of Asp666 cannot maintain these interactions as efficiently as Glu666 in the WT, resulting in a less coordinated hydrogen-bond network.
c.2003C>T	S668F 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S668F is reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 1309930.0) and is not found in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools largely agree on a deleterious effect: benign predictions come from premPS and FATHMM, while the remaining 12 tools (REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM Consensus) predict pathogenicity. High‑accuracy assessments reinforce this view: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is Pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is Pathogenic; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, is also Pathogenic. No predictions are inconclusive. Overall, the computational evidence strongly supports a pathogenic effect, consistent with the ClinVar classification. Therefore, the variant is most likely pathogenic based on the consensus of prediction tools, and this assessment aligns with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Likely Pathogenic		1				-15.047	Likely Pathogenic	0.999	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.643	Likely Pathogenic	16.72	Destabilizing	5.0	11.07	Destabilizing	13.90	Destabilizing	0.00	Likely Benign	-5.98	Deleterious	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.935	Probably Damaging	3.18	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.38	28	-3	-2	3.6	60.10	250.9	-59.6	-0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1		X	X				X	Potentially Pathogenic	In the WT simulations, the hydroxyl side chain of Ser668, located on an α-α loop connecting the two α-helices (res. Ser641-Glu666 and res. Leu685-Val699), forms hydrogen bonds with the backbone carbonyl groups of Leu664, Tyr665, and Glu666, as well as the guanidinium group of Arg573 on a nearby α-helix (res. Arg563-Glu578). In the variant simulations, the side chain of Phe668 cannot maintain the same hydrogen-bond network. Due to its larger size, it moves away to avoid steric hindrance. In the WT simulations, a network of hydrogen bonds between several residues (e.g., Asn669, Lys566, and Glu666) keeps both α-helices and the proceeding loop (res. Asn669-Asp684) tightly connected, but this setup is not present in the variant simulations. Additionally, in the variant simulations, the side chain of Arg573 shifts to form a more stable salt bridge with the carboxylate group of Glu582 instead of hydrogen bonding with Ser668 as in the WT simulations.
c.791T>A	L264Q 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant L264Q is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that assess pathogenicity all converge on a deleterious effect: REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all predict pathogenicity. No tool in the dataset predicts a benign outcome. High‑accuracy methods reinforce this view: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is “Likely Pathogenic”; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability calculations, is pathogenic. Based on the unanimous computational evidence, the variant is most likely pathogenic, a conclusion that contradicts the current ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Uncertain		1				-15.729	Likely Pathogenic	0.999	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.678	Likely Pathogenic	3.43	Destabilizing	0.1	2.41	Destabilizing	2.92	Destabilizing	2.48	Destabilizing	-5.52	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.49	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.38	18	-2	-2	-7.3	14.97	254.7	-7.6	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3	X		X				X	Potentially Pathogenic	The iso-butyl branched hydrocarbon side chain of Leu264, located at the end of an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Arg259-Arg272), packs against multiple hydrophobic residues such as Leu266, Phe314, Leu317, and Leu323 in the WT simulations. In the variant simulations, the hydrophilic carboxamide group of the Gln264 side chain is not suitable for the hydrophobic niche, causing the hydrophobic residues to make room for the swapped residue. Additionally, the carboxamide group of Gln264 forms hydrogen bonds with the backbone amide groups of Arg405 and Lys256 in the β sheet and the carbonyl group of Val350 in an α helical section of a nearby loop (res. Pro359-Phe358). The residue swap disrupts the packing of the C2 domain, which could adversely affect the C2 domain structure during folding. This disruption could potentially weaken the stability of the SynGAP-membrane association.
c.812C>A	A271D 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant A271D is listed in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 2019732.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that assess functional impact uniformly classify the variant as pathogenic: REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. No tool predicts a benign effect. High‑accuracy assessments reinforce this view: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) indicates Likely Pathogenic; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability outputs, also predicts pathogenic. Based on the unanimous computational evidence, the variant is most likely pathogenic, and this conclusion aligns with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Pathogenic		1				-18.590	Likely Pathogenic	0.999	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.706	Likely Pathogenic	4.71	Destabilizing	0.4	2.67	Destabilizing	3.69	Destabilizing	1.59	Destabilizing	-5.52	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.62	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.38	19	0	-2	-5.3	44.01	226.2	-63.4	0.0	0.0	0.9	0.1	X		X	X			X	Potentially Pathogenic	The methyl group of Ala271, located near the end of an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Arg259-Arg272), packs against multiple hydrophobic residues such as Val400, Val306, and Leu274 in the WT simulations. In the variant simulations, the carboxylate group of Asp271 is not suitable for the hydrophobic niche, causing the hydrophobic residues to make room for the swapped residue. Additionally, the carboxylate group of the Asp271 side chain forms hydrogen bonds with the backbone amide groups of Arg272 and Ala399 in the β sheet, or even forms a salt bridge with the amino group of the Lys394 side chain. This directly affects the integrity of the anti-parallel β sheet at the end. In short, the residue swap disrupts the C2 domain packing during folding, which could weaken the stability of the SynGAP-membrane association.
c.815G>A	R272Q 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R272Q is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33437720‑G‑A). Prediction tools that classify the variant as benign include REVEL, Rosetta, Foldetta, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and PROVEAN. Those that predict pathogenicity are premPS, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, and FATHMM. The high‑accuracy methods give the following results: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is inconclusive; and Foldetta predicts benign. With the majority of high‑accuracy tools supporting a benign effect, the variant is most likely benign, which does not contradict its current ClinVar status of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		C2	Uncertain		2	6-33437720-G-A	14	8.67e-6	-9.559	Likely Pathogenic	0.286	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.321	Likely Benign	0.73	Ambiguous	0.1	0.15	Likely Benign	0.44	Likely Benign	1.00	Destabilizing	-1.81	Neutral	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.994	Probably Damaging	1.88	Pathogenic	0.03	Affected	3.38	19	1	1	1.0	-28.06	255.7	52.9	0.0	0.0	-0.2	0.1				X				Uncertain	The guanidinium group of Arg272, located at the end of an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Arg259-Arg272), is stably maintained in an upright and outward position via stacking with the indole ring of the Trp362 side chain in another β strand (res. Thr359-Pro364). In the WT simulations, Arg272 forms hydrogen bonds with the glycine-rich Ω loop residues (res. Val365-Pro398, e.g., Gly380) and creates a salt bridge with the carboxylate group of the Asp304 side chain.In the variant simulations, the carboxamide group of the Gln272 side chain does not stack with the indole ring of Trp362 as stably as the guanidinium group of Arg272 in the WT. Consequently, the Gln272 side chain is freer to interact with the loop residues than Arg272, potentially negatively affecting the dynamic SynGAP-membrane association. Additionally, Arg272 faces the RasGTPase interface, so the residue swap could impact the SynGAP-Ras complex formation and GTPase activation.
c.819G>T	E273D 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant E273D is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 1471608.0) and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33437724‑G‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Only FATHMM predicts a pathogenic outcome, while premPS is uncertain. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is Likely Benign. High‑accuracy assessments are consistent: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote) is benign, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) also predicts benign. No prediction contradicts the ClinVar benign status; overall, the evidence strongly supports that E273D is most likely benign. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	C2	Benign		1	6-33437724-G-T	2	1.24e-6	-1.811	Likely Benign	0.058	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.092	Likely Benign	0.26	Likely Benign	0.1	-0.48	Likely Benign	-0.11	Likely Benign	-0.63	Ambiguous	1.99	Neutral	0.004	Benign	0.010	Benign	2.00	Pathogenic	1.00	Tolerated	3.38	18	3	2	0.0	-14.03	223.1	22.1	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.1						X		Potentially Benign	The negatively charged residue Glu273, located in a β hairpin loop (res. Glu273-Lys278) that connects two anti-parallel β sheet strands, is replaced with another negatively charged residue, aspartate. Because the C2 domain loop faces the membrane surface, the potentially crucial role of the carboxylate group of Glu273 or Asp273 on SynGAP-membrane association cannot be fully explored via solvent-only simulations.As a minor note, the neighboring residue Arg272, which stacks with the indole ring of the Trp362 side chain and directly faces RasGTPase, forms a salt bridge more often with Asp273 than with the non-mutated Glu273 in the simulations. Regardless, due to the similar physicochemical properties of the WT and variant residues at the membrane interface, the residue swap is likely to be well tolerated.
c.821T>A	L274Q 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant L274Q is reported in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 1810279.0) and is not found in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools uniformly indicate a deleterious effect: REVEL, FoldX, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all classify the change as pathogenic, while Rosetta remains inconclusive. No tool predicts a benign outcome. High‑accuracy assessments corroborate this trend: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is likely pathogenic; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, is pathogenic. Consequently, the variant is most likely pathogenic, and this assessment does not contradict the current ClinVar status of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Uncertain		1				-15.518	Likely Pathogenic	0.995	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.774	Likely Pathogenic	2.54	Destabilizing	0.3	1.74	Ambiguous	2.14	Destabilizing	1.97	Destabilizing	-5.42	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.00	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.38	19	-2	-2	-7.3	14.97	245.9	1.8	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.2	X		X				X	Potentially Pathogenic	The aliphatic side chain of Leu274, located in a β hairpin loop (res. Glu273-Lys278) connecting two anti-parallel β sheet strands, packs against multiple hydrophobic residues facing the β sheet (e.g., Ala271, Leu327, Tyr280, Val306). The hydrophilic carboxamide group of the Gln274 side chain is not suitable for this hydrophobic niche, causing nearby residues to adjust to make room for the hydrophilic glutamine. Additionally, a new hydrogen bond forms with the backbone carboxyl group of Arg272 in another β strand (res. Glu273-Arg259).As a result, the backbone amide group of Ala399 and the carbonyl group of Arg272, which connect two β strands at the β sheet end, form fewer hydrogen bonds in the variant than in the WT simulations. Although no major secondary structure disruption is observed in the variant simulations, the residue swap could profoundly affect the C2 domain folding, as the hydrophobic packing of Leu274 is crucial for maintaining the loop's contact with the rest of the C2 domain. Lastly, because the Leu274-containing loop faces the membrane surface, the residue swap could also negatively impact the SynGAP-membrane association.
c.859G>C	D287H 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 D287H missense variant is listed in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 1700054.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that assess the variant’s effect on protein function largely agree on a deleterious outcome. Benign predictions come from FoldX, Rosetta, and Foldetta, whereas pathogenic predictions are reported by REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized; premPS remains uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments further support a pathogenic classification: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts pathogenic, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is Likely Pathogenic, and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability outputs, predicts benign. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, consistent with the ClinVar designation and not contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Likely Pathogenic		1				-14.518	Likely Pathogenic	0.999	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.589	Likely Pathogenic	0.48	Likely Benign	0.3	0.32	Likely Benign	0.40	Likely Benign	0.63	Ambiguous	-6.43	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.999	Probably Damaging	1.51	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.38	23	1	-1	0.3	22.05	235.6	3.8	0.1	1.2	0.1	0.1	X	X						Potentially Pathogenic	The carboxylate group of Asp287, located at the beginning of a β hairpin loop connecting two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Arg279-Leu286, res. Met289-Pro298), maintains a salt bridge with the guanidinium group of Arg324 in the β sheet during the WT simulations. In the variant simulations, the imidazole ring of the His287 side chain is unable to form a salt bridge with Arg324 or establish any other stable compensatory interactions, which could weaken the beta sandwich assembly of the C2 domain. This destabilization of the C2 domain could adversely affect the stability of the SynGAP-membrane association.
c.859G>T	D287Y 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 D287Y missense variant is reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 2263930.0) and is not found in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools show a split: benign calls come from FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, and premPS, whereas pathogenic calls are made by REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus. High‑accuracy assessments give a pathogenic verdict from AlphaMissense‑Optimized, a Likely Pathogenic consensus from SGM, and a benign outcome from Foldetta. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a deleterious effect. Therefore, the variant is most likely pathogenic, in agreement with its ClinVar classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Likely Pathogenic		1				-12.877	Likely Pathogenic	0.999	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.663	Likely Pathogenic	0.21	Likely Benign	0.2	0.48	Likely Benign	0.35	Likely Benign	0.27	Likely Benign	-8.27	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.999	Probably Damaging	1.51	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.38	23	-4	-3	2.2	48.09	257.8	-44.4	-0.6	1.6	0.2	0.3	X	X						Potentially Pathogenic	The carboxylate group of Asp287, located at the beginning of a β hairpin loop linking two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Arg279-Leu286, res. Met289-Pro298), maintains a salt bridge with the guanidinium group of Arg324 in the β sheet during the WT simulations. In the variant simulations, the phenol group of the Tyr287 side chain is unable to form a salt bridge with the guanidinium group of Arg324, which could weaken the tertiary structure assembly of the C2 domain. However, the phenol group of Tyr287 frequently stacks with the Arg324 guanidinium side chain, which could help maintain the tertiary structure, especially compared to the D287H variant. The destabilization of the C2 domain could adversely affect the stability of the SynGAP-membrane association.
c.860A>C	D287A 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant D287A is listed in ClinVar with an Uncertain significance status and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions include REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, and premPS, whereas pathogenic predictions are made by PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as pathogenic, SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as Likely Pathogenic, and Foldetta (integrating FoldX‑MD and Rosetta) as benign. The overall tally favors pathogenicity (8 tools vs 5 benign), but the conflicting high‑accuracy results leave uncertainty. Thus, the variant is most likely pathogenic according to the majority of predictions, which does not contradict its ClinVar Uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Uncertain		1				-14.686	Likely Pathogenic	0.996	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.484	Likely Benign	0.30	Likely Benign	0.1	-0.04	Likely Benign	0.13	Likely Benign	0.40	Likely Benign	-7.35	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.998	Probably Damaging	1.58	Pathogenic	0.01	Affected	3.38	23	-2	0	5.3	-44.01
c.862G>A	D288N 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 D288N is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 2572204.0) and is present in gnomAD (6‑33437767‑G‑A). Computational predictors are divided: benign calls come from REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, while pathogenic calls come from PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, and FATHMM; AlphaMissense‑Default is uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, Foldetta as benign, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as likely pathogenic. Because the majority of high‑accuracy tools predict benign and the overall split of predictions is even, the variant is most likely benign, which does not contradict the ClinVar status of uncertain. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Uncertain		1	6-33437767-G-A	2	1.24e-6	-10.535	Likely Pathogenic	0.521	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.321	Likely Benign	-0.39	Likely Benign	0.1	0.01	Likely Benign	-0.19	Likely Benign	-0.03	Likely Benign	-3.73	Deleterious	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.997	Probably Damaging	1.78	Pathogenic	0.05	Affected	3.38	23	1	2	0.0	-0.98
c.865A>G	M289V 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant M289V is reported in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 2122760.0) and is not present in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools largely agree on a benign effect: REVEL, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus all predict benign, while only FATHMM predicts pathogenic. High‑accuracy assessments reinforce the benign consensus: AlphaMissense‑Optimized scores benign; the SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is benign; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability outputs, also indicates benign. No prediction or stability result is inconclusive. Overall, the computational evidence strongly supports a benign classification, consistent with the ClinVar status and showing no contradiction. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	C2	Benign		1				-4.239	Likely Benign	0.117	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.150	Likely Benign	1.09	Ambiguous	0.1	-0.27	Likely Benign	0.41	Likely Benign	0.24	Likely Benign	-0.36	Neutral	0.136	Benign	0.054	Benign	1.80	Pathogenic	1.00	Tolerated	3.38	23	2	1	2.3	-32.06	204.2	51.0	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.0						X		Potentially Benign	The hydrophobic residue Met289, located in a β hairpin linking two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Met289-Arg299, res. Arg272-Leu286), is swapped for another hydrophobic residue, valine. In the variant simulations, the branched hydrocarbon side chain of Val289 packs against the phenol group of the Tyr291 side chain but is unable to form methionine-aromatic interactions. β hairpins are potential nucleation sites during the initial stages of protein folding, so even minor changes in them could be significant. However, based on the simulations, the residue swap does not cause adverse effects on the structure.
c.872A>G	Y291C 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant Y291C is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that assess pathogenicity all converge on a deleterious effect: REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all predict pathogenicity. No tool in the dataset predicts a benign outcome. High‑accuracy methods reinforce this view: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is “Likely Pathogenic”; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability calculations, is pathogenic. Based on the unanimous computational evidence, the variant is most likely pathogenic, a conclusion that contradicts the current ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Uncertain		1				-8.997	Likely Pathogenic	0.967	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.505	Likely Pathogenic	2.90	Destabilizing	0.4	3.51	Destabilizing	3.21	Destabilizing	1.35	Destabilizing	-7.37	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.999	Probably Damaging	1.76	Pathogenic	0.01	Affected	3.38	23	0	-2	3.8	-60.04	205.2	66.1	0.1	0.0	-0.4	0.4	X						X	Potentially Pathogenic	The phenol group of the Tyr291 side chain, located in an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Met289-Pro298), packs against hydrophobic residues of the C2 and PH domains (e.g., Leu317, Leu286, Leu284, Pro208, Val209). The phenol ring of Tyr291 also forms favorable Met-aromatic stacking with the methyl group of Met289. In the variant simulation, the thiol group of the Cys291 side chain is not as suitable for the hydrophobic inter-domain space as the phenol ring of Tyr291. Consequently, the structural unity of the PH domain is weakened and ultimately unfolds in the second simulation. Moreover, the residue swap might result in severe detrimental effects on the C2 domain structure and the C2-PH domain tertiary structure assembly during folding.
c.877C>T	R293C 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R293C is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 2500611.0) and is present in gnomAD (6‑33437782‑C‑T). Prediction tools that classify the variant as benign include premPS, whereas the remaining tools—REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized—predict it to be pathogenic. High‑accuracy assessments further support a deleterious effect: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is pathogenic, and the SGM Consensus (a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) is also pathogenic. Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, yields an uncertain result. Consequently, the overwhelming majority of computational evidence indicates a pathogenic impact for R293C. This prediction aligns with the ClinVar designation of uncertain significance, not contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Uncertain		1	6-33437782-C-T	3	1.86e-6	-12.844	Likely Pathogenic	0.985	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.579	Likely Pathogenic	1.38	Ambiguous	0.1	0.62	Ambiguous	1.00	Ambiguous	0.02	Likely Benign	-7.35	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.998	Probably Damaging	1.46	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.38	23	-4	-3	7.0	-53.05	226.0	96.5	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1		X		X			X	Potentially Pathogenic	The guanidinium group of the Arg293 side chain, located in an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Met289-Pro298), packs against the phenol ring of the Tyr281 side chain or forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate group of Glu283 on the outer side of the C2 domain. The positively charged guanidinium side chain of arginine is on the outside surface of the hydrophobic C2 domain, resulting in a twist in the β strand. Although this twist is maintained in the variant simulations, replacing the positively charged residue with a more hydrophobic one, such as cysteine, could remove the twist during protein folding.Because Arg293 is positioned at the C2 and PH domain interface, the residue swap could significantly impact the tertiary structure assembly. Notably, Arg293 is located at the SynGAP-Ras interface, and its role in complex formation cannot be fully understood through solvent-only simulations.
c.878G>C	R293P 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R293P is listed in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 571092.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that indicate a benign effect include REVEL and premPS, whereas the remaining tools—FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, SGM‑Consensus, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized—consistently predict a pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments further support pathogenicity: AlphaMissense‑Optimized scores the variant as Pathogenic; the SGM Consensus, derived from the majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, also reports Likely Pathogenic; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability predictions, classifies it as Pathogenic. Consequently, the variant is most likely pathogenic, and this prediction is concordant with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Likely Pathogenic		1				-16.275	Likely Pathogenic	0.999	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.497	Likely Benign	3.62	Destabilizing	0.4	9.06	Destabilizing	6.34	Destabilizing	0.47	Likely Benign	-6.43	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.999	Probably Damaging	1.45	Pathogenic	0.01	Affected	3.38	23	0	-2	2.9	-59.07	202.3	132.0	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	X	X		X				Potentially Pathogenic	The guanidinium group of the Arg293 side chain, located in an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Met289-Pro298), packs against the phenol ring of the Tyr281 side chain or forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate group of Glu283 on the outer side of the C2 domain. In the WT simulations, the positively charged side chain of arginine remains outside the hydrophobic C2 domain, resulting in a twist in the β strand. The backbone amide bond of Arg293 potentially maintains this twist by forming a hydrogen bond with the carbonyl group of His210 or the hydroxyl group of Ser211 in the anti-parallel β sheet.Although this twist is also maintained in the variant simulations, replacing the positively charged residue with proline, which lacks the backbone amide group altogether, causes the β strand to unfold. Because Arg293 is positioned at the C2 and PH domain interface, the residue swap could significantly impact the tertiary structure assembly. Notably, Arg293 is located at the SynGAP-Ras interface, and its role in complex formation cannot be fully understood through solvent-only simulations.
c.910G>A	D304N 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant D304N is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and FATHMM, while AlphaMissense‑Default remains uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM Consensus (derived from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) as pathogenic, and Foldetta as benign. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		C2	Uncertain		1				-6.194	Likely Benign	0.391	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.345	Likely Benign	0.30	Likely Benign	0.1	-0.08	Likely Benign	0.11	Likely Benign	0.21	Likely Benign	-4.18	Deleterious	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.997	Probably Damaging	1.81	Pathogenic	0.03	Affected	3.38	23	1	2	0.0	-0.98
c.917T>A	V306D 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant V306D is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. All available in‑silico predictors that were evaluated return a pathogenic or likely‑pathogenic assessment: REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. No tool in the dataset predicts a benign effect. High‑accuracy methods reinforce this view: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is “Likely Pathogenic”; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability outputs, is pathogenic. Based on the unanimous pathogenic predictions, the variant is most likely pathogenic, and this conclusion does not contradict the current ClinVar status of uncertainty. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Uncertain		1				-18.289	Likely Pathogenic	0.986	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.530	Likely Pathogenic	4.40	Destabilizing	0.3	4.29	Destabilizing	4.35	Destabilizing	2.44	Destabilizing	-5.44	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.999	Probably Damaging	1.74	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.38	19	-2	-3	-7.7	15.96	212.3	-18.3	-0.2	0.4	0.0	0.2	X		X				X	Potentially Pathogenic	The isopropyl group of Val396, located at the beginning of an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Thr305-Asn315), packs against multiple hydrophobic residues (e.g., Leu274, Trp308, Ala271) in the WT simulations. However, in the variant simulations, the negatively charged carboxylate group of the Asp306 side chain is not suitable for this hydrophobic niche. Consequently, the side chain moves out to interact with Ser300 in the β strand (res. Met289-Arg299) and the guanidinium group of Arg299 in the β hairpin loop.In the third simulation, the residue swap disrupts the C2 domain secondary structure and tertiary assembly to a large degree when the amino group of the Lys297 side chain rotates to form a salt bridge with Asp306. This drastic effect could potentially reflect the challenge presented by the residue swap during the C2 domain folding. Because the residue swap affects the C2 domain structure, the SynGAP-membrane association could also be impacted. However, this is beyond the scope of the solvent-only simulations to unravel.
c.922T>C	W308R 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant W308R is listed in ClinVar (ID 391294.0) as Pathogenic and is not reported in gnomAD. All available in‑silico predictors classify the change as pathogenic: REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. No tool predicts a benign effect. High‑accuracy assessments confirm this: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts Pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) yields Likely Pathogenic; and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) predicts Pathogenic. Thus, the variant is most likely pathogenic, and this prediction aligns with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Pathogenic		1				-12.264	Likely Pathogenic	1.000	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.868	Likely Pathogenic	5.40	Destabilizing	0.5	4.27	Destabilizing	4.84	Destabilizing	1.88	Destabilizing	-12.87	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.48	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.38	19	2	-3	-3.6	-30.03	290.4	-26.7	-0.1	0.1	0.0	0.2	X		X				X	Potentially Pathogenic	The indole ring of Trp308, located in an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Thr305-Asn315), packs against multiple hydrophobic residues (e.g., Ile268, Val306, Cys282). The indole group of Trp308 also hydrogen bonds with the backbone atoms of the C2 domain residues forming the anti-parallel β sheet (e.g., Tyr280, Thr294). The guanidinium group of Arg308 is comparably sized to the tryptophan it replaced; however, it is also positively charged.In the variant simulations, the charged side chain remains buried deep in the hydrophobic part of the C2 domain, where it forms new hydrogen bonds with the backbone carbonyl atoms of surrounding residues (e.g., Val306, Ile268). However, the residue swap is likely to disrupt the hydrophobic packing during folding. At a minimum, the residue swap could affect the C2 domain stability and membrane association.
c.924G>C	W308C 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant W308C is listed in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 981381.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that assess functional impact uniformly indicate a deleterious effect: REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all classify the variant as pathogenic. No tool predicts a benign outcome. High‑accuracy assessments corroborate this: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) yields “Likely Pathogenic”; and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) also predicts pathogenic. Thus, the variant is most likely pathogenic, and this prediction aligns with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Pathogenic/Likely path.		2				-12.791	Likely Pathogenic	1.000	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.738	Likely Pathogenic	5.56	Destabilizing	0.3	4.38	Destabilizing	4.97	Destabilizing	1.26	Destabilizing	-11.95	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.48	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.38	19	-8	-2	3.4	-83.07	230.8	60.5	-0.3	0.1	-0.4	0.4							X	Potentially Pathogenic	The indole ring of Trp308, located in an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Thr305-Asn315), packs against multiple hydrophobic residues (e.g., Ile268, Val306, Cys282). The indole group of Trp308 also hydrogen bonds with the backbone atoms of the C2 domain residues forming the anti-parallel β sheet (e.g., Tyr280, Thr294). The introduced Cys308 is smaller than the tryptophan it replaced. The thiol group of the Cys308 side chain is well-suited for the inner hydrophobic part of the C2 domain. Although the negative effects are essentially missing from the simulations, the side chain size difference between the residues is likely to disrupt the hydrophobic packing during folding. At a minimum, the residue swap could affect the C2 domain stability and membrane association.
c.928G>A	E310K 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant E310K is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that assess pathogenicity all return a deleterious signal: REVEL, FoldX (uncertain), Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all predict pathogenic or likely pathogenic. No tool in the dataset predicts a benign effect. High‑accuracy assessments reinforce this view: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is “Likely Pathogenic”; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, is pathogenic. Consequently, the variant is most likely pathogenic based on the available predictions, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Conflicting		4				-14.601	Likely Pathogenic	0.997	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.764	Likely Pathogenic	1.97	Ambiguous	1.2	3.66	Destabilizing	2.82	Destabilizing	1.02	Destabilizing	-3.68	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.995	Probably Damaging	1.19	Pathogenic	0.01	Affected	3.38	19	0	1	-0.4	-0.94	213.4	58.0	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.1		X						Potentially Pathogenic	The carboxylate group of Glu310, located in an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Thr305-Asn315), is ideally positioned to interact with the side chain hydroxyl and backbone amide groups of Thr295 on a twisted anti-parallel β strand (res. Met289-Arg299). Because the carboxylate group can also interact with the GAP domain residues (e.g., Gln612, Tyr614), Glu310 plays a key role in maintaining the tertiary assembly between the C2 and GAP domains. In the variant simulations, the amino group of the Lys310 side chain hydrogen bonds with the GAP domain residues and forms a salt bridge with Glu613. Although no apparent negative effects are seen due to the residue swap, it is possible that the loss of hydrogen bonding with the hydroxyl group of the Thr295 side chain causes problems during folding, potentially compromising the twisting of the β sheet.
c.929A>G	E310G 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant E310G is listed in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 2732842.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that assess the variant’s effect largely agree on a deleterious outcome: REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all predict pathogenicity, while only premPS predicts a benign effect. High‑accuracy assessments reinforce this view: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) is pathogenic; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability outputs, also predicts pathogenicity. Consequently, the variant is most likely pathogenic, and this prediction is consistent with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Pathogenic		1				-14.132	Likely Pathogenic	0.995	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.848	Likely Pathogenic	2.38	Destabilizing	0.7	3.56	Destabilizing	2.97	Destabilizing	0.36	Likely Benign	-6.43	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.996	Probably Damaging	1.12	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.38	19	-2	0	3.1	-72.06
c.930G>C	E310D 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 E310D is reported in ClinVar (ID 975473.0) as Pathogenic and is not found in gnomAD. Prediction tools that assess the variant’s effect all converge on a deleterious outcome: REVEL, FoldX (uncertain), Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all indicate pathogenicity, leaving no tool in the benign category. High‑accuracy methods reinforce this view: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts Pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is Likely Pathogenic; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, also reports Pathogenic. The single uncertain result from FoldX is treated as unavailable. Overall, the variant is most likely pathogenic, and this assessment is consistent with its ClinVar classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Likely Pathogenic		1				-11.218	Likely Pathogenic	0.994	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.666	Likely Pathogenic	1.87	Ambiguous	0.5	2.39	Destabilizing	2.13	Destabilizing	1.04	Destabilizing	-2.76	Deleterious	0.997	Probably Damaging	0.992	Probably Damaging	1.19	Pathogenic	0.02	Affected	3.38	19	3	2	0.0	-14.03	232.6	27.2	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1						X		Potentially Benign	The carboxylate group of Glu310, located in an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Thr305-Asn315), is ideally positioned to interact with the hydroxyl and backbone amide groups of Thr295 on a twisted anti-parallel β strand. Because the carboxylate group can also interact with the GAP domain residues (e.g., Gln612, Tyr614), Glu310 potentially plays a key role in maintaining the tertiary assembly between the C2 and GAP domains. In the variant simulations, the carboxylate group of Asp310 can form the same interactions as glutamate; however, due to its one hydrocarbon shorter length, the connections are less stable or less optimal.
c.953C>T	P318L 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant P318L is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 956570.0) and is present in gnomAD (6‑33437858‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect are Rosetta and premPS. The remaining tools—REVEL, SGM‑Consensus, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized—consistently predict a pathogenic impact. High‑accuracy assessments further support this view: AlphaMissense‑Optimized reports pathogenic, and the SGM‑Consensus (a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) indicates a likely pathogenic outcome. Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability outputs, is inconclusive. Taken together, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect for P318L, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Uncertain		3	6-33437858-C-T	3	1.86e-6	-10.090	Likely Pathogenic	0.958	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.624	Likely Pathogenic	1.33	Ambiguous	0.1	0.26	Likely Benign	0.80	Ambiguous	0.43	Likely Benign	-8.96	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.999	Probably Damaging	1.82	Pathogenic	0.03	Affected	3.38	23	-3	-3	5.4	16.04	228.6	-68.9	-0.7	0.7	-0.4	0.1						X		Potentially Benign	The cyclic five-membered pyrrolidine ring of Pro318, located in a β hairpin loop linking two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Asp330-Ala322, res. Thr305-Asn315), packs against the hydrophobic side chain of Ile205 at the end of the anti-parallel β sheet in the PH domain. In the variant simulations, the iso-butyl side chain of Leu318 is unable to do the same, potentially weakening the PH and C2 domain association. Importantly, the residue swap could also affect loop formation during folding, as proline can make tighter turns than leucine. Because the residue swap could affect the C2 domain stability, it could also negatively impact the SynGAP-membrane association.
c.958G>A	V320I 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant V320I is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that uniformly indicate a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Only FATHMM predicts a pathogenic outcome, while Rosetta remains inconclusive. High‑accuracy assessments corroborate the benign trend: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is “Likely Benign”; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, also predicts benign. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a benign effect for V320I, and this conclusion does not conflict with the current ClinVar designation of uncertainty. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	C2	Uncertain		1				-5.220	Likely Benign	0.111	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.027	Likely Benign	-0.27	Likely Benign	0.2	0.66	Ambiguous	0.20	Likely Benign	0.01	Likely Benign	-0.21	Neutral	0.198	Benign	0.114	Benign	1.77	Pathogenic	0.45	Tolerated	3.38	23	3	4	0.3	14.03
c.958G>C	V320L 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant V320L is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33437863‑G‑C). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv and FATHMM. Predictions that are inconclusive are Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, and AlphaMissense‑Default. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as benign, and Foldetta as uncertain. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact. This conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar status, which remains uncertain. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		C2	Uncertain		1	6-33437863-G-C	6	3.72e-6	-6.207	Likely Benign	0.362	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.096	Likely Benign	-0.26	Likely Benign	0.2	1.33	Ambiguous	0.54	Ambiguous	0.51	Ambiguous	-1.02	Neutral	0.900	Possibly Damaging	0.373	Benign	1.78	Pathogenic	0.92	Tolerated	3.38	23	2	1	-0.4	14.03	245.8	-10.2	0.3	0.9	0.1	0.3						X		Potentially Benign	The isopropyl side chain of Val310, located in a β hairpin loop linking two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Thr305-Asn315, res. Ala322-Asp330), hydrophobically packs with the side chains of nearby residues (e.g., Leu286, Val350, Pro318). The hydrophobic Leu320 side chain mostly forms the same interactions; hence, the residue swap does not seem to negatively affect the protein structure based on the variant simulations.
c.961C>T	R321C 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R321C is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33437866‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, premPS, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Those that agree on a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, and FATHMM. Five tools (SGM‑Consensus, FoldX, Rosetta, AlphaMissense‑Default, and Foldetta) report uncertain or inconclusive results. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) as pathogenic, and Foldetta as uncertain. Overall, the majority of predictions (six out of eleven) support a pathogenic impact, while three support benign and five are inconclusive. Thus, the variant is most likely pathogenic based on current computational evidence, and this does not contradict its ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Conflicting		2	6-33437866-C-T	9	5.58e-6	-10.025	Likely Pathogenic	0.387	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.495	Likely Benign	0.57	Ambiguous	0.1	0.56	Ambiguous	0.57	Ambiguous	0.18	Likely Benign	-4.59	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.998	Probably Damaging	1.89	Pathogenic	0.01	Affected	3.38	23	-3	-4	7.0	-53.05
c.962G>A	R321H 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R321H is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33437867‑G‑A). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, PROVEAN, SIFT, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic outcome are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, and FATHMM, while premPS remains uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, Foldetta as benign, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is inconclusive due to a 2‑to‑2 split. Overall, the majority of predictions support a benign impact, and this consensus does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		C2	Uncertain		1	6-33437867-G-A	8	4.96e-6	-8.751	Likely Pathogenic	0.136	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.323	Likely Benign	0.48	Likely Benign	0.1	-0.36	Likely Benign	0.06	Likely Benign	0.59	Ambiguous	-1.43	Neutral	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.998	Probably Damaging	1.92	Pathogenic	0.25	Tolerated	3.38	23	2	0	1.3	-19.05	218.5	86.9	1.1	0.0	0.3	0.0						X		Potentially Benign	The guanidinium group of Arg321, located in a β hairpin loop linking two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Thr305-Asn315, res. Ala322-Asp330), faces outward without forming any stable interactions in the WT simulations. Similarly, in the variant simulations, the imidazole ring of His321 also points outward without making any stable intra-protein interactions. Thus, the residue swap does not seem to cause adverse effects on the protein structure based on the simulations. However, β hairpins are potential nucleation sites during the initial stages of protein folding, so even minor changes in them could be significant.
c.980T>C	L327P 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant L327P (ClinVar ID 660421.0) is reported as Pathogenic and is not present in gnomAD. Prediction tools that assess functional impact uniformly indicate a deleterious effect: REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all classify the variant as pathogenic. No tool predicts a benign outcome. High‑accuracy assessments corroborate this: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) yields a Likely Pathogenic verdict; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability calculations, also reports pathogenic. Consequently, the variant is most likely pathogenic, and this prediction aligns with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Pathogenic		3				-16.602	Likely Pathogenic	0.999	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.658	Likely Pathogenic	5.38	Destabilizing	0.1	4.00	Destabilizing	4.69	Destabilizing	2.62	Destabilizing	-5.97	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.999	Probably Damaging	1.52	Pathogenic	0.01	Affected	3.38	23	-3	-3	-5.4	-16.04	221.7	69.4	0.1	0.0	0.6	0.1	X							Potentially Pathogenic	The backbone amide group of Leu327, located in the middle of an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Ala322-Asp330), forms a hydrogen bond with the carbonyl group of Gly344 on a neighboring β strand (res. Lys336-Pro349) in the WT simulations. In contrast, in the variant simulations, the introduction of Pro327 destabilizes the hydrogen bonding between the two anti-parallel β strands because proline lacks the backbone amide group altogether. Additionally, in the WT simulations, the iso-butyl side chain of Leu327 packs against multiple hydrophobic residues (e.g., Leu274, V400, Val343), whereas the less bulky cyclic five-membered pyrrolidine ring of Pro327 cannot fill the same space as effectively. Thus, although no large-scale unfolding is observed during the variant simulations, the residue swap is likely to cause severe problems for the correct C2 domain folding, which could also affect the SynGAP-membrane association.	10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.11.011
c.1066C>T	R356C 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R356C is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 469145.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33437971‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions from REVEL and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and pathogenic predictions from PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM‑Consensus score. Uncertain results are reported by FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, and premPS. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as pathogenic, and Foldetta as inconclusive. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, contradicting the ClinVar benign classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Likely Benign		1	6-33437971-C-T	5	3.10e-6	-11.827	Likely Pathogenic	0.774	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.312	Likely Benign	0.76	Ambiguous	0.0	1.19	Ambiguous	0.98	Ambiguous	0.84	Ambiguous	-7.12	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.990	Probably Damaging	1.67	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.39	22	-4	-3	7.0	-53.05	212.3	91.0	-0.1	0.3	-0.3	0.1		X						Potentially Pathogenic	Arg356 is located in a loop that includes a short helical section and connects two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Gly341-Pro349, res. Thr359-Pro364). In the WT simulations, the guanidinium group of Arg356 alternately forms salt bridges with the carboxylate groups of the GAP domain residues, Glu446 and Glu698. Arg356 also forms hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl group of the GAP domain residue Thr691 and interacts with Met409 at the C2-GAP interface.In the variant simulations, the Cys356 mutation fails to maintain any of the Arg356 interactions and only occasionally forms weak hydrogen bonds with nearby C2 domain residues (e.g., Gln407). Although no negative structural effects are observed during the simulations, Arg356 is located at the C2 and GAP domain interface, making the residue swap potentially detrimental to the tertiary structure assembly.
c.1067G>A	R356H 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R356H is recorded in ClinVar as benign (ClinVar ID 2984966.0) and is present in the gnomAD database (6‑33437972‑G‑A). Prediction tools that indicate a benign effect include REVEL, Rosetta, Foldetta, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Those that predict a pathogenic effect comprise premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Default, with the SGM‑Consensus also labeling it likely pathogenic. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) as benign. Overall, the majority of predictions support a pathogenic impact, which contradicts the ClinVar benign classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Likely Benign		1	6-33437972-G-A	9	5.66e-6	-11.453	Likely Pathogenic	0.614	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.314	Likely Benign	0.59	Ambiguous	0.1	-0.27	Likely Benign	0.16	Likely Benign	1.17	Destabilizing	-4.43	Deleterious	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.987	Probably Damaging	1.70	Pathogenic	0.01	Affected	3.39	22	0	2	1.3	-19.05
c.1084T>C	W362R 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant W362R (ClinVar ID 41461.0) is listed as Pathogenic and is not reported in gnomAD. All available in silico predictors classify the variant as pathogenic: REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. No tool predicts a benign effect. High‑accuracy assessments concur: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts Pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) indicates Likely Pathogenic; and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) reports Pathogenic. Thus, the variant is most likely pathogenic, and this prediction aligns with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Pathogenic		2				-14.004	Likely Pathogenic	1.000	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.706	Likely Pathogenic	2.64	Destabilizing	0.3	3.90	Destabilizing	3.27	Destabilizing	1.10	Destabilizing	-12.87	Deleterious	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.996	Probably Damaging	1.28	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.39	24	2	-3	-3.6	-30.03	287.5	-34.1	-0.2	0.1	-0.6	0.2	X			X			X	Potentially Pathogenic	The indole ring of Trp362, located on the surface of an anti-parallel β sheet (res. Thr359-Pro364) in the C2 domain, stacks with nearby residues (e.g., Arg401, Arg272). In the variant simulations, the guanidinium group of the introduced residue Arg362 forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate group of Glu273 and, like Trp362, stacks with other arginine residues (e.g., Arg401, Arg272). This residue is at both the C2-membrane interface and the C2-RasGTPase interface, so the residue swap could potentially affect both interactions. However, these phenomena cannot be addressed using solvent-only simulations. Notably, Arg272, which stacks with both the non-mutated Trp362 and the mutated Arg362, forms a salt bridge directly with Asp105 of Ras in the WT simulations. Therefore, the residue swap could affect the C2 domain stability, the SynGAP-membrane association, and the SynGAP-Ras association.	10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.11.011
c.1423C>T	R475W 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R475W is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33438455‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include only Foldetta, whereas the remaining tools (REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM Consensus) uniformly predict a pathogenic impact; FoldX, Rosetta, and premPS are inconclusive. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as pathogenic, the SGM Consensus as likely pathogenic, and Foldetta as benign. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification but suggests that the variant is more likely pathogenic rather than benign. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Uncertain		1	6-33438455-C-T	1	6.20e-7	-13.235	Likely Pathogenic	0.962	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.725	Likely Pathogenic	1.44	Ambiguous	0.4	-0.92	Ambiguous	0.26	Likely Benign	0.56	Ambiguous	-7.56	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.995	Probably Damaging	-1.45	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.39	28	2	-3	3.6	30.03	266.9	39.6	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	X	X		X				Potentially Pathogenic	In the WT simulations, the guanidinium group of Arg475, located near the end of an α-helix (res. Ala461-Phe476), stacks with the phenyl ring of Phe476 and forms a salt bridge with Glu472. Additionally, Arg475 occasionally forms another salt bridge with the carboxylate group of Glu486 on the α-α loop connecting the two α-helices (res. Ala461-Phe476 and Leu489-Glu519) at the GAP-Ras interface. Therefore, Arg475 potentially plays a key role in positioning the loop by interacting with Glu486, which is necessary for the positioning of the “arginine finger” (Arg485) and, ultimately, for RasGTPase activation.In the variant simulations, Trp475 moves and stacks with Arg479 on the proceeding α-α loop, disrupting the terminal end of the α-helix. Lastly, the potential effect of the residue swap on the SynGAP-Ras complex formation or GTPase activation cannot be fully addressed using the SynGAP solvent-only simulations.
c.1424G>A	R475Q 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R475Q is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6-33438456‑G‑A). Prediction tools that indicate a benign effect include AlphaMissense‑Optimized, Foldetta, and Rosetta. Those that predict a pathogenic effect comprise SGM Consensus, SIFT, PolyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), REVEL, PROVEAN, ESM1b, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Default; FoldX and premPS are inconclusive. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as pathogenic, and Foldetta as benign. Overall, the majority of evidence points toward a pathogenic impact, which contrasts with the ClinVar designation of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Uncertain		2	6-33438456-G-A	5	3.10e-6	-12.087	Likely Pathogenic	0.721	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.632	Likely Pathogenic	0.71	Ambiguous	0.1	0.12	Likely Benign	0.42	Likely Benign	0.82	Ambiguous	-3.65	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.991	Probably Damaging	-1.32	Pathogenic	0.01	Affected	3.39	28	1	1	1.0	-28.06	253.6	52.7	0.0	0.0	-0.8	0.0	X	X		X				Potentially Pathogenic	In the WT simulations, the guanidinium group of Arg475, located near the end of an α-helix (res. Ala461-Phe476), stacks with the phenyl ring of Phe476 and forms a salt bridge with Glu472. Additionally, Arg475 occasionally forms another salt bridge with the carboxylate group of Glu486 on the α-α loop connecting the two α-helices (res. Ala461-Phe476 and Leu489-Glu519) at the GAP-Ras interface. Therefore, Arg475 potentially plays a key role in positioning the loop by interacting with Glu486, which is necessary for the positioning of the “arginine finger” (Arg485) and, ultimately, for RasGTPase activation. In the variant simulations, Asn475 forms a hydrogen bond with Arg479 on the proceeding α-α loop. The absence of Phe476/Arg475 stacking and the Arg475-Glu472 salt bridge weakens the integrity of the terminal end of the α-helix during the variant simulations. Lastly, the potential effect of the residue swap on the SynGAP-Ras complex formation or GTPase activation cannot be fully addressed using the SynGAP solvent-only simulations.
c.1436G>A	R479Q 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R479Q is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” significance and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33438468‑G‑A). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, premPS, PROVEAN, SIFT, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (Likely Benign). In contrast, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv and HumVar both predict a pathogenic impact. Uncertain or inconclusive results come from FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, and ESM1b. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM‑Consensus also as likely benign, while Foldetta remains uncertain. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign effect, and this consensus does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” status; thus the variant is most likely benign based on current predictions. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	GAP	Uncertain		1	6-33438468-G-A	7	4.34e-6	-7.109	In-Between	0.259	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.191	Likely Benign	0.54	Ambiguous	0.1	0.57	Ambiguous	0.56	Ambiguous	0.49	Likely Benign	-1.16	Neutral	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.991	Probably Damaging	3.42	Benign	0.31	Tolerated	3.39	32	1	1	1.0	-28.06
c.1964T>A	L655Q 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant L655Q is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools largely agree on a benign effect: REVEL, FoldX, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) all indicate benign or likely benign. Only the two polyPhen‑2 implementations (HumDiv and HumVar) predict pathogenicity, while Rosetta remains inconclusive. High‑accuracy assessments reinforce the benign consensus: AlphaMissense‑Optimized scores benign, the SGM‑Consensus is likely benign, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) predicts benign stability. Overall, the majority of evidence supports a benign impact for L655Q, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	GAP	Uncertain		1				-5.278	Likely Benign	0.144	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.139	Likely Benign	-0.01	Likely Benign	0.0	0.69	Ambiguous	0.34	Likely Benign	-0.15	Likely Benign	0.61	Neutral	0.955	Possibly Damaging	0.602	Possibly Damaging	3.59	Benign	0.65	Tolerated	3.39	24	-2	-2	-7.3	14.97	229.9	-8.6	0.0	0.0	0.4	0.0						X		Potentially Benign	The iso-butyl side chain of Leu655, located on the surface of an α helix (res. Ser641-Glu666), is not involved in any interactions in the WT simulations. In the variant simulations, the carboxamide side chain of Gln655 dynamically interacts with neighboring residues (e.g., Glu651, Glu656, Arg544) on the protein surface, with no negative structural effects.
c.1966G>C	E656Q 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant E656Q is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33441225‑G‑C). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic outcome are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default; Rosetta reports an uncertain result. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, Foldetta as benign, while the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is inconclusive due to a 2‑2 split. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign effect, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		GAP	Uncertain		1	6-33441225-G-C	1	6.20e-7	-9.145	Likely Pathogenic	0.766	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.249	Likely Benign	-0.14	Likely Benign	0.0	-0.81	Ambiguous	-0.48	Likely Benign	0.25	Likely Benign	-2.29	Neutral	0.980	Probably Damaging	0.528	Possibly Damaging	3.46	Benign	0.02	Affected	3.39	24	2	2	0.0	-0.98	224.3	1.7	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0		X						Potentially Benign	The carboxylate side chain of Glu656, located on an α helix (res. Ser641-Glu666), frequently forms a hydrogen bond with the nearby residue Ser659 on the same α helix. In the variant simulations, the carboxamide side chain of Gln656 alternatively forms a hydrogen bond with either Ser659 or Glu548 on an opposing helix (res. Ala533-Val560).Although the frequent interaction between Gln656 and Glu548 may strengthen or stabilize the tertiary structure assembly, the effect is likely to be marginal.
c.1970G>T	W657L 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant W657L is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 2767440.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, and FATHMM. Tools that agree on a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. Uncertain predictions come from Foldetta, premPS, and Rosetta. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts pathogenicity, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) also predicts pathogenic, and Foldetta predicts a benign folding‑stability change. Overall, the majority of evidence points toward a pathogenic impact, which is consistent with the ClinVar uncertain status but leans toward pathogenic rather than benign. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Uncertain		1				-14.411	Likely Pathogenic	0.960	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.213	Likely Benign	0.14	Likely Benign	0.1	0.73	Ambiguous	0.44	Likely Benign	0.87	Ambiguous	-10.86	Deleterious	0.277	Benign	0.078	Benign	3.52	Benign	0.14	Tolerated	3.39	24	-2	-2	4.7	-73.05
c.1973G>A	G658D 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant G658D is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (ID 6-33441232‑G‑A). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, premPS, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Only PROVEAN predicts a pathogenic outcome, while Rosetta, Foldetta, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default are inconclusive. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign; the SGM consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is inconclusive, and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta, is also inconclusive. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a benign effect, and this does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		GAP	Uncertain		1	6-33441232-G-A	3	1.86e-6	-7.786	In-Between	0.442	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.144	Likely Benign	-0.40	Likely Benign	0.1	-0.59	Ambiguous	-0.50	Ambiguous	0.46	Likely Benign	-2.64	Deleterious	0.008	Benign	0.005	Benign	3.53	Benign	0.38	Tolerated	3.39	24	1	-1	-3.1	58.04	219.8	-84.3	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.1						X		Potentially Pathogenic	Gly658, located on the outer surface of an α helix (res. Ser641-Glu666), weakens the helix integrity at that spot, which is necessary for the kink in the middle of the long helix. In the variant simulations, the carboxylic acid side chain of Asp658 is on the surface of the α helix and is not involved in any interactions. However, aspartate is not as effective a breaker of the secondary structure element as glycine, which may lead to misfolding.
c.745G>A	A249T 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant A249T is listed in ClinVar (ID 1031675.0) with an uncertain significance annotation and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, premPS, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, and FATHMM, whereas polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and AlphaMissense‑Default predict a pathogenic outcome. Predictions that are inconclusive are FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as uncertain, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as likely benign, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta) as uncertain. Overall, the balance of evidence favors a benign interpretation, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	PH	Uncertain		1				-3.564	Likely Benign	0.805	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.487	Likely Benign	1.50	Ambiguous	0.6	1.39	Ambiguous	1.45	Ambiguous	0.30	Likely Benign	-0.96	Neutral	0.990	Probably Damaging	0.815	Possibly Damaging	5.65	Benign	0.40	Tolerated	3.39	15	1	0	-2.5	30.03	214.5	-43.3	0.0	0.0	0.5	0.2						X		Potentially Benign	The methyl group of Ala249, located on the surface of an α helix (res. Ala236-Val250) facing an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Ile205-Val209), packs against nearby hydrophobic residues such as Leu200, Leu246, and Val250. In the variant simulations, the hydroxyl group of Thr249, which is not suitable for hydrophobic packing, forms a stable hydrogen bond with the backbone carbonyl of Asn245 in the same helix. Although this interaction could theoretically weaken the structural integrity of the α helix, this destabilizing effect is not observed in the variant simulations.
c.762G>C	K254N 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant K254N is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that classify the variant as benign include polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and FATHMM. The majority of other in silico predictors—REVEL, premPS, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN)—indicate a pathogenic effect. Stability‑based methods FoldX, Rosetta, and Foldetta returned uncertain results and are therefore not considered evidence for or against pathogenicity. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as pathogenic, the SGM‑Consensus as likely pathogenic, and Foldetta as unavailable. Overall, the preponderance of evidence supports a pathogenic classification, which contradicts the current ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	PH	Uncertain		1				-13.306	Likely Pathogenic	0.999	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.757	Likely Pathogenic	0.73	Ambiguous	0.2	1.87	Ambiguous	1.30	Ambiguous	1.19	Destabilizing	-4.23	Deleterious	0.384	Benign	0.070	Benign	5.93	Benign	0.01	Affected	3.39	15	1	0	0.4	-14.07	215.3	-21.0	-1.0	1.7	0.2	0.3		X						Potentially Pathogenic	The amino group of Lys254, located in an α-β loop connecting the PH and C2 domains (res. Lys251-Arg258), forms salt bridges with the carboxylate groups of Glu244 and Asp684. Since the neutral carboxamide group of the Asn254 side chain cannot form salt bridges with acidic residues, the residue swap potentially weakens the tertiary structure assembly and/or influences the loop positioning. Regardless, in both the variant and WT simulations, all hydrogen bonds formed by the residue’s side chain were broken, and the residue rotated outwards. The partially α helical conformation of the loop, which extends to a nearby α helix (res. Met414-Asn426), is dynamic, making it unclear if the mutation affects it.
c.767A>G	N256S 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant N256S is listed in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 2584352.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools show a split: benign calls come from FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, and FATHMM, while pathogenic calls come from SGM‑Consensus, REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The high‑accuracy subset gives AlphaMissense‑Optimized as Uncertain, SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as Pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) as Benign. Overall, the majority of predictions support a pathogenic effect, aligning with the ClinVar classification. Therefore, the variant is most likely pathogenic, and this assessment does not contradict the ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Likely Pathogenic		1				-10.640	Likely Pathogenic	0.950	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.707	Likely Pathogenic	0.31	Likely Benign	0.2	0.36	Likely Benign	0.34	Likely Benign	0.48	Likely Benign	-4.33	Deleterious	0.997	Probably Damaging	0.970	Probably Damaging	5.87	Benign	0.02	Affected	3.39	15	1	1	2.7	-27.03
c.772C>T	R258C 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 R258C missense variant is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33437677‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include only FATHMM. All other evaluated predictors—REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN)—indicate a pathogenic or likely pathogenic impact. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as uncertain, the SGM‑Consensus as likely pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) as uncertain. Based on the preponderance of pathogenic predictions, the variant is most likely pathogenic, which does not contradict its current ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Uncertain		1	6-33437677-C-T	1	6.20e-7	-10.285	Likely Pathogenic	0.790	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.771	Likely Pathogenic	1.17	Ambiguous	0.4	1.76	Ambiguous	1.47	Ambiguous	0.87	Ambiguous	-6.79	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.993	Probably Damaging	5.77	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.39	15	-3	-4	7.0	-53.05
c.773G>A	R258H 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R258H is listed as Benign in ClinVar (ID 949697.0) and is present in gnomAD (6‑33437678‑G‑A). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include FATHMM and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Those that predict a pathogenic effect are REVEL, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and ESM1b. Uncertain calls come from FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The high‑accuracy consensus (SGM) derived from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN yields a pathogenic verdict. AlphaMissense‑Optimized remains benign, while Foldetta is inconclusive. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a pathogenic impact, which contradicts the ClinVar benign classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		C2	Benign/Likely benign		3	6-33437678-G-A	10	6.20e-6	-10.533	Likely Pathogenic	0.525	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.830	Likely Pathogenic	1.60	Ambiguous	0.6	1.00	Ambiguous	1.30	Ambiguous	1.47	Destabilizing	-4.06	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.991	Probably Damaging	5.77	Benign	0.01	Affected	3.39	15	2	0	1.3	-19.05	212.5	81.8	0.1	0.0	-0.5	0.2		X						Potentially Pathogenic	The guanidinium group of Arg258, located at the end of an α-β loop connecting the PH domain to the C2 domain (res. Lys251-Arg258), forms hydrogen bonds with the carboxamide groups of Asn727 and Asn729 side chains, as well as with the backbone carbonyl groups of Ala724, Leu725, and Asn727 in the WT simulations. Although the imidazole group of His258 can act as a hydrogen bond donor/acceptor, the swapped residue is unable to maintain an equally well-coordinated hydrogen bond network for linking the C2 and GAP domains in the variant simulations.
c.775C>T	R259W 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R259W is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 2014570.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect are limited to FATHMM, whereas the remaining evaluated algorithms—REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus—consistently predict a pathogenic impact. Uncertain results are reported by FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, and premPS. High‑accuracy assessments further support pathogenicity: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is pathogenic; the SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is pathogenic; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability calculations, remains inconclusive. Overall, the preponderance of evidence indicates that R259W is most likely pathogenic, a conclusion that does not contradict the current ClinVar status of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Uncertain		1				-12.186	Likely Pathogenic	0.985	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.691	Likely Pathogenic	1.95	Ambiguous	0.8	0.51	Ambiguous	1.23	Ambiguous	0.51	Ambiguous	-7.35	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.993	Probably Damaging	5.76	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.39	15	2	-3	3.6	30.03	254.0	40.0	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.4	X	X					X	Potentially Pathogenic	The guanidinium group of Arg259, located at the beginning of an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Arg259-Arg272), forms salt bridges with the carboxylate groups of Asp684 at the end of an α helix (res. Ile683-Gln702, GAP domain) and Asp261 on the same β strand. The Arg259 side chain also frequently forms hydrogen bonds with the backbone carbonyl groups of Ser257, Asn256, and Asp255. In the variant simulations, the indole ring of the Trp259 side chain cannot form salt bridges or maintain hydrogen bonding with the carboxylate group of Asp684 or other nearby residues. Notably, the amino group of the Lys254 side chain maintains a salt bridge with Asp684 and Glu244 throughout the variant simulations, while it forms a cation-π bond with the indole ring of Trp259 in the variant. This salt bridge is not maintained in the WT simulations. Additionally, the partially or loosely α helical conformation of a lysine-containing loop (res. Lys251-Ser257), which extends to a nearby α helix (res. Met414-Asn426), could be stabilized due to the residue swap. Moreover, the bulky size of the Trp259 side chain requires nearby residues to adjust their positioning to accommodate the introduced residue, weakening the tertiary structure assembly between the C2, PH, and GAP domains. The residue swap potentially causes more severe effects during protein folding or for the SynGAP-membrane interaction than the solvent-only simulations imply.
c.835C>T	R279W 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R279W is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 1204186.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that indicate a benign effect include only REVEL, whereas the remaining pathogenic‑predicating tools—FoldX, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM‑Consensus—consistently predict a deleterious impact. Uncertain or inconclusive results come from Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as uncertain, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as pathogenic, and Foldetta as uncertain. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect for R279W, which contrasts with the ClinVar designation of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Uncertain		1				-11.417	Likely Pathogenic	0.942	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.485	Likely Benign	2.00	Destabilizing	0.8	1.47	Ambiguous	1.74	Ambiguous	0.80	Ambiguous	-6.29	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.998	Probably Damaging	1.88	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.39	18	2	-3	3.6	30.03	270.0	38.3	0.1	0.0	0.3	0.0								Uncertain	The guanidinium group of Arg279, located at the beginning of an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Arg279-Leu286), can form hydrogen bond with the backbone carbonyl groups of nearby loop residues (e.g., Ser296, Ser331, and As332) and form salt bridges with the carboxylate groups of Asp330 and Asp332. In the WT simulations, Arg279 sporadically forms a salt bridge even with the carboxylate group of Glu613, loosely connecting the C2 domain and GAP domain. Meanwhile, the indole ring of the Trp279 side chain is unable to hydrogen bond with the loop residues in the variant simulations. The lack of hydrogen bond or salt bridge formation with the loop residues could be significant, as Arg279 and the loops face the polar head group region of the membrane. Thus, although Trp279 could interact with the membrane surface as a “lipid anchor,” any changes to the wider loop dynamics could still adversely affect the formation of a stable SynGAP-membrane association. However, no definite conclusions on the effect of the residue swap on the SynGAP-membrane association can be drawn from solvent-only simulations.
c.844T>A	C282S 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant C282S is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that indicate a benign effect include REVEL, whereas the majority of other in‑silico predictors (premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus) all classify the variant as pathogenic. Stability‑based methods (FoldX, Rosetta, and Foldetta) return uncertain results and are therefore not considered evidence for or against pathogenicity. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as pathogenic, the SGM‑Consensus as Likely Pathogenic, and Foldetta as uncertain. Based on the preponderance of pathogenic predictions, the variant is most likely pathogenic, which does not contradict its current ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Uncertain		1				-11.846	Likely Pathogenic	0.958	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.460	Likely Benign	1.55	Ambiguous	0.1	1.23	Ambiguous	1.39	Ambiguous	1.62	Destabilizing	-9.19	Deleterious	0.997	Probably Damaging	0.994	Probably Damaging	1.64	Pathogenic	0.03	Affected	3.39	18	0	-1	-3.3	-16.06	233.2	14.8	-0.1	0.0	-0.2	0.3						X		Potentially Benign	The thiol-containing side chain of Cys282, located at the beginning of an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Arg279-Leu286), packs against multiple hydrophobic residues (e.g., Ile268, Leu284, Trp308, Leu327). In the variant simulations, the hydroxyl-containing side chain of Ser282 is more hydrophilic and, hence, not as favorable as Cys282 for this hydrophobic niche. Due to this polarity difference, the residue swap could potentially weaken the hydrophobic packing of the C2 domain during the folding process.Moreover, because the C2 domain interacts with the membrane, there could also be a negative effect on the stability of the SynGAP-membrane association. However, no large-scale structural changes were observed during the variant simulations. The hydroxyl group of Ser282 forms a hydrogen bond with the backbone carbonyl group of His326 in another β strand (res. Ala322-Arg329), which competes directly with the backbone amide group of Glu283 within the secondary structure element.
c.844T>C	C282R 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant C282R is listed in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 635755.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect are limited to REVEL, which scores the variant as benign. All other evaluated algorithms predict a pathogenic outcome: FoldX, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN). Rosetta’s output is uncertain and is therefore not counted as evidence. High‑accuracy assessments further support pathogenicity: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts pathogenic, the SGM‑Consensus indicates Likely Pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta) also predicts pathogenic. Based on the overwhelming agreement among these predictions, the variant is most likely pathogenic, which aligns with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Pathogenic		2				-16.378	Likely Pathogenic	0.999	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.466	Likely Benign	3.13	Destabilizing	0.6	1.58	Ambiguous	2.36	Destabilizing	1.70	Destabilizing	-11.03	Deleterious	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.998	Probably Damaging	1.63	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.39	18	-4	-3	-7.0	53.05	297.4	-98.2	-0.1	0.1	0.5	0.0	X		X				X	Potentially Pathogenic	The thiol-containing side chain of Cys282, located at the beginning of an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Arg279-Leu286), is packed against multiple hydrophobic residues (e.g., Ile268, Leu284, Trp308, Leu327). In the variant simulations, the bulky side chain of Arg282 with its positively charged guanidinium group is not suitable for this hydrophobic niche. Consequently, the hydrophobic residues must either make room to accommodate Arg282 or it must escape the hydrophobic C2 domain core.As a result, new hydrogen bonds are formed with the backbone carbonyl groups of the surrounding β sheet residues Ala399, Leu325, and His326, which decreases the unity of the secondary structure elements. Notably, it is likely that the residue swap causes major problems during the C2 domain folding that are not visible in the variant simulations. In fact, even increased lability in the C2 domain could adversely affect the establishment of a stable SynGAP-membrane association.
c.892C>T	P298S 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P298S is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 2965590.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33437797‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (Likely Benign). Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and FATHMM. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as Benign, the SGM‑Consensus as Likely Benign, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) as Uncertain. No evidence from FoldX, Rosetta, or premPS is available to support either outcome. Overall, the majority of predictions support a benign impact, aligning with the ClinVar designation. Thus, the variant is most likely benign and does not contradict the ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	C2	Benign		1	6-33437797-C-T	5	3.10e-6	-6.342	Likely Benign	0.144	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.189	Likely Benign	1.38	Ambiguous	0.2	1.41	Ambiguous	1.40	Ambiguous	0.58	Ambiguous	-1.20	Neutral	0.991	Probably Damaging	0.898	Possibly Damaging	2.03	Pathogenic	0.85	Tolerated	3.39	20	-1	1	0.8	-10.04
c.895C>T	R299C 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R299C is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 1335623.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33437800‑C‑T). Prediction tools that classify the variant as benign include REVEL, SIFT, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Those that predict pathogenicity are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports the variant as likely pathogenic. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, SGM‑Consensus as pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) as uncertain. Other stability predictors (FoldX, Rosetta, premPS) are also uncertain. Overall, the balance of evidence favors a pathogenic interpretation, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status but suggests a higher likelihood of disease relevance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Conflicting		2	6-33437800-C-T	3	1.86e-6	-6.326	Likely Benign	0.572	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.344	Likely Benign	1.85	Ambiguous	0.4	0.61	Ambiguous	1.23	Ambiguous	0.76	Ambiguous	-3.54	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.998	Probably Damaging	1.65	Pathogenic	0.06	Tolerated	3.39	19	-4	-3	7.0	-53.05	210.7	91.3	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.2	X	X						Potentially Pathogenic	The guanidinium group of Arg299, located in a β hairpin loop linking two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Met289-Pro298, res. Thr305-Asn315), forms hydrogen bonds that stabilize the tight turn. In the WT simulations, the Arg299 side chain hydrogen bonds with the loop backbone carbonyl groups (e.g., Ser302, Thr305, Leu274, Gly303), the hydroxyl group of Ser300, and even forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate group of Asp304.In the variant simulations, the thiol group of the Cys299 side chain is unable to form any of these well-coordinated or strong interactions, which could affect the initial formation of the secondary hairpin loop during folding. β hairpins are potential nucleation sites during the initial stages of protein folding, so even minor changes in them could be significant. Moreover, the positively charged Arg299 side chain faces the polar head group region of the inner leaflet membrane and could directly anchor the C2 domain to the membrane. In short, the residue swap could negatively affect both protein folding and the stability of the SynGAP-membrane association.
c.896G>A	R299H 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R299H is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33437801‑G‑A). Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions from REVEL and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and pathogenic predictions from FoldX, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and FATHMM; Rosetta, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default are inconclusive. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, Foldetta as pathogenic, and the SGM consensus (derived from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is inconclusive due to a tie between pathogenic and uncertain calls. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, which is consistent with the ClinVar uncertain designation rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		C2	Conflicting		2	6-33437801-G-A	10	6.20e-6	-7.731	In-Between	0.388	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.238	Likely Benign	3.97	Destabilizing	1.0	0.94	Ambiguous	2.46	Destabilizing	1.41	Destabilizing	-3.35	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.998	Probably Damaging	1.69	Pathogenic	0.02	Affected	3.39	19	2	0	1.3	-19.05	211.2	72.5	-0.1	0.2	-0.2	0.3	X							Potentially Pathogenic	The guanidinium group of Arg299, located in a β hairpin loop linking two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Met289-Pro298, res. Thr305-Asn315), forms hydrogen bonds that stabilize the tight turn. In the WT simulations, the Arg299 side chain hydrogen bonds with the loop backbone carbonyl groups (e.g., Ser302, Thr305, Leu274, Gly303), the hydroxyl group of Ser300, and even forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate group of Asp304.In the variant simulations, the imidazole ring of His299 (epsilon protonated state) hydrogen bonds with the carbonyl group of Asp304 and the hydroxyl group of Ser300. However, it does not form as many or as strong interactions as arginine, which could affect the initial formation of the secondary hairpin loop during folding. β hairpins are potential nucleation sites during the initial stages of protein folding, so even minor changes in them could be significant.Additionally, His299 prefers to hydrophobically interact with other hydrophobic residues inside the C2 domain core (e.g., Val306, Leu274), which destabilizes the C2 domain. Indeed, the β strand partially unfolds during the second simulation. Moreover, the positively charged Arg299 side chain faces the polar head group region of the inner leaflet membrane and could directly anchor the C2 domain to the membrane. In short, the residue swap could negatively affect both protein folding and the stability of the SynGAP-membrane association.
c.968T>G	L323R 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant L323R is listed in ClinVar (ID 978601.0) as Pathogenic and is not reported in gnomAD. All available in‑silico predictors classify the change as pathogenic: REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. No tool reports a benign effect. High‑accuracy assessments reinforce this: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts Pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) yields Likely Pathogenic; and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) predicts Pathogenic. Consequently, the variant is most likely pathogenic, and this prediction aligns with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Likely Pathogenic		1				-14.568	Likely Pathogenic	0.997	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.692	Likely Pathogenic	3.75	Destabilizing	0.4	4.47	Destabilizing	4.11	Destabilizing	2.15	Destabilizing	-4.70	Deleterious	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.969	Probably Damaging	0.59	Pathogenic	0.01	Affected	3.39	22	-3	-2	-8.3	43.03	261.8	-61.6	-0.4	0.2	0.8	0.2	X		X				X	Potentially Pathogenic	The iso-butyl side chain of Leu323, located at the beginning of an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Ala322-Asp330), packs against multiple hydrophobic leucine residues (e.g., Leu264, Leu266, Leu284, Leu286). In contrast, in the variant simulations, the positively charged guanidinium group of the Arg323 side chain is unsuitable for the hydrophobic niche. Consequently, the side chain either rotates away from the center of the C2 domain or, if it remains within the C2 domain core, it reorients nearby residues to form hydrogen bonds. Regardless, the residue swap extensively disrupts the C2 domain structure.
c.970C>T	R324W 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R324W is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 845180.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33437875‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from REVEL, SIFT, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized; pathogenic predictions come from PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The SGM Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is pathogenic. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, SGM Consensus as pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) as uncertain. No other stability or functional scores are available. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status but suggests a leaning toward pathogenicity. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Uncertain		1	6-33437875-C-T	2	1.24e-6	-12.906	Likely Pathogenic	0.694	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.481	Likely Benign	1.49	Ambiguous	0.3	0.56	Ambiguous	1.03	Ambiguous	0.66	Ambiguous	-3.12	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.998	Probably Damaging	1.82	Pathogenic	0.16	Tolerated	3.39	22	2	-3	3.6	30.03	256.6	39.1	0.0	0.1	0.3	0.2		X						Potentially Pathogenic	The guanidinium group of Arg324, located at the end of an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Ala322-Asp330), faces outward and frequently forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate group of the Asp288 side chain, which is part of a β strand end (res. Met289-Pro298). In the variant simulations, the indole ring of the Trp324 side chain cannot maintain a similar interaction with the negatively charged carboxylate side chain of Asp288, potentially compromising the folding of the anti-parallel β sheet assembly. However, the residue swap does not appear to negatively impact the protein structure or its integrity based on the simulations.
c.971G>A	R324Q 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R324Q is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 2572558.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33437876‑G‑A). Prediction tools that classify the variant as benign include REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict pathogenicity are premPS, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and FATHMM. The high‑accuracy AlphaMissense‑Optimized score is benign, and the SGM Consensus—derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN—also indicates a likely benign outcome. Protein‑stability predictions from FoldX, Rosetta, and the combined Foldetta method are all uncertain. Overall, the consensus of available computational evidence points to a benign effect for R324Q, which is consistent with its ClinVar status of uncertain significance rather than a pathogenic designation. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	C2	Uncertain		3	6-33437876-G-A	3	1.86e-6	-5.001	Likely Benign	0.173	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.307	Likely Benign	0.56	Ambiguous	0.1	0.63	Ambiguous	0.60	Ambiguous	1.02	Destabilizing	-1.17	Neutral	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.994	Probably Damaging	1.92	Pathogenic	0.41	Tolerated	3.39	22	1	1	1.0	-28.06
c.1193C>T	P398L 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant P398L (ClinVar ID 2415189.0) is listed as Uncertain in ClinVar and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33438098‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include Foldetta, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, and SIFT. Predictions that are uncertain or inconclusive are FoldX, Rosetta, premPS, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, Foldetta as benign, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is inconclusive. Based on the available predictions, the variant is most likely benign, and this assessment does not contradict the ClinVar status of Uncertain. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		C2	Uncertain		1	6-33438098-C-T	8	4.96e-6	-7.518	In-Between	0.547	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.599	Likely Pathogenic	1.48	Ambiguous	0.2	-0.54	Ambiguous	0.47	Likely Benign	0.62	Ambiguous	-7.10	Deleterious	0.961	Probably Damaging	0.256	Benign	5.72	Benign	0.01	Affected	3.40	16	-3	-3	5.4	16.04	245.8	-68.6	-0.1	0.0	-0.3	0.2							X	Potentially Pathogenic	Pro398 is located in the Gly-rich Ω loop (res. Pro364-Pro398) between two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Thr359-Pro364 and res. Ala399-Ile411). The Ω loop is assumed to directly interact with the membrane, and it is observed to move arbitrarily throughout the WT solvent simulations. Although the residue swap does not influence the nearby secondary structure elements, proline is often found at the ends of β sheets due to its disfavored status during folding.Additionally, the Ω loop potentially plays a crucial role in the SynGAP-membrane complex association, stability, and dynamics. However, this aspect cannot be fully addressed through solvent simulations alone. Ω loops are known to play significant roles in protein functions that require flexibility, and thus hydrophobic residues like leucine are rarely tolerated. Although no negative structural effects are visualized in the variant’s simulations, Leu398 may exert drastic effects on the SynGAP-membrane complex dynamics and stability. Since the effects on the Gly-rich Ω loop dynamics can only be well studied through the SynGAP-membrane complex, no definite conclusions can be drawn.
c.1428C>G	F476L 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant F476L is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33438460‑C‑G). Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, and FATHMM, while pathogenic predictions arise from polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that returned uncertain results—FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, and premPS—do not contribute to the assessment. High‑accuracy methods give the following: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is inconclusive, with two pathogenic and two benign calls; Foldetta also reports an uncertain stability change. Overall, the balance of evidence favors a pathogenic effect for F476L, which contrasts with the ClinVar designation of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		GAP	Uncertain		2	6-33438460-C-G	4	2.48e-6	-10.109	Likely Pathogenic	0.994	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.180	Likely Benign	1.00	Ambiguous	0.1	1.04	Ambiguous	1.02	Ambiguous	0.75	Ambiguous	-1.10	Neutral	0.997	Probably Damaging	0.978	Probably Damaging	3.53	Benign	0.60	Tolerated	3.40	22	2	0	1.0	-34.02	235.9	16.1	0.0	0.1	-0.2	0.0	X							Potentially Benign	In the WT simulations, the phenyl ring of Phe476, located at the end of an α-helix (res. Ala461-Phe476), packs with the hydrophobic side chains of Leu482 and Ile483. Additionally, Phe476 stacks with the Arg475 side chain on the preceding α-α loop connecting the two α-helices (res. Ala461-Phe476 and res. Leu489-Glu519) near the GAP-Ras interface.In the variant simulations, Leu476 can maintain hydrophobic packing with neighboring residues, although not as efficiently as the phenylalanine in the WT system. The absence of Phe476/Arg475 stacking weakens the integrity of the α-helix end in the variant simulations. Nonetheless, no large-scale adverse effects are observed in the simulations. Lastly, the potential effect of the residue swap on SynGAP-Ras complex formation or GTPase activation cannot be fully addressed using the SynGAP solvent-only simulations.
c.2014A>G	T672A 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant T672A is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 2154412.0) and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33441273‑A‑G). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Only PROVEAN predicts a pathogenic outcome. Uncertain results are reported for FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, and premPS. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as Benign, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) as Likely Benign, and Foldetta as Uncertain. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a benign effect, and this conclusion is consistent with the ClinVar designation. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	GAP	Benign		1	6-33441273-A-G	3	1.86e-6	-6.524	Likely Benign	0.109	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.046	Likely Benign	0.51	Ambiguous	0.3	1.15	Ambiguous	0.83	Ambiguous	0.65	Ambiguous	-3.20	Deleterious	0.006	Benign	0.002	Benign	3.44	Benign	0.12	Tolerated	3.40	25	1	0	2.5	-30.03	188.5	42.5	-0.1	0.3	0.2	0.0		X						Potentially Pathogenic	The hydroxyl group of Thr672, located in an entangled α-α loop connecting the two α-helices (res. Ser641-Glu666 and res. Leu685-Val699), is involved in a highly coordinated hydrogen-bonding network between residues from two α-helices (res. Ser641-Glu666 and res. Arg563-Glu578) and from the α-α loop itself, such as Lys566, Glu666, and Asn669. In the variant simulations, Ala672 can only form a hydrogen bond with Lys566 via its backbone carbonyl group. Consequently, it cannot maintain the Lys566-Glu666 salt bridge through hydrogen bonding, leading to a significant disruption of the intricate and stable hydrogen-bond network between the loop and the helices.
c.2015C>A	T672K 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant T672K is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Those that predict a pathogenic effect are SGM‑Consensus, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. Uncertain predictions come from Foldetta, premPS, and Rosetta. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as pathogenic, and Foldetta as inconclusive. Overall, the majority of tools lean toward a benign interpretation, but the high‑accuracy consensus is split, leaving the variant’s impact uncertain. Thus, the variant is most likely benign based on the bulk of predictions, and this does not contradict its ClinVar status of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Uncertain		1				-12.192	Likely Pathogenic	0.698	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.065	Likely Benign	0.20	Likely Benign	0.5	1.21	Ambiguous	0.71	Ambiguous	0.72	Ambiguous	-4.31	Deleterious	0.745	Possibly Damaging	0.051	Benign	3.40	Benign	0.07	Tolerated	3.40	25	0	-1	-3.2	27.07	195.1	7.0	0.4	0.7	0.4	0.1		X				X		Potentially Pathogenic	The hydroxyl group of Thr672, located in an entangled α-α loop connecting the two α-helices (res. Ser641-Glu666 and res. Leu685-Val699), is involved in a highly coordinated hydrogen-bonding network between residues from two α-helices (res. Ser641-Glu666 and res. Arg563-Glu578) and from the α-α loop itself, such as Lys566, Glu666, and Asn669. In the variant simulations, Lys672 can only form a hydrogen bond with the amino group of the Lys566 side chain via its backbone carbonyl group. Consequently, it cannot maintain the Lys566-Glu666 salt bridge through hydrogen bonding. However, the amino group of Lys periodically forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate group of Glu666, which prevents a drastic disruption of the hydrogen-bond network that keeps the loop close to the helices.
c.2015C>T	T672M 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant T672M is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33441274‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools that report a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, premPS, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, and ESM1b. Rosetta and Foldetta provide uncertain results. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, while the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) is inconclusive due to a 2‑2 split, and Foldetta is also inconclusive. Overall, the majority of predictions lean toward a benign impact, and this does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		GAP	Conflicting		2	6-33441274-C-T	19	1.18e-5	-9.472	Likely Pathogenic	0.174	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.127	Likely Benign	0.31	Likely Benign	0.4	1.52	Ambiguous	0.92	Ambiguous	0.41	Likely Benign	-4.34	Deleterious	0.993	Probably Damaging	0.520	Possibly Damaging	3.39	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.40	25	-1	-1	2.6	30.09	231.9	-52.9	1.1	0.1	0.5	0.0		X				X		Potentially Pathogenic	The hydroxyl group of Thr672, located in an entangled α-α loop connecting the two α-helices (res. Ser641-Glu666 and res. Leu685-Val699), is involved in a highly coordinated hydrogen-bonding network between residues from two α-helices (res. Ser641-Glu666 and res. Arg563-Glu578) and from the α-α loop itself, such as Lys566, Glu666, and Asn669. Met672 can only form a hydrogen bond with the amino group of the Lys566 side chain via its backbone carbonyl group. Nevertheless, the Lys566-Glu666 salt bridge forms intermittently. This is possible because Asn669 keeps the carboxylate group of Glu666 in the vicinity through hydrogen bonding, and the hydrophobic side chain of Met stays mostly rotated away from the salt bridge. Consequently, no drastic disruption of the hydrogen-bond network that keeps the loop close to the helices occurs in the variant simulations.
c.694G>A	A232T 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant A232T is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 1165963.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33435545‑G‑A). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, and FATHMM. Those that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv and AlphaMissense‑Default. Predictions that are inconclusive are premPS, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as Uncertain; the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) resolves to Benign, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) also reports Benign. Overall, the majority of evidence supports a benign impact, which is consistent with the ClinVar classification and does not contradict it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		PH	Benign		1	6-33435545-G-A	1	6.20e-7	-7.655	In-Between	0.874	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.469	Likely Benign	0.47	Likely Benign	0.1	-0.04	Likely Benign	0.22	Likely Benign	0.61	Ambiguous	-1.42	Neutral	0.608	Possibly Damaging	0.240	Benign	5.80	Benign	0.09	Tolerated	3.40	14	1	0	-2.5	30.03	210.8	-42.0	0.5	0.1	0.4	0.5						X		Uncertain	The hydroxyl group of Thr232, located at the end of an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Thr228-Ala232), forms hydrogen bonds with nearby residues Glu217, Cys233, and Cys219 in the variant simulations. These hydrogen-bonding interactions at the β sheet surface contribute to the stability of the secondary structure element and prevent it from unfolding. The new hydrogen bond interactions may be more favorable for structural stability than the steric interactions of the methyl side chain of Ala with the side chains of Gln216 and Cys219 in the WT. However, since the model ends abruptly at the N-terminus, no definite conclusions can be drawn from the simulations.
c.700C>T	R234W 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 R234W missense variant is listed in ClinVar (ID 856396.0) with an “Uncertain” clinical significance and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33435551‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include premPS and FATHMM, whereas the majority of other in‑silico predictors (REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM‑Consensus) indicate a pathogenic impact. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as “Uncertain”; the SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is “Pathogenic”; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, is “Uncertain.” Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, which is consistent with the ClinVar designation of uncertainty rather than a benign classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	PH	Uncertain		1	6-33435551-C-T	3	1.86e-6	-12.625	Likely Pathogenic	0.947	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.805	Likely Pathogenic	0.96	Ambiguous	0.3	0.69	Ambiguous	0.83	Ambiguous	0.13	Likely Benign	-5.52	Deleterious	0.997	Probably Damaging	0.803	Possibly Damaging	5.76	Benign	0.01	Affected	3.40	14	2	-3	3.6	30.03	262.8	39.6	-0.1	0.0	-0.2	0.2		X						Potentially Pathogenic	The guanidinium group of Arg234, located in a β-α loop between an anti-parallel β sheet strand (residues Gly227-Phe231) and an α helix (res. Ala236-Val250), forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate group of Glu238 in the α helix. Occasionally, it also bonds with the GAP domain residues Ser678 and Glu680. Thus, the positively charged Arg234 could contribute to the tertiary structure assembly between the PH and GAP domains. In contrast, the indole side chain of Trp234 in the variant is located on the protein surface in the variant simulations and is unable to form any interactions.
c.703T>C	S235P 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S235P is listed in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 1067856.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect are polyPhen‑2 HumVar and FATHMM; all other evaluated algorithms—including REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized—classify the variant as pathogenic. High‑accuracy assessments further support a deleterious impact: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) yields a pathogenic verdict; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability calculations, also reports pathogenic. No predictions or stability results are missing or inconclusive. **Based on the collective predictions, the variant is most likely pathogenic, and this conclusion aligns with its ClinVar status.** Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	PH	Likely Pathogenic		1				-14.857	Likely Pathogenic	0.998	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.870	Likely Pathogenic	4.02	Destabilizing	0.1	6.91	Destabilizing	5.47	Destabilizing	1.23	Destabilizing	-4.24	Deleterious	0.917	Possibly Damaging	0.446	Benign	5.47	Benign	0.01	Affected	3.40	14	1	-1	-0.8	10.04	201.5	17.0	0.1	0.0	-0.6	0.0		X						Potentially Pathogenic	In the WT, the hydroxyl group of Ser235, located in a β-α loop between an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Gly227-Phe231) and an α helix (residues Ala236-Val250), forms hydrogen bonds with the GAP domain loop residue Glu680 and with the backbone amide groups of Ala237 and Glu238 from the α helix. In the variant simulations, the pyrrolidine ring of Pro235 cannot stabilize the α helix end or maintain tertiary bonding interactions between the PH and GAP domains via hydrogen bonding as effectively as serine.
c.707C>T	A236V 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant A236V is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ID 469162.0) and is present in gnomAD (6‑33435558‑C‑T). Prediction tools that report benign include polyPhen‑2 HumVar, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict pathogenicity are REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, SIFT, and ESM1b. Four tools give uncertain or inconclusive results: FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, and premPS. The SGM Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is inconclusive because the votes are evenly split. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, Foldetta as uncertain, and the SGM Consensus as unavailable. Consequently, the overall prediction profile is mixed, but the most reliable high‑accuracy evidence points toward a benign effect. Therefore, the variant is most likely benign, which aligns with its ClinVar classification and does not contradict the reported status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		PH	Benign/Likely benign		2	6-33435558-C-T	6	3.72e-6	-8.752	Likely Pathogenic	0.267	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.777	Likely Pathogenic	0.61	Ambiguous	0.2	1.08	Ambiguous	0.85	Ambiguous	0.64	Ambiguous	-3.55	Deleterious	0.981	Probably Damaging	0.446	Benign	5.79	Benign	0.03	Affected	3.40	14	0	0	2.4	28.05	213.8	-44.7	0.0	0.0	-0.2	0.2						X		Potentially Benign	The methyl side chain of Ala236, located on an α helix (residues Ala236-Val250) facing an anti-parallel β sheet strand (residues Ile205-Val209), interacts hydrophobically with nearby residues such as Arg239 and Phe218. In the variant simulations, the isopropyl branched hydrocarbon side chain of Val236 maintains similar hydrophobic interactions as alanine in the WT, with an overall arrangement remarkably similar to Ala236. The residue swap does not affect the protein structure based on the simulations.
c.886T>G	S296A 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S296A (ClinVar ID 469166.0) is listed as ClinVar status Uncertain and is not present in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools largely agree on a benign effect: REVEL, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all predict benign or neutral. In contrast, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar) and FATHMM predict pathogenic. Grouping by consensus, the benign‑predicting tools outnumber the pathogenic ones. High‑accuracy assessments reinforce this view: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign; the SGM Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is also benign; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability calculations, reports a benign effect. No evidence from the available tools suggests a deleterious impact. Therefore, the variant is most likely benign, and this conclusion is consistent with its ClinVar status of Uncertain rather than pathogenic. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	C2	Uncertain		1				-6.847	Likely Benign	0.247	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.209	Likely Benign	0.50	Ambiguous	0.3	-0.26	Likely Benign	0.12	Likely Benign	0.35	Likely Benign	-1.79	Neutral	0.992	Probably Damaging	0.987	Probably Damaging	1.97	Pathogenic	0.65	Tolerated	3.40	16	1	1	2.6	-16.00	182.5	26.6	-0.2	0.1	-0.5	0.0		X						Potentially Pathogenic	The hydroxyl group of the Ser296 side chain, located in an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Met289-Pro298), stably hydrogen bonds with the carboxylate group of Asp330 in a neighboring β strand (res. Ala322-Asp332). The backbone carbonyl group of Ser296 also hydrogen bonds with the guanidinium group of Arg279 in another nearby β strand (res. Arg279-Cys285). In the variant simulations, the methyl group of the Ala296 side chain cannot hydrogen bond with Asp330, causing the carboxylate group positioning to fluctuate more than in the WT simulations.Although the residue swap does not seem to affect the anti-parallel β sheet assembly during the simulations, it is possible that the Ser296-Asp330 hydrogen bond plays a crucial role in maintaining the C2 domain fold. Notably, because Ser296 is located near the membrane interface, the potential effect of the residue swap on the SynGAP-membrane association cannot be addressed by solvent-only simulations.
c.913A>G	T305A 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 T305A variant is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33437818‑A‑G). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Those that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and FATHMM. The SGM‑Consensus, which aggregates AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports a “Likely Benign” outcome. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM‑Consensus as benign, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) as uncertain. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	C2	Conflicting		2	6-33437818-A-G	13	8.05e-6	-4.307	Likely Benign	0.078	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.144	Likely Benign	1.30	Ambiguous	0.6	1.55	Ambiguous	1.43	Ambiguous	0.77	Ambiguous	-2.10	Neutral	0.939	Possibly Damaging	0.645	Possibly Damaging	1.76	Pathogenic	0.12	Tolerated	3.40	20	1	0	2.5	-30.03	177.9	43.5	-0.2	0.1	0.4	0.0								Uncertain	The hydroxyl group of Thr305, located at the beginning of an anti-parallel β strand (res. Thr305-Asn315), hydrogen bonds with the carboxylate groups of Glu270 and Asp304 in the anti-parallel β strand and the adjacent β hairpin loop, respectively. In the variant simulations, the methyl group of the Ala305 side chain cannot hydrogen bond with either of the acidic residues, which could weaken the integrity of the tertiary structure and the β hairpin loop. Indeed, the guanidinium group of Arg299 does not acquire its central hairpin loop position due to the residue swap.β hairpins are potential nucleation sites during the initial stages of protein folding, so even minor changes in them could be significant. Due to its location near the membrane surface, the residue swap could also affect the C2 loop dynamics and SynGAP-membrane association. However, this is beyond the scope of the solvent-only simulations to unravel.
c.2029A>T	S677C 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S677C is reported in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 2825814.0) and is not present in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and the SGM‑Consensus (Likely Benign). In contrast, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, SIFT, and ESM1b predict a pathogenic impact. High‑accuracy predictors all support a benign outcome: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is Likely Benign, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) is benign. No prediction or folding‑stability result is missing or inconclusive. Based on the preponderance of evidence, the variant is most likely benign, and this assessment aligns with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	GAP	Benign		1				-8.496	Likely Pathogenic	0.076	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.153	Likely Benign	-0.51	Ambiguous	0.3	-0.30	Likely Benign	-0.41	Likely Benign	0.15	Likely Benign	-2.41	Neutral	0.932	Possibly Damaging	0.222	Benign	3.25	Benign	0.04	Affected	3.41	23	-1	0	3.3	16.06
c.662A>T	E221V 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 E221V missense variant is reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 2413181.0) and is not found in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools largely agree on a deleterious effect: pathogenic calls come from REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote). Benign predictions are limited to premPS, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and FATHMM. Uncertain results are reported by FoldX, Rosetta, and Foldetta. High‑accuracy assessments reinforce the pathogenic interpretation: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts Pathogenic, the SGM‑Consensus also indicates Likely Pathogenic, while Foldetta remains Uncertain. Taken together, the preponderance of evidence supports a pathogenic effect for E221V, and this conclusion aligns with the ClinVar classification, showing no contradiction. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	PH	Likely Pathogenic		1				-14.954	Likely Pathogenic	0.987	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.875	Likely Pathogenic	-0.66	Ambiguous	0.2	-0.89	Ambiguous	-0.78	Ambiguous	0.49	Likely Benign	-5.54	Deleterious	0.596	Possibly Damaging	0.203	Benign	5.86	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.41	13	-2	-2	7.7	-29.98	234.5	50.6	0.0	0.0	-0.4	0.2		X						Uncertain	The introduced residue Val221 is located on the outer surface of an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Cys219-Thr224). Unlike the carboxylate group of Glu221, Val221 cannot form hydrogen bonds with Thr223 or a salt bridge with the amino group of the Lys207 side chain. Despite this, the WT simulations containing Glu221 do not show significant differences compared to the variant simulations. However, since the model ends abruptly at the N-terminus, no definite conclusions can be drawn from the simulations.
c.667A>G	T223A 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant T223A is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in the gnomAD database (ID 6‑33435518‑A‑G). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include FoldX, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are REVEL and PROVEAN. Predictions that are inconclusive are Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, and ESM1b. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign; the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) also resolves to benign; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, remains uncertain. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		PH	Uncertain		1	6-33435518-A-G	3	1.86e-6	-7.076	In-Between	0.316	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.574	Likely Pathogenic	0.30	Likely Benign	0.1	0.77	Ambiguous	0.54	Ambiguous	0.74	Ambiguous	-3.36	Deleterious	0.231	Benign	0.058	Benign	5.74	Benign	0.09	Tolerated	3.41	13	1	0	2.5	-30.03	186.4	44.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	X	X						Uncertain	The introduced residue Ala223 is located on the outer surface of an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Cys219-Thr224). Unlike the hydroxyl group of the Thr223 side chain in the WT protein, the methyl side chain of Ala223 cannot form hydrogen bonds with nearby residues Thr228 and Lys207. Without these hydrogen-bonding interactions at the β sheet surface, the secondary structure element becomes unstable and partially unfolds in the variant simulations. However, since the model ends abruptly at the N-terminus, no definite conclusions can be drawn from the simulations.
c.667A>T	T223S 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 T223S is listed in ClinVar as a variant of uncertain significance and is present in the gnomAD database (ID 6‑33435518‑A‑T). Functional prediction tools that reach consensus classify the variant as benign: FoldX, Foldetta, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict pathogenicity include REVEL, PROVEAN, and SIFT. Predictions that are inconclusive or uncertain are Rosetta, premPS, AlphaMissense‑Default, and ESM1b. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign outcome: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign, Foldetta is benign, while the SGM Consensus (derived from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) is inconclusive due to a 1‑to‑1 split between benign and pathogenic calls. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign effect, which does not contradict the ClinVar designation of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		PH	Conflicting		2	6-33435518-A-T	3	1.86e-6	-7.714	In-Between	0.410	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.535	Likely Pathogenic	0.26	Likely Benign	0.1	0.50	Ambiguous	0.38	Likely Benign	0.62	Ambiguous	-2.86	Deleterious	0.421	Benign	0.058	Benign	5.80	Benign	0.02	Affected	3.41	13	1	1	-0.1	-14.03	200.7	17.3	-0.2	0.2	0.0	0.0						X		Uncertain	The introduced residue Ser223 is located on the outer surface of an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Cys219-Thr224). Its hydroxyl group forms hydrogen bonds with nearby residues Thr228 and Lys207 in the variant simulations, similar to the hydroxyl group of Thr223 in the WT simulations. These hydrogen-bonding interactions at the β sheet surface contribute to the stability of the secondary structure element and may prevent it from unfolding. However, since the model ends abruptly at the N-terminus, no definite conclusions can be drawn from the simulations.
c.670A>G	T224A 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant T224A is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33435521‑A‑G). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Those that predict a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN and AlphaMissense‑Default. The remaining tools (Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, ESM1b) return uncertain or inconclusive results. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as pathogenic, and Foldetta as uncertain. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		PH	Uncertain		3	6-33435521-A-G	2	1.24e-6	-7.379	In-Between	0.651	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.464	Likely Benign	0.33	Likely Benign	0.1	1.05	Ambiguous	0.69	Ambiguous	0.91	Ambiguous	-2.96	Deleterious	0.243	Benign	0.079	Benign	5.57	Benign	0.57	Tolerated	3.41	13	1	0	2.5	-30.03	169.0	41.4	-0.5	1.1	-0.4	0.0	X	X						Uncertain	The introduced residue Ala224 is located on the outer surface of an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Cys219-Thr224). Unlike the hydroxyl group of the Thr224 side chain in the WT model, the methyl side chain of Ala224 cannot form hydrogen bonds with nearby residues Ser204, Ser226, and Gly227. Without these hydrogen-bonding interactions at the β sheet surface, the secondary structure element becomes unstable and unfolds during the variant simulations. However, since the model ends abruptly at the N-terminus, no definite conclusions can be drawn from the simulations.
c.742C>T	R248W 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R248W is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from Rosetta, Foldetta, and FATHMM, while pathogenic predictions are made by REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus score (Likely Pathogenic). Uncertain results from FoldX and premPS are treated as unavailable. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as pathogenic, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as Likely Pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta) as benign. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	PH	Uncertain		1				-11.647	Likely Pathogenic	0.991	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.699	Likely Pathogenic	1.17	Ambiguous	0.3	-0.20	Likely Benign	0.49	Likely Benign	0.89	Ambiguous	-6.98	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.948	Probably Damaging	5.62	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.41	14	2	-3	3.6	30.03	266.4	42.3	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.1		X						Potentially Pathogenic	The guanidinium group of Arg248, located on an α helix (res. Ala236-Val250), forms two very stable salt bridges with Asp255 (from a short α helical section, res. Lys254-Asn256) and Glu244 (from a nearby loop) in the WT simulations. In the variant simulations, the indole group of Trp248 cannot form any salt bridges, which could negatively affect the tertiary structure assembly of the PH domain. Instead, in the variant simulations, the indole ring of Trp248 stacks against Pro252, which makes a turn after the α helix.
c.743G>C	R248P 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R248P is listed in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 1065478.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include only FATHMM, whereas all other evaluated algorithms (REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default) predict a pathogenic impact. High‑accuracy assessments further support pathogenicity: AlphaMissense‑Optimized returns a pathogenic score, the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) indicates Likely Pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) predicts a destabilizing, pathogenic effect. Based on the overwhelming consensus of pathogenic predictions and the high‑accuracy tool results, the variant is most likely pathogenic, which aligns with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	PH	Likely Pathogenic		1				-10.751	Likely Pathogenic	1.000	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.848	Likely Pathogenic	3.09	Destabilizing	0.6	8.87	Destabilizing	5.98	Destabilizing	1.21	Destabilizing	-5.97	Deleterious	0.998	Probably Damaging	0.878	Possibly Damaging	5.64	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.41	14	0	-2	2.9	-59.07	223.8	126.6	0.0	0.0	-0.2	0.1	X	X						Potentially Pathogenic	The guanidinium group of Arg248, located on an α helix (residues Ala236-Val250), forms two very stable salt bridges with Asp255 (from a short α helical section, res. Lys254-Asn256) and Glu244 (from a nearby loop) in the WT simulations. In the variant simulations, the pyrrolidine side chain of Pro248 cannot form any salt bridges, which could negatively affect the tertiary structure assembly of the PH domain. Additionally, Pro248 lacks a free amide group needed for hydrogen bonding with the backbone carbonyl group of Asn245, disrupting the continuity of the α helix.
c.986G>A	R329H 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R329H is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 2074400.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33437891‑G‑A). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that agree on a pathogenic effect include FoldX, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign, while the SGM Consensus—derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN—predicts pathogenic. Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, yields an uncertain result and is treated as unavailable evidence. Overall, the balance of predictions favors a pathogenic impact, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status but suggests the variant is more likely deleterious. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Uncertain		1	6-33437891-G-A	2	1.24e-6	-10.154	Likely Pathogenic	0.769	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.155	Likely Benign	2.53	Destabilizing	0.7	0.71	Ambiguous	1.62	Ambiguous	0.82	Ambiguous	-3.17	Deleterious	0.995	Probably Damaging	0.778	Possibly Damaging	4.04	Benign	0.05	Affected	3.41	15	2	0	1.3	-19.05	220.4	81.4	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.3								Uncertain	The guanidinium group of Arg329, located at the end of an anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Ala322-Asp330), faces the negatively charged lipid bilayer surface. While the residue swap does not cause any apparent negative effects on the protein structure in the variant simulations, it could adversely affect the SynGAP-membrane association in reality. The positively charged Arg329 side chain forms hydrogen bonds with other loop residues (e.g., Ser371, Asp338) that are expected to dynamically interact with the membrane head group region. However, this phenomenon is beyond the scope of the solvent-only simulations to unravel. Notably, histidine can also be double protonated and positively charged, but this alternative protonation state was not considered in the variant simulations.
c.1108G>A	G370S 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant G370S is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33438013‑G‑A). Consensus predictions from standard in silico tools cluster into two groups: benign (REVEL, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized) and pathogenic (FoldX, FATHMM). Two tools report uncertainty: Rosetta and Foldetta. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign outcome: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign; the SGM Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is Likely Benign; Foldetta remains uncertain. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a benign effect, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	C2	Uncertain		1	6-33438013-G-A	15	9.31e-6	-3.533	Likely Benign	0.081	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.282	Likely Benign	2.83	Destabilizing	2.0	1.05	Ambiguous	1.94	Ambiguous	-0.02	Likely Benign	0.47	Neutral	0.000	Benign	0.000	Benign	1.33	Pathogenic	0.77	Tolerated	3.42	19	1	0	-0.4	30.03	196.6	-49.6	0.9	2.2	-0.1	0.4								Uncertain	Gly370 is located in the Gly-rich Ω loop (res. Pro364- Pro398) between two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Thr359-Pro364, res. Ala399-Ile411). Because, the Ω loop is assumed to be directly interacting with the membrane, it is only seen to move arbitrarily throughout the WT solvent simulations. The Ω loop is potentially playing a crucial loop in the SynGAP-membrane complex association, stability and dynamics, regardless, this aspect cannot be addressed through the solvent simulations only. The Ω-loops are known to have a major role in protein functions that requires flexibility and thus, they are rich in glycines, prolines and to a lesser extent, hydrophilic residues to ensure maximum flexibility. Thus, Ser370 in the variant is potentially tolerated in the Ω loop. However, since the effect on the Gly-rich Ω loop dynamics can only be well-studied through the SynGAP-membrane complex, no definite conclusions can be withdrawn.
c.2047A>G	I683V 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant I683V is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (6‑33441306‑A‑G). Across a panel of in silico predictors, the majority indicate a benign effect: REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (derived from a majority of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN). Only polyPhen‑2 HumDiv classifies the change as pathogenic. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign outcome: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote) is benign, and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability predictions, is inconclusive and therefore not considered evidence. No other tool provides a pathogenic signal. Consequently, the variant is most likely benign, and this assessment does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	GAP	Uncertain		1	6-33441306-A-G	2	1.24e-6	-7.588	In-Between	0.138	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.112	Likely Benign	0.90	Ambiguous	0.0	0.60	Ambiguous	0.75	Ambiguous	0.76	Ambiguous	-0.78	Neutral	0.538	Possibly Damaging	0.080	Benign	3.35	Benign	0.14	Tolerated	3.42	17	4	3	-0.3	-14.03	215.6	29.1	0.0	0.0	-0.7	0.1						X		Potentially Benign	The sec-butyl side chain of Ile683, located in an entangled α-α loop connecting the two α-helices (res. Ser641-Glu666 and res. Leu685-Val699), is sterically packed against His453 and Glu688. In the variant simulations, the iso-propyl side chain of Val683 has similar size and physicochemical properties as Ile630 in the WT, and thus, it is able to maintain similar interactions in the inter-helix space. Consequently, no negative structural effects are observed during the simulations due to the residue swap.
c.2050G>C	D684H 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant D684H is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include only FATHMM; all other evaluated algorithms (REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized) predict a pathogenic impact, and the SGM‑Consensus score is “Likely Pathogenic.” High‑accuracy assessments further support pathogenicity: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is pathogenic, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is likely pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) is pathogenic. No predictions are inconclusive or missing. Based on the overwhelming majority of pathogenic predictions, the variant is most likely pathogenic, which does not contradict the current ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Uncertain		1				-14.194	Likely Pathogenic	0.998	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.613	Likely Pathogenic	3.36	Destabilizing	1.0	2.95	Destabilizing	3.16	Destabilizing	0.55	Ambiguous	-6.98	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.972	Probably Damaging	3.36	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.42	17	-1	1	0.3	22.05
c.2060G>A	R687Q 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R687Q is annotated in ClinVar as benign (ClinVar ID 2693600.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from REVEL, Rosetta, Foldetta, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, while pathogenic predictions arise from premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN). High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized labeling the variant as benign, SGM‑Consensus indicating pathogenicity, and Foldetta (integrating FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) classifying it as benign. With three high‑accuracy tools giving benign or uncertain results and only one (SGM‑Consensus) suggesting pathogenicity, the overall evidence leans toward a benign effect. This prediction aligns with the ClinVar benign classification, indicating no contradiction. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Likely Benign		1				-10.002	Likely Pathogenic	0.575	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.401	Likely Benign	0.92	Ambiguous	0.1	-0.37	Likely Benign	0.28	Likely Benign	1.55	Destabilizing	-3.37	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.844	Possibly Damaging	3.91	Benign	0.03	Affected	3.42	17	1	1	1.0	-28.06
c.2068T>C	S690P 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S690P is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that indicate a benign effect are REVEL and FATHMM, whereas the remaining tools (FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus) all predict a pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments further support a deleterious impact: AlphaMissense‑Optimized scores the variant as pathogenic; the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) is “Likely Pathogenic”; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability predictions, also classifies the variant as pathogenic. Overall, the preponderance of evidence from multiple independent predictors indicates that the variant is most likely pathogenic, a conclusion that does not contradict the current ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Uncertain		1				-14.568	Likely Pathogenic	0.999	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.431	Likely Benign	4.84	Destabilizing	0.3	4.40	Destabilizing	4.62	Destabilizing	1.42	Destabilizing	-4.77	Deleterious	0.998	Probably Damaging	0.790	Possibly Damaging	3.44	Benign	0.01	Affected	3.42	17	1	-1	-0.8	10.04	207.5	15.1	0.1	0.0	-0.1	0.2	X	X						Potentially Pathogenic	The hydroxyl side chain of Ser690, located in an α-helix (res. Leu696-Leu685), forms a hydrogen bond with the backbone carbonyl group of Ser410 in an anti-parallel β-sheet of the C2 domain (res. Ile411-Ala399). In the variant simulations, the pyrrolidine side chain of Pro690 cannot form hydrogen bonds with the C2 domain residue, resulting in the loss of this inter-domain connection. Additionally, prolines lack a free amide group necessary for hydrogen bonding with the carbonyl group of Gly686, introducing a slight bend in the α-helix and compromising its integrity.
c.2075T>A	L692Q 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant L692Q is listed in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 2714634.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that classify the variant as benign include only FATHMM. All other evaluated algorithms—REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized—predict a pathogenic effect. High‑accuracy assessments further support pathogenicity: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is pathogenic; the SGM Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is pathogenic; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, is pathogenic. No prediction or stability result is missing or inconclusive. Based on the consensus of these tools, the variant is most likely pathogenic, and this conclusion aligns with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Pathogenic		1				-13.873	Likely Pathogenic	0.998	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.596	Likely Pathogenic	3.24	Destabilizing	0.1	3.27	Destabilizing	3.26	Destabilizing	2.76	Destabilizing	-5.98	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.998	Probably Damaging	3.06	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.42	17	-2	-2	-7.3	14.97
c.2075T>C	L692P 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant L692P is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status (ClinVar ID 847082.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect are limited to FATHMM, while the remaining tools (REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized) uniformly predict a pathogenic impact. High‑accuracy assessments further support this: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) indicates “Likely Pathogenic”; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, also predicts pathogenic. Based on the overwhelming consensus of pathogenic predictions, the variant is most likely pathogenic, which does not contradict its current ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Uncertain		1				-16.447	Likely Pathogenic	1.000	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.668	Likely Pathogenic	9.19	Destabilizing	0.1	13.20	Destabilizing	11.20	Destabilizing	1.69	Destabilizing	-6.98	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.999	Probably Damaging	3.06	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.42	17	-3	-3	-5.4	-16.04	186.2	62.8	-0.2	0.1	-0.7	0.3	X							Potentially Pathogenic	The isobutyl side chain of Leu692, located in the middle of an α-helix (res. Leu685-Gln702), engages in hydrophobic packing with nearby residues (e.g., Leu441, Leu431, Leu696) in the inter-helix space. Prolines lack a free amide group necessary for hydrogen bonding with the carbonyl group of Glu688 in the same manner as Leu692 in the WT. Consequently, the residue swap with proline disrupts the continuity of the secondary structure element in the variant simulations. Additionally, the side chain of Pro692 is not as optimal as Leu692 for hydrophobic packing in the inter-helix space.
c.2071A>C	T691P 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant T691P is listed in ClinVar (ID 648126.0) as Pathogenic and is not reported in gnomAD. Across the broad panel of in‑silico predictors, three tools (REVEL, SIFT, FATHMM) classify the change as benign, whereas the remaining 11 predictors (FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM‑Consensus score) report it as pathogenic. High‑accuracy assessments further support a deleterious effect: the AlphaMissense‑Optimized model is inconclusive, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is pathogenic, and the Foldetta stability analysis (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) is pathogenic. Taken together, the preponderance of evidence indicates that T691P is most likely pathogenic, which is consistent with its ClinVar classification and does not contradict the database status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Likely Pathogenic		1				-13.801	Likely Pathogenic	0.905	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.214	Likely Benign	5.04	Destabilizing	0.4	6.09	Destabilizing	5.57	Destabilizing	1.27	Destabilizing	-3.43	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.952	Probably Damaging	3.43	Benign	0.06	Tolerated	3.43	14	0	-1	-0.9	-3.99	188.9	33.0	0.1	0.0	-0.6	0.0	X	X						Potentially Pathogenic	The hydroxyl side chain of Thr691, located in an α-helix (res. Leu696-Leu685), can form hydrogen bonds with the backbone carbonyl and the side chain guanidinium group of Arg687. This interaction facilitates the simultaneous formation of salt bridges between Arg687 and Glu688 on the same α-helix. Additionally, Thr691 occasionally interacts with the thioether side chain of Met409 in an anti-parallel β-sheet of the C2 domain (res. Ile411-Ala399), although this interaction is not consistently maintained throughout the WT simulations. In the variant simulations, the pyrrolidine side chain of Pro691 lacks hydrogen bond donors, making a similar setup impossible. Moreover, proline lacks a free amide group necessary for hydrogen bonding with the carbonyl group of Arg687, introducing a slight bend in the α-helix and compromising its integrity.
c.680G>A	G227E 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant G227E is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6-33435531-G-A). Functional prediction tools largely agree on a deleterious effect: REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all report pathogenicity, while only polyPhen‑2 (HumVar) and FATHMM predict a benign outcome; premPS remains inconclusive. High‑accuracy assessments reinforce this trend: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is pathogenic; the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is “Likely Pathogenic”; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability calculations, also predicts pathogenicity. Taken together, the overwhelming majority of evidence points to a pathogenic effect. This conclusion is consistent with the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification, which does not contradict the predictive data. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	PH	Conflicting		2	6-33435531-G-A	3	1.86e-6	-9.186	Likely Pathogenic	0.996	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.792	Likely Pathogenic	2.56	Destabilizing	0.4	5.36	Destabilizing	3.96	Destabilizing	0.94	Ambiguous	-6.49	Deleterious	0.906	Possibly Damaging	0.360	Benign	5.72	Benign	0.01	Affected	3.43	12	0	-2	-3.1	72.06	237.7	-112.1	0.1	0.3	0.0	0.3		X				X		Uncertain	The introduced residue Glu227 is located in a β hairpin loop connecting two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Cys219-Thr224 and Thr228-Ala232). In the variant simulations, the carboxylate group of Glu227 frequently forms a salt bridge with the amino group of the neighboring residue Lys229. Despite this interaction, the integrity of the secondary structure element is not compromised. However, the β hairpins are potential nucleation sites during the initial stages of protein folding. Additionally, since the model ends abruptly at the N-terminus, no definite conclusions can be drawn from the simulations.
c.611C>G	S204C 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 S204C is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that classify the variant as benign include REVEL, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict pathogenicity are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and SIFT. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign; the SGM Consensus, derived from the majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, also indicates benign; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, predicts a benign effect. FoldX and Rosetta individually report uncertain stability changes. Overall, the majority of computational evidence supports a benign effect, which is consistent with the ClinVar uncertain status rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	PH	Uncertain		1				-6.613	Likely Benign	0.127	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.148	Likely Benign	0.65	Ambiguous	0.4	-1.13	Ambiguous	-0.24	Likely Benign	0.10	Likely Benign	-0.64	Neutral	0.978	Probably Damaging	0.753	Possibly Damaging	4.13	Benign	0.05	Affected	3.44	10	0	-1	3.3	16.06	223.6	-13.8	0.6	0.3	0.0	0.2	X							Uncertain	The hydroxyl-containing Ser204, located in the N-terminal loop before the first anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Ile205-Pro208), is replaced by the thiol-containing cysteine. In the WT simulations, Ser204 simultaneously forms hydrogen bonds with the backbone carbonyl of Asp201 and the hydroxyl group of Thr224, helping to stabilize the two anti-parallel β strands (res. Ile205-Lys207 and Cys219-Thr223) at the end of the β sheet. Since the thiol group of cysteine forms weaker hydrogen bonds than the hydroxyl group of serine, Cys204 does not maintain the hydrogen bond network as stably as Ser204 in the variant simulations. However, because the model ends abruptly at the N-terminus, no definite conclusions can be drawn from the simulations.
c.2086C>G	L696V 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 L696V variant is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that indicate a benign effect include REVEL, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, whereas the majority of other in silico predictors (FoldX, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default) report a pathogenic outcome; Rosetta remains inconclusive. High‑accuracy assessments further support a deleterious impact: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign, but the SGM Consensus—derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN—leans pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) also predicts pathogenic. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect for the variant, which does not contradict the current ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Uncertain		1				-11.909	Likely Pathogenic	0.745	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.351	Likely Benign	2.35	Destabilizing	0.1	1.85	Ambiguous	2.10	Destabilizing	1.46	Destabilizing	-2.79	Deleterious	0.992	Probably Damaging	0.970	Probably Damaging	3.16	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.46	13	1	2	0.4	-14.03
c.2087T>C	L696P 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant L696P is listed in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 1699350.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that classify the variant as benign include only FATHMM; all other evaluated algorithms—REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized—report it as pathogenic. The SGM Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, also indicates a pathogenic effect. High‑accuracy assessments further support pathogenicity: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts pathogenic, the SGM Consensus (majority vote) is pathogenic, and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability calculations, predicts a destabilizing, pathogenic outcome. Taken together, the overwhelming majority of predictions and the high‑accuracy tools classify the variant as pathogenic, fully consistent with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Likely Pathogenic		1				-16.926	Likely Pathogenic	1.000	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.678	Likely Pathogenic	6.66	Destabilizing	0.2	10.84	Destabilizing	8.75	Destabilizing	2.13	Destabilizing	-6.58	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	1.000	Probably Damaging	3.00	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.46	13	-3	-3	-5.4	-16.04	180.6	65.9	0.1	0.0	-0.6	0.1	X							Potentially Pathogenic	The isobutyl side chain of Leu696, located in the middle of an α-helix (res. Leu685-Gln702), engages in hydrophobic packing with nearby residues (e.g., Leu441, Leu431, Leu692, Leu714) in the inter-helix space. Prolines lack a free amide group necessary for hydrogen bonding with the carbonyl group of Leu692 in the same manner as Leu696 in the WT. Consequently, the residue swap with proline disrupts the continuity of the secondary structure element in the variant simulations. Additionally, the side chain of Pro696 is not as optimal as Leu696 for hydrophobic packing in the inter-helix space.
c.2089T>C	W697R 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant W697R is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 703213.0) and is present in the gnomAD database (gnomAD ID 6‑33441348‑T‑C). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL and FATHMM, whereas a majority of tools predict a pathogenic impact: premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM‑Consensus score. Predictions that are inconclusive or unavailable are FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as uncertain, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) as uncertain. Overall, the preponderance of evidence from multiple pathogenic‑predicting tools suggests that the variant is most likely pathogenic, which contradicts its current ClinVar benign classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Likely Benign		1	6-33441348-T-C	1	6.20e-7	-10.020	Likely Pathogenic	0.941	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.401	Likely Benign	1.14	Ambiguous	0.1	1.18	Ambiguous	1.16	Ambiguous	1.25	Destabilizing	-9.50	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.994	Probably Damaging	3.45	Benign	0.02	Affected	3.46	13	2	-3	-3.6	-30.03	254.4	-41.2	0.0	0.0	-0.7	0.0						X		Potentially Benign	The indole ring of Trp697, located on the outer surface of an α-helix (res. Leu685-Val699), is not involved in any long-lasting interactions in the WT simulations. In the variant simulations, the positively charged guanidinium side chain of Arg697 occasionally forms hydrogen bonds with nearby residues, such as Ser722 and Asn719. However, similar to Trp697 in the WT, Arg697 does not form any long-lasting interactions and thus does not induce any negative structural effects in the simulations.
c.600G>C	L200F 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant L200F is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33435242‑G‑C). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, premPS, PROVEAN, SIFT, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and AlphaMissense‑Default. Predictions that are inconclusive are FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, and ESM1b. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as benign, and Foldetta as uncertain. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		PH	Uncertain		1	6-33435242-G-C	2	1.24e-6	-7.606	In-Between	0.592	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.094	Likely Benign	1.00	Ambiguous	0.5	1.45	Ambiguous	1.23	Ambiguous	0.43	Likely Benign	-1.97	Neutral	0.997	Probably Damaging	0.916	Probably Damaging	4.02	Benign	0.17	Tolerated	3.46	9	2	0	-1.0	34.02	250.4	-15.1	0.6	0.2	0.5	0.0						X		Uncertain	Leu200, a hydrophobic residue located in the N-terminal loop before the first anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Ile205-Pro208), is replaced by another hydrophobic residue, phenylalanine. Both the phenyl group of Phe200 and the branched iso-butyl hydrocarbon sidechain of Leu200 occupy an inward hydrophobic niche (e.g., Leu246, Val222, Phe231) during the simulations. However, since the model ends abruptly at the N-terminus, no definite conclusions can be drawn from the simulations.
c.603T>A	D201E 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 D201E missense variant (ClinVar ID 3004688.0) is classified as **Benign** in ClinVar and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote). Only polyPhen‑2 HumDiv predicts a pathogenic outcome, while Rosetta, Foldetta, and AlphaMissense‑Default are uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as **Benign**, the SGM‑Consensus as **Likely Benign**, and Foldetta as **Uncertain**. Taken together, the overwhelming majority of evidence points to a benign impact, and this conclusion aligns with the ClinVar designation. Thus, the variant is most likely benign, with no contradiction to its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	PH	Benign		1				-2.640	Likely Benign	0.406	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.165	Likely Benign	0.42	Likely Benign	0.2	1.99	Ambiguous	1.21	Ambiguous	0.23	Likely Benign	-0.69	Neutral	0.633	Possibly Damaging	0.108	Benign	4.30	Benign	1.00	Tolerated	3.46	9	3	2	0.0	14.03	258.7	-24.8	0.9	0.1	-0.3	0.2						X		Uncertain	Asp201, an acidic residue located in the N-terminal loop before the first anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Ile205-Pro208), is replaced by another acidic residue, glutamate. The carboxylate groups of both Asp201 and Glu201 side chains form hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl group of Ser221 in the simulations. Due to its shorter side chain, Asp201 can also hydrogen bond with the backbone amide groups of neighboring loop residues Ser204 and Asp203. However, since the model ends abruptly at the N-terminus, no definite conclusions can be drawn from the simulations.
c.603T>G	D201E 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 D201E missense variant (gnomAD ID 6‑33435245‑T‑G) is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance. Across a broad panel of in silico predictors, the majority indicate a benign effect: REVEL, FoldX, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all score benign. Only polyPhen‑2 HumDiv predicts pathogenicity, while Rosetta, Foldetta, and AlphaMissense‑Default remain inconclusive. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, resolves to “likely benign.” High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign outcome: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign, SGM‑Consensus is likely benign, and Foldetta is inconclusive. Taken together, the preponderance of evidence points to a benign impact, which does not conflict with the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	PH	Conflicting		2	6-33435245-T-G	20	1.24e-5	-2.640	Likely Benign	0.406	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.165	Likely Benign	0.42	Likely Benign	0.2	1.99	Ambiguous	1.21	Ambiguous	0.23	Likely Benign	-0.69	Neutral	0.633	Possibly Damaging	0.108	Benign	4.30	Benign	1.00	Tolerated	3.46	9	3	2	0.0	14.03	258.7	-24.8	0.9	0.1	-0.3	0.2						X		Uncertain	Asp201, an acidic residue located in the N-terminal loop before the first anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Ile205-Pro208), is replaced by another acidic residue, glutamate. The carboxylate groups of both Asp201 and Glu201 side chains form hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl group of Ser221 in the simulations. Due to its shorter side chain, Asp201 can also hydrogen bond with the backbone amide groups of neighboring loop residues Ser204 and Asp203. However, since the model ends abruptly at the N-terminus, no definite conclusions can be drawn from the simulations.
c.2095G>A	V699M 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 variant V699M is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33441354‑G‑A). Across in silico predictors, benign calls are made by REVEL, Rosetta, Foldetta, PROVEAN, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, whereas pathogenic calls come from polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, and ESM1b. Predictions that are inconclusive (FoldX, premPS, AlphaMissense‑Default) are noted but not used as evidence. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign outcome: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) also yields benign, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) reports benign stability. Overall, the preponderance of evidence indicates the variant is most likely benign, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status but provides a stronger leaning toward benignity. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		GAP	Uncertain		2	6-33441354-G-A	8	4.96e-6	-8.869	Likely Pathogenic	0.484	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.276	Likely Benign	-0.58	Ambiguous	0.1	0.29	Likely Benign	-0.15	Likely Benign	0.96	Ambiguous	-2.18	Neutral	0.994	Probably Damaging	0.806	Possibly Damaging	3.37	Benign	0.03	Affected	3.47	10	2	1	-2.3	32.06	257.8	-47.2	0.0	0.0	0.9	0.1						X		Potentially Benign	The isopropyl side chain of Val699, located on an α-helix (res. Leu685-Gln702), packs against hydrophobic residues (e.g., Leu703, Leu696, Leu435, Leu439) in the inter-helix space. In the variant simulations, the thioether side chain of Met699 has similar physicochemical properties to Val699 in the WT, and thus, it is able to maintain similar interactions. Consequently, the mutation causes no apparent changes in the structure.
c.2101C>T	P701S 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P701S (ClinVar ID 2995856.0) is listed as “Uncertain” in ClinVar and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33441360‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, Rosetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (Likely Benign). No tool in the dataset predicts a pathogenic outcome; all remaining predictions are either benign or uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as Benign, the SGM‑Consensus as Likely Benign, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) as Uncertain. Based on the collective evidence, the variant is most likely benign, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar status, which remains uncertain. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	GAP	Uncertain		1	6-33441360-C-T	3	1.86e-6	-4.375	Likely Benign	0.221	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.132	Likely Benign	1.33	Ambiguous	0.0	0.12	Likely Benign	0.73	Ambiguous	-0.36	Likely Benign	0.78	Neutral	0.044	Benign	0.025	Benign	3.48	Benign	1.00	Tolerated	3.47	10	-1	1	0.8	-10.04																10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.11.011
c.2105A>G	Q702R 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant Q702R is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, Foldetta, premPS, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Those that predict a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and SIFT. Predictions that remain inconclusive are Rosetta, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, Foldetta as benign, while the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is inconclusive due to equal benign and pathogenic signals. Overall, the majority of available predictions lean toward a benign impact, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		GAP	Uncertain		1				-7.894	In-Between	0.348	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.294	Likely Benign	-0.31	Likely Benign	0.1	0.63	Ambiguous	0.16	Likely Benign	0.13	Likely Benign	-3.14	Deleterious	0.909	Possibly Damaging	0.889	Possibly Damaging	3.43	Benign	0.02	Affected	3.47	10	1	1	-1.0	28.06	270.3	-52.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1		X						Potentially Pathogenic	The carboxamide side chain of Gln702 is located at the end and outer surface of an α-helix (res. Leu685-Gln702), where it does not directly form hydrogen bonds with any residues in the WT simulations. In the variant simulations, the positively charged guanidinium group of Arg702 forms a salt bridge with the negatively charged carboxylate group of Glu698 on the same helix and/or hydrogen bonds with the backbone carbonyl group of Ala438 on an opposite α-helix (res. Tyr428-Glu436). Consequently, the residue swap could strengthen the tertiary structure assembly, which could have either positive or negative effects on its function.
c.2111G>A	S704N 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S704N is listed in ClinVar as benign (ClinVar ID 962301.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33441370‑G‑A). Functional prediction tools largely agree on a benign effect: REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus all report benign or likely benign. Only polyPhen‑2 HumDiv predicts a pathogenic outcome, while premPS and AlphaMissense‑Default are uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments reinforce the benign consensus: AlphaMissense‑Optimized scores benign, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is likely benign, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) indicates benign stability. Overall, the predictions support a benign classification, consistent with the ClinVar status and with no contradiction. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	GAP	Benign/Likely benign		3	6-33441370-G-A	27	1.67e-5	-5.917	Likely Benign	0.421	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.058	Likely Benign	0.48	Likely Benign	0.1	-0.12	Likely Benign	0.18	Likely Benign	0.54	Ambiguous	-0.49	Neutral	0.771	Possibly Damaging	0.275	Benign	3.39	Benign	0.08	Tolerated	3.47	10	1	1	-2.7	27.03	233.2	-29.1	-0.1	0.0	-0.1	0.1						X		Potentially Benign	Ser704 is located at the end and outer surface of an α-helix (res. Thr704-Gly712), which is connected via a tight turn or loop to another α-helix (res. Asp684-Gln702). The hydroxyl side chain of Ser704 occasionally forms a hydrogen bond with the amide group of Ala707. However, in the variant simulations, the carboxamide side chain of Asn704 achieves more lasting and numerous hydrogen-bonding interactions with the residues at the helix end, such as Glu706, Ala707, and Leu708. Consequently, the residue swap could strengthen the α-helix secondary structure integrity at the helix end, which could have either positive or negative effects on its function.
c.2111G>C	S704T 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S704T is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Consensus from multiple in‑silico predictors shows a predominance of benign calls: REVEL, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus. Only polyPhen‑2 HumDiv predicts a pathogenic effect, while FoldX remains inconclusive. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign outcome: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign; the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is benign; and Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability calculations, also predicts benign. Overall, the aggregate evidence indicates that S704T is most likely benign, which is consistent with its ClinVar uncertain status rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	GAP	Uncertain		1				-4.930	Likely Benign	0.265	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.071	Likely Benign	0.80	Ambiguous	0.0	0.15	Likely Benign	0.48	Likely Benign	0.29	Likely Benign	-1.72	Neutral	0.525	Possibly Damaging	0.107	Benign	3.45	Benign	0.07	Tolerated	3.47	10	1	1	0.1	14.03	201.7	-18.0	0.0	0.0	-0.2	0.7						X		Potentially Benign	Ser704 is located at the end and outer surface of an α-helix (res. Thr704-Gly712), which is connected via a tight turn or loop to another α-helix (res. Asp684-Gln702). The hydroxyl side chain of Ser704 occasionally forms a hydrogen bond with the amide group of Ala707. Similarly, in the variant simulations, the hydroxyl side chain of Thr704 forms hydrogen bonds with the amide groups of Ala707 and Leu708. Thus, the residue swap does not cause any apparent structural change.
c.2113A>C	K705Q 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 K705Q missense variant (ClinVar ID 3699560.0) is listed as “Uncertain” in ClinVar and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33441372‑A‑C). Prediction tools that uniformly indicate a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. In contrast, polyPhen‑2 (both HumDiv and HumVar models) predict a pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign; the SGM Consensus—derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default (uncertain), ESM1b (benign), FATHMM (benign), and PROVEAN (benign)—also yields a benign classification; Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability outputs, predicts benign. Overall, the preponderance of evidence supports a benign impact for K705Q, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	GAP	Uncertain		1	6-33441372-A-C	1	6.20e-7	-5.787	Likely Benign	0.436	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.142	Likely Benign	-0.10	Likely Benign	0.0	0.33	Likely Benign	0.12	Likely Benign	-0.02	Likely Benign	-0.24	Neutral	0.997	Probably Damaging	0.969	Probably Damaging	3.42	Benign	0.78	Tolerated	3.47	10	1	1	0.4	-0.04
c.2115G>C	K705N 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant K705N is listed in ClinVar (ID 872011.0) as Pathogenic and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions (REVEL, Rosetta, premPS, FATHMM) and pathogenic predictions (PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default). Uncertain results come from FoldX, Foldetta, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. High‑accuracy assessments further support pathogenicity: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is inconclusive, but the SGM Consensus—derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN—classifies the variant as Likely Pathogenic, and Foldetta also yields an uncertain stability change. Overall, the preponderance of evidence indicates the variant is most likely pathogenic, which aligns with its ClinVar classification and does not contradict the reported status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Likely Pathogenic		1				-9.767	Likely Pathogenic	0.925	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.183	Likely Benign	0.74	Ambiguous	0.0	0.37	Likely Benign	0.56	Ambiguous	0.44	Likely Benign	-3.12	Deleterious	0.996	Probably Damaging	0.876	Possibly Damaging	3.37	Benign	0.02	Affected	3.47	10	1	0	0.4	-14.07	221.4	-20.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1						X		Uncertain	The amino side chain of Lys705, located at the end and outer surface of an α-helix (res. Thr704-Gly712), does not form any interactions in the WT simulations. In the variant simulations, the carboxamide side chain of Asn705 briefly forms a salt bridge with Glu706. However, there is no apparent difference between the systems. Due to the model ending abruptly at the C-terminus, no definite conclusions can be drawn based on the simulations.
c.2116G>A	E706K 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant E706K is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools largely agree on a benign effect: REVEL, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and FATHMM all classify the change as benign. In contrast, ESM1b and AlphaMissense‑Default predict a pathogenic impact. Tools that return uncertain results—FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized—do not provide decisive evidence. The SGM Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is inconclusive (two pathogenic versus two benign calls). High‑accuracy assessments are likewise ambiguous: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is uncertain, Foldetta is uncertain, and the SGM Consensus remains inconclusive. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a benign effect, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		GAP	Uncertain		1				-10.519	Likely Pathogenic	0.833	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.080	Likely Benign	1.17	Ambiguous	0.1	0.51	Ambiguous	0.84	Ambiguous	0.08	Likely Benign	-1.51	Neutral	0.345	Benign	0.028	Benign	4.15	Benign	0.52	Tolerated	3.47	10	0	1	-0.4	-0.94	187.1	49.2	0.0	0.0	0.4	0.1						X		Uncertain	The carboxylate side chain of Glu706, located at the end and outer surface of an α-helix (res. Thr704-Gly712), forms a salt bridge with Lys710 and a hydrogen bond with its own backbone amino group at the helix end in the WT simulations. Although Lys706 is unable to make these transient interactions in the variant simulations, there is no apparent negative effect on the protein structure due to the residue swap. However, because the model ends abruptly at the C-terminus, no definite conclusions can be drawn based on the simulations.
c.597C>A	N199K 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant N199K is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools largely agree on a benign effect: REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all classify the substitution as benign. Only ESM1b and AlphaMissense‑Default predict pathogenicity. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, Foldetta as benign, while the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is inconclusive due to a 2‑to‑2 split. Overall, the preponderance of evidence supports a benign impact, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		PH	Uncertain		1				-8.198	Likely Pathogenic	0.686	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.024	Likely Benign	-0.19	Likely Benign	0.1	0.03	Likely Benign	-0.08	Likely Benign	0.33	Likely Benign	-1.48	Neutral	0.276	Benign	0.083	Benign	4.27	Benign	0.13	Tolerated	3.47	9	1	0	-0.4	14.07	207.8	21.5	-0.1	1.5	0.1	0.0						X		Uncertain	Asn199, located in the N-terminal loop before the first anti-parallel β sheet strand (res. Ile205-Pro208), is replaced by a positively charged lysine. On the protein surface, both the carboxamide group of Asn199 and the amino group of Lys199 side chains can form hydrogen bonds with the backbone carbonyl groups of residues (e.g., Ala249) at the end of an α helix (res. Ala236-Lys251). However, since the model ends abruptly at the N-terminus, no definite conclusions can be drawn from the simulations.
c.899C>T	S300F 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant S300F is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that classify the variant as benign include REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Those that predict pathogenicity are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, and FATHMM. The remaining tool, AlphaMissense‑Default, gives an uncertain result. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) as pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) as benign. Overall, the majority of predictions lean toward pathogenicity, while two high‑accuracy methods support a benign effect. Thus, the variant is most likely pathogenic based on the current computational evidence, which does not contradict its ClinVar status of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	C2	Uncertain		1				-10.222	Likely Pathogenic	0.353	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.117	Likely Benign	-0.29	Likely Benign	0.4	0.16	Likely Benign	-0.07	Likely Benign	0.04	Likely Benign	-2.66	Deleterious	0.975	Probably Damaging	0.596	Possibly Damaging	1.52	Pathogenic	0.01	Affected	3.47	19	-3	-2	3.6	60.10	233.6	-67.6	-0.1	0.0	0.4	0.2	X	X						Potentially Pathogenic	The hydroxyl group of the Ser300 side chain, located in a β hairpin loop linking two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Met289-Pro298, res. Thr305-Asn315), hydrogen bonds with the guanidinium group of Arg299 and the backbone amide group and side chain of Ser302. Thus, in the WT simulations, it contributes to the β hairpin stability. In the variant simulations, the phenol ring of Phe300 cannot form any side chain-related hydrogen bonds, and Arg299 is moved away from its central hairpin loop position.β hairpins are potential nucleation sites during the initial stages of protein folding, so even minor changes in them could be significant. Due to its location near the membrane surface, the residue swap could also affect the C2 loop dynamics and SynGAP-membrane association. However, this is beyond the scope of the solvent-only simulations to unravel.
c.2131C>G	L711V 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant L711V is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33441596‑C‑G). Prediction tools that indicate a benign effect include REVEL, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. The majority of other in silico predictors—FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default—classify the change as pathogenic, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) reports it as likely pathogenic. High‑accuracy assessments further show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, SGM‑Consensus as likely pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) as pathogenic. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, which does not conflict with the ClinVar designation of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Uncertain		1	6-33441596-C-G	1	6.20e-7	-10.045	Likely Pathogenic	0.709	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.170	Likely Benign	3.48	Destabilizing	0.1	2.22	Destabilizing	2.85	Destabilizing	1.40	Destabilizing	-2.59	Deleterious	0.992	Probably Damaging	0.970	Probably Damaging	3.34	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.50	9	1	2	0.4	-14.03
c.2143C>T	P715S 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant P715S is listed in ClinVar as pathogenic (ClinVar ID 1804065.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33441608‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect are REVEL and FATHMM. Those that predict a pathogenic effect include FoldX, Foldetta, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and AlphaMissense‑Default. Predictions that are inconclusive are Rosetta, premPS, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as uncertain, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as pathogenic, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) as pathogenic. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a pathogenic impact, which is consistent with the ClinVar classification and does not contradict it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		GAP	Likely Pathogenic		1	6-33441608-C-T	1	6.20e-7	-7.635	In-Between	0.787	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.277	Likely Benign	3.54	Destabilizing	0.0	0.81	Ambiguous	2.18	Destabilizing	0.94	Ambiguous	-7.17	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.998	Probably Damaging	3.43	Benign	0.01	Affected	3.50	9	1	-1	0.8	-10.04	231.8	-14.0	-0.1	0.0	-0.8	0.1							X	Uncertain	Pro715, along with Gly712 and Pro713, are located in a hinge region of an α-helix making a ~90-degree turn (res. Lys705-Leu725). In the WT simulations, the pyrrolidine side chain of Pro715, lacking the backbone amide groups altogether, forces the tight helix turn to take place while also hydrophobically packing with nearby residues (e.g., Leu700, Leu708, Leu714, and Leu718). Leu715, with a normal amide backbone, could potentially affect protein folding and turn formation, although this was not observed in the variant simulations. Additionally, the hydroxyl group of the Ser715 side chain can form hydrogen bonds with the backbone carbonyl group of Gly712 and disrupt the hydrophobic packing arrangement of the leucine residues from the neighboring α-helices, impacting the GAP domain tertiary assembly.
c.2147G>A	R716Q 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 missense variant R716Q is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 411585.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33441612‑G‑A). Functional prediction tools that report a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, and ESM1b, while premPS is inconclusive. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, Foldetta as benign, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is inconclusive due to a 2‑vs‑2 split. Overall, the balance of evidence leans toward a benign impact, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		GAP	Conflicting		2	6-33441612-G-A	4	2.48e-6	-8.338	Likely Pathogenic	0.308	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.210	Likely Benign	-0.01	Likely Benign	0.0	0.47	Likely Benign	0.23	Likely Benign	0.58	Ambiguous	-3.14	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.990	Probably Damaging	3.35	Benign	0.02	Affected	3.50	9	1	1	1.0	-28.06	250.0	48.9	0.0	0.0	-0.5	0.0						X		Uncertain	The guanidinium group of Arg716, located on the outer surface of an α-helix (res. Leu714-Arg726), forms a salt bridge with the carboxylate group of Asp720. In the variant simulations, the carboxamide group of Gln716 also forms a hydrogen bond with the carboxylate group of Asp720, although this bond is weaker than the Arg716 salt bridge in the WT. Overall, no adverse effects on the protein structure are observed in the simulations. However, because the model ends abruptly at the C-terminus, no definite conclusions can be drawn based on the simulations.
c.2158G>A	D720N 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AISynGAP1 D720N is listed in ClinVar as benign (ClinVar ID 2837618.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33441623‑G‑A). Prediction tools that indicate a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN). High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, Foldetta as benign, and the SGM Consensus as pathogenic. With seven pathogenic versus six benign predictions overall, the variant is most likely pathogenic according to in‑silico evidence, which contradicts the benign classification in ClinVar. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Likely Benign		1	6-33441623-G-A	5	3.10e-6	-9.135	Likely Pathogenic	0.654	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.289	Likely Benign	0.01	Likely Benign	0.0	-0.20	Likely Benign	-0.10	Likely Benign	0.46	Likely Benign	-3.74	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.995	Probably Damaging	2.18	Pathogenic	0.01	Affected	3.50	9	1	2	0.0	-0.98
c.2162T>G	I721S 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant I721S is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that assess the variant’s effect fall into two groups: the single benign prediction comes from REVEL, while all other evaluated algorithms (FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized) predict a pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy methods reinforce this view: AlphaMissense‑Optimized reports pathogenic, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is “Likely Pathogenic,” and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) also predicts pathogenic. No predictions are missing or inconclusive. Based on the overwhelming consensus of pathogenic predictions, the variant is most likely pathogenic, which does not contradict its current ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	GAP	Uncertain		1				-14.032	Likely Pathogenic	0.996	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.466	Likely Benign	3.91	Destabilizing	0.1	3.96	Destabilizing	3.94	Destabilizing	2.28	Destabilizing	-5.26	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	1.000	Probably Damaging	2.21	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.50	9	-1	-2	-5.3	-26.08	203.3	49.3	-0.1	0.0	-1.1	0.0							X	Uncertain	The sec-butyl side chain of Ile721, located on an α-helix (res. Leu714-Arg726), engages in hydrophobic packing with other residues in the hydrophobic inter-helix space, such as Phe420, Tyr417, His693, and Leu717. In the variant simulations, the hydroxyl side chain of Ser721 forms hydrogen bonds with nearby residues, such as Leu717 and His693. Although no major structural changes are observed during the variant simulations, the hydrophilic residue Ser721 could disrupt the hydrophobic packing during folding. However, because the model ends abruptly at the C-terminus, no definite conclusions can be drawn based on the simulations.
c.2168C>T	T723I 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant T723I is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 436924.0) and is observed in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33441633‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools largely agree on a benign effect: REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all predict benign. Only SIFT classifies the change as pathogenic. The SGM Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports “Likely Benign.” High‑accuracy assessments reinforce this view: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign, the SGM Consensus is likely benign, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) also indicates a benign impact. No prediction or stability result is missing or inconclusive. Based on the collective evidence, the variant is most likely benign, and this conclusion is consistent with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	GAP	Likely Benign		1	6-33441633-C-T	2	1.24e-6	-2.591	Likely Benign	0.120	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.045	Likely Benign	-0.39	Likely Benign	0.0	-0.20	Likely Benign	-0.30	Likely Benign	0.26	Likely Benign	-2.09	Neutral	0.088	Benign	0.030	Benign	3.39	Benign	0.03	Affected	3.50	8	0	-1	5.2	12.05	252.3	-31.6	0.0	0.0	-0.2	0.2						X		Uncertain	The hydroxyl group of Thr723, located on the outer surface of an α-helix (res. Leu714-Arg726), continuously forms hydrogen bonds with the backbone carbonyl of Asn719 in the WT simulations, potentially lowering the stability of the α-helix. In the variant simulations, the sec-butyl side chain of Ile723 cannot form any hydrogen bonds, which, in theory, could increase the helix stability. However, because the model ends abruptly at the C-terminus, no definite conclusions can be drawn based on the simulations.
c.1118G>T	G373V 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant G373V is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33438023‑G‑T). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (Likely Benign). Tools that predict a pathogenic outcome are FoldX, Foldetta, and SIFT, while Rosetta is inconclusive. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM‑Consensus as Likely Benign, and Foldetta as pathogenic. Overall, the majority of predictions support a benign impact, and this consensus does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	C2	Uncertain		1	6-33438023-G-T	6	5.03e-6	-6.062	Likely Benign	0.112	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.428	Likely Benign	5.32	Destabilizing	3.2	0.82	Ambiguous	3.07	Destabilizing	0.09	Likely Benign	-0.98	Neutral	0.007	Benign	0.001	Benign	3.90	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.53	16	-1	-3	4.6	42.08	207.6	-68.1	1.9	1.1	-0.6	0.1								Uncertain	Gly373 is located in the Gly-rich Ω loop (res. Pro364-Pro398) between two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Thr359-Pro364, res. Ala399-Ile411). Because the Ω loop is assumed to directly interact with the membrane, it moves arbitrarily throughout the WT solvent simulations. The Ω loop potentially plays a crucial role in the SynGAP-membrane complex association, stability, and dynamics. However, this aspect cannot be fully addressed through solvent simulations alone.Ω loops are known to play major roles in protein functions that require flexibility, and thus hydrophobic residues like valine are rarely tolerated. Although no negative structural effects are observed in the variant simulations, Val373 may exert drastic effects on the SynGAP-membrane complex dynamics and stability. However, since the effect on the Gly-rich Ω loop dynamics can only be studied through the SynGAP-membrane complex, no definite conclusions can be drawn.
c.526A>G	S176G 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S176G is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33435168‑A‑G). Consensus among most in silico predictors is benign: REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all report a benign effect. No tool predicts pathogenicity. Two predictors are inconclusive: ESM1b and AlphaMissense‑Default, which are grouped under uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign outcome: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign, while the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) remains uncertain, and Foldetta stability analysis is unavailable. Overall, the computational evidence overwhelmingly favors a benign impact, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.			Uncertain		1	6-33435168-A-G	1	6.20e-7	-7.541	In-Between	0.360	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.066	Likely Benign										-1.08	Neutral	0.131	Benign	0.039	Benign	4.08	Benign	0.22	Tolerated	3.54	6	0	1	0.4	-30.03
c.583G>C	A195P 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant A195P is listed in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 375527.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that indicate a benign effect are REVEL and FATHMM, whereas the remaining tools—PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus—predict a pathogenic outcome. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is “Likely Pathogenic.” High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as pathogenic and the SGM‑Consensus as likely pathogenic; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the preponderance of evidence supports a pathogenic classification, which aligns with the ClinVar status and does not contradict it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic		Likely Pathogenic		1				-9.715	Likely Pathogenic	0.978	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.152	Likely Benign										-3.03	Deleterious	0.997	Probably Damaging	0.916	Probably Damaging	4.00	Benign	0.04	Affected	3.54	6	1	-1	-3.4	26.04
c.2186A>G	N729S 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant N729S is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, FoldX, premPS, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN). No tool in the dataset predicts a pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM Consensus also as benign, while Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) is inconclusive. Based on the collective predictions, the variant is most likely benign, and this assessment does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	GAP	Uncertain		1				-1.578	Likely Benign	0.066	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.063	Likely Benign	0.14	Likely Benign	0.1	1.34	Ambiguous	0.74	Ambiguous	-0.36	Likely Benign	-0.42	Neutral	0.221	Benign	0.027	Benign	3.38	Benign	0.93	Tolerated	3.59	7	1	1	2.7	-27.03
c.2195G>A	R732K 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R732K is listed in ClinVar (ID 537019.0) with an “Uncertain” clinical significance and is present in gnomAD (6‑33441660‑G‑A). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (Likely Benign). In contrast, the two polyPhen‑2 implementations (HumDiv and HumVar) predict a pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as Likely Benign; no Foldetta stability result is available. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, and this consensus does not conflict with the ClinVar “Uncertain” status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Conflicting		2	6-33441660-G-A	4	2.48e-6	-5.278	Likely Benign	0.240	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.045	Likely Benign										-0.82	Neutral	0.973	Probably Damaging	0.943	Probably Damaging	2.69	Benign	0.21	Tolerated	3.59	7	3	2	0.6	-28.01
c.2195G>C	R732T 2D AISynGAP1 missense variant R732T is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign (REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Optimized) and pathogenic (polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b). AlphaMissense‑Default remains uncertain. The high‑accuracy AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts a benign effect, and the SGM Consensus—derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN—also favors a benign outcome. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method that integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the preponderance of evidence from both general and high‑accuracy predictors points to a benign impact, which does not contradict the current ClinVar designation of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.			Uncertain		1				-8.545	Likely Pathogenic	0.434	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.075	Likely Benign										-1.96	Neutral	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.892	Possibly Damaging	2.59	Benign	0.12	Tolerated	3.59	7	-1	-1	3.8	-55.08
c.323A>G	K108R 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant K108R is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33432188‑A‑G). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. In contrast, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar) predict a pathogenic impact. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports a “Likely Benign” classification. High‑accuracy assessments further support benignity: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign, and the SGM‑Consensus itself is benign; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign effect, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” designation. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Uncertain		1	6-33432188-A-G	6	3.72e-6	-2.892	Likely Benign	0.148	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.184	Likely Benign										0.37	Neutral	0.993	Probably Damaging	0.956	Probably Damaging	4.22	Benign	1.00	Tolerated	3.61	5	3	2	-0.6	28.01
c.335G>C	G112A 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant G112A is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 1425533.0) and is present in gnomAD (6‑33432200‑G‑C). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (Likely Benign). Only SIFT predicts a pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign classification: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) is also benign. Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the majority of computational evidence indicates that the variant is most likely benign, which is consistent with its ClinVar status of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Uncertain		1	6-33432200-G-C	15	9.30e-6	-2.456	Likely Benign	0.119	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.114	Likely Benign										-2.34	Neutral	0.231	Benign	0.054	Benign	4.07	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.61	5	1	0	2.2	14.03
c.371C>T	A124V 2D AIThe SynGAP1 A124V missense variant is listed in ClinVar (ID 1040523.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33432236‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Only SIFT predicts a pathogenic outcome. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports a “Likely Benign” classification. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as likely benign; Foldetta results are not available. Overall, the majority of computational evidence indicates a benign effect, and this consensus does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” designation. Thus, the variant is most likely benign based on current predictions. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Conflicting		2	6-33432236-C-T	9	5.58e-6	-4.259	Likely Benign	0.138	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.073	Likely Benign										-1.52	Neutral	0.173	Benign	0.009	Benign	4.07	Benign	0.03	Affected	3.61	5	0	0	2.4	28.05
c.373C>T	P125S 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P125S is listed in ClinVar (ID 837156.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, while pathogenic predictions come from PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, and SIFT. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, classifies the variant as “Likely Benign.” High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as likely benign; the Foldetta protein‑folding stability analysis is unavailable. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a benign impact, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar designation, which remains uncertain. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Uncertain		1				-3.769	Likely Benign	0.238	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.121	Likely Benign										-3.57	Deleterious	0.580	Possibly Damaging	0.140	Benign	2.86	Benign	0.02	Affected	3.61	5	1	-1	0.8	-10.04
c.391G>C	G131R 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant G131R is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from REVEL, ESM1b, and FATHMM, while pathogenic predictions are made by PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. The SGM Consensus, which aggregates AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is inconclusive due to a 2‑to‑2 split and therefore does not contribute evidence. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the majority of high‑confidence tools predict a pathogenic effect, and the variant is most likely pathogenic based on current predictions, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.			Uncertain		1				-6.564	Likely Benign	0.983	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.099	Likely Benign										-3.82	Deleterious	0.983	Probably Damaging	0.656	Possibly Damaging	3.92	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.61	5	-2	-3	-4.1	99.14
c.401G>A	S134N 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S134N is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status (ClinVar ID 2819575.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), ESM1b, and FATHMM. Those that predict a pathogenic effect are SIFT and AlphaMissense‑Default. The remaining tools—AlphaMissense‑Optimized and the SGM‑Consensus—are inconclusive; the consensus score is “Likely Benign” based on a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as uncertain, SGM‑Consensus as likely benign, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta) has no available result. Overall, the balance of evidence points to a benign impact, which does not contradict the current ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Uncertain		1				-5.534	Likely Benign	0.813	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.075	Likely Benign										-1.62	Neutral	0.001	Benign	0.002	Benign	3.90	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.61	5	1	1	-2.7	27.03
c.404G>A	R135Q 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R135Q is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33432701‑G‑A). Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and FATHMM; pathogenic predictions come from SIFT, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The remaining high‑accuracy assessments are inconclusive: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is uncertain, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is a 2‑to‑2 tie, and Foldetta stability analysis is not available. Overall, the balance of evidence favors a benign effect, and this conclusion does not conflict with the ClinVar designation of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.			Uncertain		1	6-33432701-G-A	5	3.84e-6	-8.011	Likely Pathogenic	0.853	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.087	Likely Benign										-1.94	Neutral	0.327	Benign	0.100	Benign	3.76	Benign	0.02	Affected	3.61	5	1	1	1.0	-28.06
c.406C>T	R136W 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R136W is listed in ClinVar (ID 1479441.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and FATHMM, whereas pathogenic predictions are made by PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, classifies the variant as Likely Pathogenic. High‑accuracy assessments further support pathogenicity: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts a deleterious effect, and the SGM‑Consensus also indicates Likely Pathogenic. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the majority of computational evidence points to a pathogenic impact, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic		Uncertain		2				-10.453	Likely Pathogenic	0.989	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.237	Likely Benign										-4.71	Deleterious	0.965	Probably Damaging	0.416	Benign	3.45	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.61	5	2	-3	3.6	30.03
c.407G>A	R136Q 2D AIThe SynGAP1 R136Q variant is listed in ClinVar as benign and is present in gnomAD (6‑33432704‑G‑A). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and FATHMM, while those that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, SIFT, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. AlphaMissense‑Optimized returns an uncertain result. The SGM Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is inconclusive due to a 2‑vs‑2 split, and Foldetta (a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) has no reported result for this variant. Based on the available predictions, the variant is most likely benign, which aligns with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.			Benign		1	6-33432704-G-A	13	9.17e-6	-11.146	Likely Pathogenic	0.950	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.190	Likely Benign										-2.26	Neutral	0.957	Probably Damaging	0.342	Benign	3.52	Benign	0.01	Affected	3.61	5	1	1	1.0	-28.06
c.407G>C	R136P 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R136P is listed in ClinVar (ID 579340.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect are REVEL and FATHMM, whereas the remaining tools—PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus—predict a pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments further support pathogenicity: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is pathogenic, and the SGM‑Consensus (derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) also indicates pathogenicity. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic		Uncertain		1				-11.952	Likely Pathogenic	0.981	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.277	Likely Benign										-3.72	Deleterious	0.910	Possibly Damaging	0.578	Possibly Damaging	3.47	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.61	5	0	-2	2.9	-59.07
c.416G>A	S139N 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S139N is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33432713‑G‑A). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN). Only AlphaMissense‑Default predicts a pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM‑Consensus as likely benign, and Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Uncertain		1	6-33432713-G-A	3	2.22e-6	-4.584	Likely Benign	0.688	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.109	Likely Benign										-0.75	Neutral	0.149	Benign	0.047	Benign	4.14	Benign	0.24	Tolerated	3.61	5	1	1	-2.7	27.03
c.431C>T	T144M 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant T144M is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status (ClinVar ID 2231966.0) and is present in the gnomAD database (gnomAD ID 6‑33432728‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and FATHMM. Those that predict a pathogenic effect comprise PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, SIFT, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The SGM‑Consensus, which aggregates the majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports the variant as “Likely Pathogenic.” High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as “Uncertain,” SGM‑Consensus as “Likely Pathogenic,” and Foldetta (a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) has no available result for this variant. Overall, the majority of computational predictions lean toward a pathogenic impact, and this assessment does not contradict the ClinVar designation of uncertainty. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic		Uncertain		2	6-33432728-C-T	2	1.30e-6	-11.228	Likely Pathogenic	0.922	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.118	Likely Benign										-3.16	Deleterious	0.913	Possibly Damaging	0.333	Benign	3.73	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.61	5	-1	-1	2.6	30.09
c.451G>C	D151H 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant D151H is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33432748‑G‑C). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL and FATHMM, whereas the remaining tools (PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized) all predict a pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments further support a deleterious impact: AlphaMissense‑Optimized classifies the variant as pathogenic, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) reports it as “Likely Pathogenic.” No Foldetta stability result is available for this variant. Overall, the majority of computational evidence indicates that D151H is most likely pathogenic, which does not contradict the current ClinVar status of uncertainty. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic		Uncertain		1	6-33432748-G-C	2	1.26e-6	-11.747	Likely Pathogenic	0.994	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.335	Likely Benign										-3.90	Deleterious	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.995	Probably Damaging	3.86	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.61	5	-1	1	0.3	22.05
c.453C>A	D151E 2D AIThe SynGAP1 D151E variant is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, and FATHMM. Those that predict a pathogenic outcome are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The SGM‑Consensus, which aggregates AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports a “Likely Benign” classification. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as “Uncertain,” SGM‑Consensus as “Likely Benign,” and Foldetta (a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta) has no available result for this variant. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign effect, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” designation. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Uncertain		1				-5.662	Likely Benign	0.886	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.142	Likely Benign										-2.02	Neutral	0.984	Probably Damaging	0.967	Probably Damaging	3.99	Benign	0.11	Tolerated	3.61	5	3	2	0.0	14.03
c.455G>A	R152Q 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R152Q is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33432752‑G‑A). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, and FATHMM, whereas those that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. The SGM Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is inconclusive (two pathogenic, two benign). High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as pathogenic; the SGM Consensus remains unavailable, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) has no reported result for this variant. Overall, the preponderance of evidence (seven pathogenic versus three benign predictions) indicates that the variant is most likely pathogenic, which does not contradict the current ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.			Uncertain		1	6-33432752-G-A	5	3.14e-6	-10.336	Likely Pathogenic	0.989	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.181	Likely Benign										-2.34	Neutral	0.997	Probably Damaging	0.968	Probably Damaging	3.89	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.61	5	1	1	1.0	-28.06
c.458C>A	T153N 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant T153N is listed in ClinVar (ID 984906.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools largely agree on a benign effect: REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all predict benign, while the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) also indicates a likely benign outcome. In contrast, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar) predict pathogenic. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as likely benign; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the majority of evidence supports a benign classification, and this is consistent with the ClinVar “Uncertain” designation rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Conflicting		3				-0.739	Likely Benign	0.226	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.161	Likely Benign										0.88	Neutral	0.888	Possibly Damaging	0.537	Possibly Damaging	4.23	Benign	0.81	Tolerated	3.61	5	0	0	-2.8	13.00
c.514C>T	R172W 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R172W is listed in ClinVar (ID 996892.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33435156‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL and FATHMM. Those that predict a pathogenic effect comprise PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default; the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is “Likely Pathogenic.” AlphaMissense‑Optimized is uncertain, and Foldetta results are unavailable. High‑accuracy assessments therefore indicate a likely pathogenic outcome (SGM‑Consensus) with no definitive stabilizing‑folding evidence. Overall, the majority of computational predictions support a pathogenic classification, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” designation. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic		Uncertain		2	6-33435156-C-T	9	5.58e-6	-10.258	Likely Pathogenic	0.878	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.228	Likely Benign										-3.61	Deleterious	0.997	Probably Damaging	0.803	Possibly Damaging	3.95	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.61	5	2	-3	3.6	30.03
c.515G>A	R172Q 2D AISynGAP1 missense variant R172Q is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33435157‑G‑A). Functional prediction tools that agree on benign impact include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Those that predict pathogenicity are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv and SIFT, while ESM1b and AlphaMissense‑Default are inconclusive. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) also returns benign. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign effect, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.			Uncertain		1	6-33435157-G-A	3	1.86e-6	-7.245	In-Between	0.465	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.135	Likely Benign										-1.72	Neutral	0.804	Possibly Damaging	0.091	Benign	4.04	Benign	0.04	Affected	3.61	5	1	1	1.0	-28.06
c.2200C>T	P734S 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P734S is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 2283225.0) and is present in the gnomAD database (gnomAD ID 6‑33441665‑C‑T). Functional prediction tools uniformly classify the variant as benign: REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all report benign effects. No tool predicts pathogenicity. The high‑accuracy consensus methods corroborate this benign assessment: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) indicates a likely benign outcome. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability predictor combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, did not provide a result for this variant, so its status is unavailable. Overall, the computational evidence strongly supports a benign classification, which is consistent with the ClinVar uncertain status rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Uncertain		2	6-33441665-C-T	2	1.24e-6	-4.291	Likely Benign	0.077	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.030	Likely Benign										-2.44	Neutral	0.344	Benign	0.048	Benign	2.77	Benign	0.11	Tolerated	3.64	6	1	-1	0.8	-10.04																10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.11.011
c.2291A>G	N764S 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant N764S is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 1948460.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include SGM‑Consensus (Likely Benign), REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. In contrast, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar) predict a pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as Benign and the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as Likely Benign; Foldetta stability analysis is unavailable. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign effect, consistent with the ClinVar classification, and there is no contradiction between the predictions and the reported ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Benign		1				-3.149	Likely Benign	0.159	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.058	Likely Benign										-0.84	Neutral	0.992	Probably Damaging	0.846	Possibly Damaging	2.65	Benign	0.61	Tolerated	3.64	6	1	1	2.7	-27.03
c.2294G>A	S765N 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S765N (ClinVar ID 2979632.0) is listed as “Uncertain” in ClinVar and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus score (Likely Benign). In contrast, PolyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar) predict a pathogenic impact. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign interpretation: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is also benign. No Foldetta stability prediction is available, so it does not influence the assessment. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign effect, which is consistent with the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification and does not contradict it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Uncertain		1				-5.098	Likely Benign	0.378	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.094	Likely Benign										-0.94	Neutral	0.985	Probably Damaging	0.950	Probably Damaging	4.11	Benign	0.06	Tolerated	3.64	6	1	1	-2.7	27.03
c.2299A>G	I767V 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant I767V is listed in ClinVar (ID 1402700.0) with an “Uncertain” clinical significance and is not reported in gnomAD. All evaluated in‑silico predictors classify the substitution as benign: REVEL, PROVEAN, PolyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all return benign scores. The SGM‑Consensus, which aggregates the majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, also reports a “Likely Benign” outcome. No tool predicts pathogenicity. High‑accuracy assessments confirm this: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign, SGM‑Consensus is likely benign, while Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability predictions) has no available result for this variant. Overall, the computational evidence strongly supports a benign effect, and this conclusion does not contradict the current ClinVar status of uncertainty. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Uncertain		1				-2.791	Likely Benign	0.064	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.096	Likely Benign										0.10	Neutral	0.072	Benign	0.029	Benign	4.21	Benign	1.00	Tolerated	3.64	6	4	3	-0.3	-14.03
c.2300T>C	I767T 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant I767T is listed in ClinVar (ID 1044161.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools largely agree on a benign effect: REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all predict benign. Only polyPhen‑2 HumDiv flags the variant as pathogenic, creating a single discordant prediction. The high‑accuracy consensus from SGM (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) yields a “Likely Benign” classification, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized also reports benign. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a benign impact, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” designation. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Uncertain		1				-3.749	Likely Benign	0.252	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.138	Likely Benign										-0.78	Neutral	0.625	Possibly Damaging	0.249	Benign	4.12	Benign	0.46	Tolerated	3.64	6	0	-1	-5.2	-12.05
c.2302G>A	D768N 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant D768N is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33442460‑G‑A). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN). No tool predicts a pathogenic outcome; AlphaMissense‑Default is uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign classification: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign, the SGM‑Consensus is “Likely Benign,” and Foldetta data are unavailable. Overall, the consensus of available predictions indicates that the variant is most likely benign, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” designation. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Uncertain		1	6-33442460-G-A	2	2.57e-6	-6.892	Likely Benign	0.453	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.048	Likely Benign										-0.77	Neutral	0.106	Benign	0.009	Benign	4.07	Benign	0.96	Tolerated	3.64	6	1	2	0.0	-0.98
c.2302G>T	D768Y 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant D768Y is listed in ClinVar with status “Uncertain” (ClinVar ID 1061652.0) and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33442460‑G‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, SIFT, and FATHMM, whereas those that predict a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports the variant as “Likely Pathogenic.” High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as “Uncertain,” SGM‑Consensus as “Likely Pathogenic,” and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) is unavailable for this variant. Overall, the majority of computational evidence points to a pathogenic impact, which does not contradict the ClinVar designation of uncertainty. Thus, based on current predictions, the variant is most likely pathogenic. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic		Uncertain		1	6-33442460-G-T			-9.866	Likely Pathogenic	0.824	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.234	Likely Benign										-2.86	Deleterious	0.989	Probably Damaging	0.806	Possibly Damaging	4.01	Benign	0.07	Tolerated	3.64	6	-4	-3	2.2	48.09
c.2324G>A	R775Q 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R775Q is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33442482‑G‑A). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN). In contrast, polyPhen‑2 (both HumDiv and HumVar models) predict a pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign interpretation: AlphaMissense‑Optimized scores benign, and the SGM‑Consensus (derived from the same set of high‑confidence predictors) is “Likely Benign.” No Foldetta stability prediction is available, so it does not influence the assessment. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign effect, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Conflicting		3	6-33442482-G-A	11	1.41e-5	-4.476	Likely Benign	0.229	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.085	Likely Benign										-0.63	Neutral	0.969	Probably Damaging	0.863	Possibly Damaging	4.17	Benign	0.16	Tolerated	3.64	6	1	1	1.0	-28.06																10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.11.011
c.2324G>C	R775P 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R775P (ClinVar ID 2959355.0) is classified as Benign in ClinVar and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include SGM‑Consensus (Likely Benign), REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv and polyPhen‑2 HumVar; AlphaMissense‑Default remains uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as Benign and the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as Likely Benign; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, consistent with the ClinVar designation, and there is no contradiction with the reported ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Benign		1				-5.072	Likely Benign	0.452	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.168	Likely Benign										-0.79	Neutral	0.971	Probably Damaging	0.944	Probably Damaging	4.13	Benign	0.07	Tolerated	3.64	6	-2	0	2.9	-59.07
c.2339C>G	S780C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S780C is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33442891‑C‑G). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN). No tool in the dataset predicts a pathogenic outcome; ESM1b is inconclusive and therefore treated as unavailable. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as likely benign, while Foldetta results are not reported and thus unavailable. Based on the collective predictions, the variant is most likely benign, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Uncertain		4	6-33442891-C-G	16	9.94e-6	-7.603	In-Between	0.278	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.078	Likely Benign										-1.41	Neutral	0.065	Benign	0.043	Benign	2.59	Benign	0.10	Tolerated	3.64	6	-1	0	3.3	16.06
c.2343G>A	M781I 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant M781I is listed in ClinVar (ID 2802065.0) as Benign and is not reported in gnomAD. All available in‑silico predictors classify the substitution as benign: REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. No tool predicts pathogenicity. High‑accuracy assessments corroborate this: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) indicates Likely Benign. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the predictions strongly support a benign effect, consistent with the ClinVar designation. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Benign		1				-2.484	Likely Benign	0.323	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.101	Likely Benign										0.05	Neutral	0.000	Benign	0.001	Benign	2.89	Benign	1.00	Tolerated	3.64	6	1	2	2.6	-18.03
c.2349G>A	M783I 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant M783I is listed in ClinVar as a benign alteration (ClinVar ID 3618151.0) and is present in the gnomAD database (gnomAD ID 6‑33442901‑G‑A). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN). No tool in the dataset predicts a pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign classification: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign, and the SGM‑Consensus also indicates a likely benign effect. The Foldetta protein‑folding stability analysis is not available for this variant. Overall, the computational evidence strongly suggests that the variant is most likely benign, in agreement with its ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Benign		1	6-33442901-G-A	6	3.72e-6	-3.560	Likely Benign	0.418	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.042	Likely Benign										-0.54	Neutral	0.004	Benign	0.006	Benign	2.87	Benign	0.22	Tolerated	3.64	6	1	2	2.6	-18.03
c.2350G>A	A784T 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant A784T is listed in ClinVar (ID 962668.0) as Benign and is not reported in gnomAD. Across the available in‑silico predictors, every tool examined—REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized—consistently classifies the substitution as benign. No tool predicts pathogenicity. High‑accuracy assessments reinforce this consensus: AlphaMissense‑Optimized reports a benign effect, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) indicates a likely benign outcome. A Foldetta stability analysis is unavailable, so it does not influence the overall interpretation. Based on the unanimous benign predictions and the ClinVar designation, the variant is most likely benign, with no contradiction to the ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Benign		1				-3.579	Likely Benign	0.089	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.046	Likely Benign										1.23	Neutral	0.001	Benign	0.006	Benign	2.92	Benign	1.00	Tolerated	3.64	6	1	0	-2.5	30.03
c.2353C>T	R785C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 R785C missense variant is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33442905‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Those that predict a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, SIFT, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Default. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, while the SGM Consensus—derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN—indicates a likely pathogenic outcome. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the majority of computational evidence points toward a pathogenic impact, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	SH3-binding motif	Uncertain		1	6-33442905-C-T	29	1.80e-5	-5.887	Likely Benign	0.662	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.126	Likely Benign										-5.06	Deleterious	0.144	Benign	0.046	Benign	2.22	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.64	6	-4	-3	7.0	-53.05
c.2354G>A	R785H 2D AIThe SynGAP1 R785H missense variant (ClinVar ID 2321588.0) is listed as “Uncertain” in ClinVar and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33442906‑G‑A). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, while those that predict a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and FATHMM; AlphaMissense‑Default remains uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized classifying the variant as benign, whereas the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) indicates a pathogenic outcome. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, does not provide a result for this variant. Overall, the majority of computational predictions (five pathogenic versus three benign) lean toward a pathogenic interpretation. Thus, the variant is most likely pathogenic based on current predictions, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar status, which remains uncertain. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		SH3-binding motif	Uncertain		2	6-33442906-G-A	4	2.50e-6	-4.782	Likely Benign	0.388	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.129	Likely Benign										-2.61	Deleterious	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.947	Probably Damaging	2.25	Pathogenic	0.01	Affected	3.64	6	2	0	1.3	-19.05
c.2359C>A	P787T 2D AISynGAP1 missense variant P787T is listed in ClinVar as benign (ClinVar ID 862728.0) and is present in gnomAD (6‑33442911‑C‑A). Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from REVEL, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, while pathogenic predictions are made by AlphaMissense‑Default, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, FATHMM, and the SGM‑Consensus score. The high‑accuracy AlphaMissense‑Optimized result is benign, whereas the SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is pathogenic. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, which contradicts the ClinVar benign classification. Thus, the variant is most likely pathogenic, contradicting the ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic	SH3-binding motif	Likely Benign		1	6-33442911-C-A	17	1.05e-5	-4.813	Likely Benign	0.603	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.258	Likely Benign										-4.40	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.999	Probably Damaging	2.46	Pathogenic	0.01	Affected	3.64	6	0	-1	0.9	3.99
c.2359C>T	P787S 2D AIThe SynGAP1 P787S variant is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33442911‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, while those that predict a pathogenic outcome are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and FATHMM; AlphaMissense‑Default remains uncertain. The high‑accuracy consensus (SGM Consensus) derived from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN yields a pathogenic majority. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, and this assessment does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		SH3-binding motif	Uncertain		1	6-33442911-C-T	3	1.86e-6	-4.203	Likely Benign	0.564	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.221	Likely Benign										-3.81	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.999	Probably Damaging	2.48	Pathogenic	0.02	Affected	3.64	6	-1	1	0.8	-10.04
c.2362T>A	S788T 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S788T is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 392728.0) and is present in the gnomAD database (gnomAD ID 6‑33442914‑T‑A). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus score, which is derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN. Tools that predict a pathogenic outcome are polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and FATHMM. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized classifying the variant as benign, while the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote) also favors a benign interpretation. No Foldetta stability prediction is available for this variant. Overall, the majority of computational evidence points to a benign effect, which is consistent with the ClinVar uncertain status rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	SH3-binding motif	Uncertain		2	6-33442914-T-A	4	2.49e-6	-4.288	Likely Benign	0.288	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.092	Likely Benign										-2.25	Neutral	0.979	Probably Damaging	0.982	Probably Damaging	1.55	Pathogenic	0.02	Affected	3.64	6	1	1	0.1	14.03
c.2369C>A	T790N 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant T790N is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in the gnomAD database (ID 6‑33442921‑C‑A). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Those that predict a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and FATHMM. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign; the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is inconclusive and therefore unavailable, and Foldetta results are not reported. Overall, the majority of conventional tools (5 pathogenic vs. 4 benign) lean toward a pathogenic interpretation, while the single high‑accuracy tool suggests benign. The variant’s ClinVar status remains uncertain, so there is no contradiction with the current clinical classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		SH3-binding motif	Conflicting		3	6-33442921-C-A	69	4.28e-5	-5.243	Likely Benign	0.276	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.103	Likely Benign										-2.54	Deleterious	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.997	Probably Damaging	2.27	Pathogenic	0.02	Affected	3.64	6	0	0	-2.8	13.00
c.2369C>G	T790S 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant T790S is listed in ClinVar (ID 1020340.0) with an “Uncertain” clinical significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (Likely Benign). In contrast, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and FATHMM predict a pathogenic impact. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus also as likely benign; a Foldetta stability analysis is unavailable. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign effect, and this is consistent with the ClinVar “Uncertain” status rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	SH3-binding motif	Uncertain		1				-3.914	Likely Benign	0.123	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.134	Likely Benign										-1.83	Neutral	0.997	Probably Damaging	0.989	Probably Damaging	2.39	Pathogenic	0.33	Tolerated	3.64	6	1	1	-0.1	-14.03
c.1172G>T	G391V 2D 3DClick to see structure in 3D Viewer AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant G391V is listed in ClinVar as Benign (ClinVar ID 1014488.0) and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33438077‑G‑T). Prediction tools that classify the variant as benign include premPS, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus. Tools that predict pathogenicity are REVEL, FoldX, Rosetta, Foldetta, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and FATHMM. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) as benign, and Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) as pathogenic. With two high‑accuracy tools supporting benign and one supporting pathogenic, the overall prediction leans toward a benign effect. This conclusion aligns with the ClinVar benign classification, so there is no contradiction with the existing clinical annotation. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	C2	Likely Benign		1	6-33438077-G-T	3	1.86e-6	-6.642	Likely Benign	0.133	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.595	Likely Pathogenic	4.23	Destabilizing	1.3	4.81	Destabilizing	4.52	Destabilizing	-0.11	Likely Benign	-0.98	Neutral	0.994	Probably Damaging	0.887	Possibly Damaging	1.32	Pathogenic	0.10	Tolerated	3.69	8	-1	-3	4.6	42.08	228.6	-69.0	0.0	0.8	-0.5	0.3								Uncertain	Gly387 is located in the Gly-rich Ω loop (res. Pro364-Pro398) between two anti-parallel β sheet strands (res. Thr359-Pro364 and res. Ala399-Ile411). The Ω loop is assumed to directly interact with the membrane, and it is observed to move arbitrarily throughout the WT solvent simulations. This loop potentially plays a crucial role in the SynGAP-membrane complex association, stability, and dynamics. However, this aspect cannot be fully addressed through solvent simulations alone.Ω loops are known to play significant roles in protein functions that require flexibility, and thus hydrophobic residues like valine are rarely tolerated. Although no negative structural effects are visualized in the variant’s simulations, Val391 may exert drastic effects on the SynGAP-membrane complex dynamics and stability. Since the effects on the Gly-rich Ω loop dynamics can only be well studied through the SynGAP-membrane complex, no definite conclusions can be drawn.
c.380G>A	R127Q 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R127Q (ClinVar ID 2898917.0) is listed as ClinVar status Uncertain and is present in gnomAD (6‑33432245‑G‑A). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Only SIFT predicts a pathogenic outcome. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports a Likely Benign classification. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as Likely Benign; Foldetta stability analysis is unavailable. Overall, the majority of computational evidence supports a benign effect, which is consistent with the ClinVar Uncertain status and does not contradict it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Uncertain		1	6-33432245-G-A	6	3.72e-6	-1.711	Likely Benign	0.320	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.037	Likely Benign										-1.04	Neutral	0.006	Benign	0.001	Benign	4.04	Benign	0.02	Affected	3.74	4	1	1	1.0	-28.06
c.382C>A	P128T 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant P128T is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status (ClinVar ID 2801315.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33432247‑C‑A). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN). Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv and polyPhen‑2 HumVar. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote) as likely benign; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the majority of evidence points to a benign impact, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Uncertain		1	6-33432247-C-A	1	6.20e-7	-4.217	Likely Benign	0.267	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.075	Likely Benign										-0.96	Neutral	0.952	Possibly Damaging	0.500	Possibly Damaging	4.19	Benign	0.35	Tolerated	3.74	4	-1	0	0.9	3.99
c.470G>A	R157H 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R157H (ClinVar ID 2065231.0) is listed as Uncertain in ClinVar and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33432767‑G‑A). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized classifying the variant as benign, while the SGM Consensus—derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN—yields a tie and is therefore inconclusive. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no reported result for this variant. Overall, the balance of predictions leans toward pathogenic, but the high‑accuracy tools do not provide a definitive verdict. This assessment does not contradict the ClinVar status, which remains Uncertain. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.			Uncertain		1	6-33432767-G-A	1	6.20e-7	-10.235	Likely Pathogenic	0.604	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.254	Likely Benign										-2.23	Neutral	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.987	Probably Damaging	3.80	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.74	4	2	0	1.3	-19.05
c.484C>G	R162G 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R162G is listed in ClinVar (ID 2703066.0) with an uncertain significance status and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv and AlphaMissense‑Default. The SGM‑Consensus, which aggregates AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is classified as Likely Benign (three benign votes versus one pathogenic). High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as Benign and the SGM‑Consensus as Likely Benign; Foldetta stability analysis is unavailable. Overall, the majority of predictions support a benign impact, and this is consistent with the ClinVar uncertain status rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Uncertain		1				-6.985	Likely Benign	0.664	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.190	Likely Benign										-0.73	Neutral	0.487	Possibly Damaging	0.272	Benign	4.09	Benign	0.78	Tolerated	3.74	4	-2	-3	4.1	-99.14
c.484C>T	R162C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R162C is listed in ClinVar as Pathogenic and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, and FATHMM, whereas tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The high‑accuracy AlphaMissense‑Optimized score is uncertain, the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) is inconclusive, and Foldetta stability analysis is unavailable. Overall, the available predictions are split evenly between benign and pathogenic, with no single method providing decisive evidence. Thus, the variant’s pathogenicity remains uncertain based on computational predictions, which contradicts the ClinVar pathogenic classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.			Pathogenic		2				-8.157	Likely Pathogenic	0.787	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.150	Likely Benign										-2.05	Neutral	0.988	Probably Damaging	0.513	Possibly Damaging	4.00	Benign	0.11	Tolerated	3.74	4	-4	-3	7.0	-53.05
c.485G>A	R162H 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R162H is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in the gnomAD database (variant ID 6‑33432782‑G‑A). Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign calls are made by REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, whereas pathogenic calls come from polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar) and ESM1b; AlphaMissense‑Default remains uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign outcome: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign, and the SGM Consensus—derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN—also yields a benign verdict. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method that integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, did not provide a result for this variant. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a benign effect, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.			Uncertain		1	6-33432782-G-A	2	1.24e-6	-9.730	Likely Pathogenic	0.480	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.167	Likely Benign										-1.13	Neutral	0.957	Probably Damaging	0.513	Possibly Damaging	4.03	Benign	0.12	Tolerated	3.74	4	2	0	1.3	-19.05
c.491G>A	R164Q 2D AISynGAP1 missense variant R164Q is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33432788‑G‑A). Functional prediction tools show mixed results: benign predictions come from REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, whereas pathogenic predictions come from polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, SIFT, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. High‑accuracy assessments indicate that AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts a benign effect, while the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is inconclusive due to a 2‑to‑2 split; Foldetta results are not available. Overall, the balance of evidence slightly favors a benign interpretation, and this does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.			Uncertain		1	6-33432788-G-A	2	1.24e-6	-11.208	Likely Pathogenic	0.600	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.184	Likely Benign										-1.86	Neutral	0.957	Probably Damaging	0.342	Benign	3.82	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.74	4	1	1	1.0	-28.06
c.505G>A	D169N 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant D169N is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools show a split: six methods (REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Optimized) predict a benign effect, while three (SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default) predict pathogenicity. High‑accuracy assessments are mixed: AlphaMissense‑Optimized indicates benign, whereas the SGM Consensus—derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN—yields a tie and is therefore inconclusive. No Foldetta stability data are available. Overall, the balance of evidence leans toward a benign impact, which does not contradict the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.			Uncertain		1				-10.713	Likely Pathogenic	0.761	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.110	Likely Benign										-2.04	Neutral	0.079	Benign	0.052	Benign	4.07	Benign	0.01	Affected	3.74	4	2	1	0.0	-0.98
c.508C>T	R170W 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant R170W is listed in ClinVar (ID 1310195.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect are REVEL and FATHMM, whereas the remaining tools—PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN)—all predict a pathogenic or likely pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments further support a deleterious impact: AlphaMissense‑Optimized classifies the variant as pathogenic, and the SGM‑Consensus indicates it is likely pathogenic; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, which is consistent with the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic		Uncertain		2				-11.660	Likely Pathogenic	0.978	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.241	Likely Benign										-4.28	Deleterious	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.849	Possibly Damaging	3.84	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.74	4	2	-3	3.6	30.03
c.509G>A	R170Q 2D AISynGAP1 missense variant R170Q is listed in ClinVar as Pathogenic and is not reported in gnomAD. Computational predictors show a split: benign calls come from REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, and FATHMM, while pathogenic calls come from polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, SIFT, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The high‑accuracy AlphaMissense‑Optimized score is Uncertain, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) is inconclusive; Foldetta stability analysis is unavailable. Thus, no single method or high‑accuracy consensus strongly supports pathogenicity. The variant is most likely benign according to the current computational evidence, which contradicts the ClinVar pathogenic designation. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.			Pathogenic/Likely path.		6				-9.021	Likely Pathogenic	0.798	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.221	Likely Benign										-2.31	Neutral	0.947	Possibly Damaging	0.342	Benign	3.91	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.74	4	1	1	1.0	-28.06																10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.11.011
c.2405G>A	G802D 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant G802D is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (6‑33442957‑G‑A). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, and FATHMM—all classifying the change as benign. No tool predicts a pathogenic outcome. The high‑accuracy assessments further support a benign interpretation: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) indicates a likely benign effect. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the consensus of available predictions points to a benign impact, which does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	SH3-binding motif	Uncertain		1	6-33442957-G-A	1	6.20e-7	-5.083	Likely Benign	0.476	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.153	Likely Benign										-0.38	Neutral	0.126	Benign	0.138	Benign	2.72	Benign	0.09	Tolerated	3.77	5	1	-1	-3.1	58.04
c.2408A>G	K803R 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant K803R is listed in ClinVar (ID 834618.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools largely agree on a benign effect: SGM‑Consensus, REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), ESM1b, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all predict benign. Only two tools—SIFT and FATHMM—predict pathogenicity. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign outcome: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) is “Likely Benign.” Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the preponderance of evidence indicates the variant is most likely benign, which does not contradict the current ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	SH3-binding motif	Uncertain		1				-2.281	Likely Benign	0.097	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.018	Likely Benign										-1.52	Neutral	0.103	Benign	0.038	Benign	2.38	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.77	5	3	2	-0.6	28.01
c.2414T>C	L805P 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant L805P is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools show a split: benign calls come from REVEL, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, while pathogenic calls are made by PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and FATHMM; AlphaMissense‑Default remains uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments give a benign result from AlphaMissense‑Optimized, a pathogenic outcome from the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN), and no Foldetta data are available. Overall, the majority of predictions lean toward pathogenicity, and this conclusion does not conflict with the ClinVar uncertain status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		SH3-binding motif	Uncertain		1				-4.661	Likely Benign	0.444	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.272	Likely Benign										-3.40	Deleterious	0.975	Probably Damaging	0.767	Possibly Damaging	2.36	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.77	5	-3	-3	-5.4	-16.04
c.2420A>G	Y807C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant Y807C is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status (ClinVar ID 2119812.0) and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33442972‑A‑G). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that agree on a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and FATHMM; ESM1b is uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicting benign, while the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) predicts pathogenic. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the majority of predictions (five pathogenic vs. three benign) and the SGM Consensus support a pathogenic interpretation, whereas AlphaMissense‑Optimized alone suggests benign. The variant is most likely pathogenic based on the collective evidence, and this conclusion is not contradicted by the ClinVar “Uncertain” status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.		SH3-binding motif	Uncertain		1	6-33442972-A-G	1	6.20e-7	-7.228	In-Between	0.204	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.243	Likely Benign										-3.89	Deleterious	0.997	Probably Damaging	0.934	Probably Damaging	2.42	Pathogenic	0.01	Affected	3.77	5	0	-2	3.8	-60.04
c.2420A>T	Y807F 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant Y807F is listed in ClinVar (ID 1491782.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. All evaluated in‑silico predictors classify the substitution as benign: REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all return benign scores, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) also indicates a likely benign effect. No tool in the set predicts pathogenicity. High‑accuracy assessments confirm this: AlphaMissense‑Optimized is benign, and the SGM‑Consensus (derived from the four high‑accuracy predictors) is benign. Foldetta, which integrates FoldX‑MD and Rosetta stability calculations, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the computational evidence strongly supports a benign impact, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign	SH3-binding motif	Uncertain		1				-3.667	Likely Benign	0.073	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.057	Likely Benign										0.14	Neutral	0.012	Benign	0.022	Benign	2.92	Benign	0.98	Tolerated	3.77	5	7	3	4.1	-16.00
c.2459A>G	Y820C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant Y820C is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, SIFT, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized, while those that predict a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports the variant as “Likely Pathogenic.” High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign, SGM‑Consensus as likely pathogenic, and Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the balance of evidence—including the SGM‑Consensus—suggests the variant is most likely pathogenic, a conclusion that does not contradict the current ClinVar uncertain classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic		Uncertain		1				-8.797	Likely Pathogenic	0.744	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.113	Likely Benign										-3.16	Deleterious	1.000	Probably Damaging	0.983	Probably Damaging	2.68	Benign	0.06	Tolerated	3.77	5	0	-2	3.8	-60.04
c.2474C>T	S825L 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S825L is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33443026‑C‑T). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL and ESM1b, whereas the majority of tools (PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default) predict a pathogenic impact. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports the variant as “Likely Pathogenic.” High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as “Uncertain,” and the Foldetta stability analysis is unavailable. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect, which is consistent with the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic		Uncertain		1	6-33443026-C-T	1	6.20e-7	-4.987	Likely Benign	0.910	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.249	Likely Benign										-4.30	Deleterious	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.994	Probably Damaging	1.94	Pathogenic	0.01	Affected	3.77	5	-2	-3	4.6	26.08
c.2485G>A	E829K 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant E829K is listed in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 1721258.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Functional prediction tools largely agree on a deleterious effect: pathogenic predictions come from PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN). Only REVEL predicts a benign outcome, while ESM1b and AlphaMissense‑Optimized are uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments show the SGM‑Consensus as Likely Pathogenic, AlphaMissense‑Optimized as uncertain, and Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the preponderance of evidence indicates that E829K is most likely pathogenic, and this conclusion aligns with the ClinVar pathogenic classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic		Pathogenic		1				-7.527	In-Between	0.807	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.194	Likely Benign										-2.65	Deleterious	0.994	Probably Damaging	0.900	Possibly Damaging	2.27	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.77	5	0	1	-0.4	-0.94
c.2493G>C	E831D 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant E831D is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33443045‑G‑C). All available in‑silico predictors classify the change as benign: REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. No tool reports a pathogenic or likely‑pathogenic outcome. Grouping by agreement, the benign‑predicting tools comprise the entire set, while no pathogenic predictions are present. High‑accuracy assessments reinforce this: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign; the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) also yields a benign classification. Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the computational evidence strongly supports a benign effect, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” designation. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Uncertain		1	6-33443045-G-C	1	6.19e-7	-3.055	Likely Benign	0.063	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.073	Likely Benign										1.23	Neutral	0.002	Benign	0.002	Benign	2.64	Benign	0.77	Tolerated	3.77	5	3	2	0.0	-14.03
c.2503C>A	L835M 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant L835M is listed in ClinVar (ID 2731331.0) as benign and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN). Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are PolyPhen‑2 HumDiv and PolyPhen‑2 HumVar. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized classifying the variant as benign, the SGM‑Consensus also indicating a likely benign outcome, while Foldetta (combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) has no available result for this variant. Overall, the preponderance of evidence—including the high‑accuracy tools—supports a benign classification, which is consistent with the ClinVar status. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Benign		1				-4.153	Likely Benign	0.121	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.068	Likely Benign										-0.45	Neutral	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.977	Probably Damaging	2.67	Benign	0.12	Tolerated	3.77	5	2	4	-1.9	18.03
c.2506A>G	S836G 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S836G is listed in ClinVar (ID 537003.0) with an uncertain significance annotation and is observed in the gnomAD database (variant ID 6‑33443058‑A‑G). Consensus from multiple in silico predictors indicates a benign effect: REVEL, PROVEAN, PolyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized all classify the substitution as benign. No tool in the dataset predicts pathogenicity. High‑accuracy assessments corroborate this: AlphaMissense‑Optimized reports a benign outcome, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) is labeled Likely Benign. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability predictor, did not return a result for this variant, so its status is unavailable. Overall, the computational evidence strongly supports a benign classification, which does not conflict with the ClinVar uncertain designation. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Uncertain		1	6-33443058-A-G	4	2.48e-6	-4.749	Likely Benign	0.112	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.066	Likely Benign										-1.65	Neutral	0.006	Benign	0.019	Benign	2.54	Benign	0.39	Tolerated	3.77	5	1	0	0.4	-30.03
c.2514C>A	N838K 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant N838K is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status (ClinVar ID 1377909.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, SIFT, and FATHMM, whereas those that predict a pathogenic effect are PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports the variant as “Likely Pathogenic.” High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as “Uncertain,” SGM‑Consensus as “Likely Pathogenic,” and Foldetta (a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs) has no available result for this variant. Overall, the balance of evidence leans toward a pathogenic interpretation, which does not contradict the current ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic		Uncertain		2				-8.470	Likely Pathogenic	0.862	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.097	Likely Benign										-2.78	Deleterious	0.997	Probably Damaging	0.995	Probably Damaging	2.69	Benign	0.16	Tolerated	3.77	5	1	0	-0.4	14.07
c.2518A>T	S840C 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S840C is listed in ClinVar (ID 2089808.0) with an “Uncertain” status and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include only REVEL, whereas the majority of algorithms—PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Default—consistently predict a pathogenic impact. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as “Uncertain,” SGM‑Consensus (derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) as “Likely Pathogenic,” and Foldetta results are unavailable. Taken together, the preponderance of evidence points to a pathogenic effect for S840C. This conclusion aligns with the ClinVar designation of uncertainty rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic		Uncertain		1				-8.799	Likely Pathogenic	0.904	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.376	Likely Benign										-3.96	Deleterious	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.975	Probably Damaging	1.50	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.77	5	0	-1	3.3	16.06
c.2521G>A	V841M 2D AISynGAP1 variant V841M is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (6-33443073-G-A). Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions from REVEL, PROVEAN, FATHMM, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized; pathogenic predictions from polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The ESM1b score is inconclusive. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign interpretation: AlphaMissense‑Optimized predicts benign, the SGM Consensus (majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) also yields benign, while Foldetta stability analysis is unavailable. Taken together, the majority of evidence, including the high‑accuracy tools, points to a benign effect for V841M. This conclusion does not conflict with the ClinVar uncertain status, which reflects the current lack of definitive clinical data. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.			Uncertain		1	6-33443073-G-A	3	1.86e-6	-7.000	In-Between	0.651	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Benign	0.119	Likely Benign										-0.74	Neutral	0.999	Probably Damaging	0.998	Probably Damaging	2.54	Benign	0.02	Affected	3.77	5	1	2	-2.3	32.06
c.2522T>C	V841A 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant V841A (ClinVar ID 1395978.0) is listed as Uncertain in ClinVar and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33443074‑T‑C). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, and FATHMM, whereas those that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, SIFT, ESM1b, and AlphaMissense‑Default. The high‑accuracy AlphaMissense‑Optimized tool reports an uncertain outcome, and the SGM Consensus—derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN—yields a tie (two pathogenic, two benign) and is therefore inconclusive. No Foldetta stability assessment is available for this variant. Overall, the balance of evidence favors a pathogenic interpretation, which does not contradict the current ClinVar designation of Uncertain. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.			Uncertain		1	6-33443074-T-C	3	1.86e-6	-8.152	Likely Pathogenic	0.901	Likely Pathogenic	Ambiguous	0.183	Likely Benign										-2.13	Neutral	0.992	Probably Damaging	0.989	Probably Damaging	2.57	Benign	0.02	Affected	3.77	5	0	0	-2.4	-28.05
c.2525C>A	S842Y 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S842Y is listed in ClinVar as Pathogenic (ClinVar ID 624244.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include only REVEL, whereas the remaining tools—PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized—consistently predict a pathogenic impact. High‑accuracy assessments further support pathogenicity: AlphaMissense‑Optimized returns a pathogenic score, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) is labeled Likely Pathogenic. Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the preponderance of evidence indicates that the variant is most likely pathogenic, in agreement with its ClinVar classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Pathogenic		Likely Pathogenic		1				-16.124	Likely Pathogenic	0.995	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.191	Likely Benign										-4.28	Deleterious	0.944	Possibly Damaging	0.676	Possibly Damaging	1.97	Pathogenic	0.00	Affected	3.77	5	-3	-2	-0.5	76.10
c.2548G>A	G850R 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant G850R is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance (ClinVar ID 2042462.0) and is not reported in gnomAD. Prediction tools that classify the variant as benign include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote). Only SIFT predicts a pathogenic effect, while AlphaMissense‑Default remains uncertain. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized labeling the variant as benign and the SGM‑Consensus indicating a likely benign outcome; Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method, did not provide a result for this substitution. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a benign impact, which aligns with the ClinVar designation of uncertain significance rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Uncertain		1				-5.082	Likely Benign	0.398	Ambiguous	Likely Benign	0.194	Likely Benign										-0.07	Neutral	0.010	Benign	0.010	Benign	4.30	Benign	0.01	Affected	3.77	5	-3	-2	-4.1	99.14
c.2573G>A	S858N 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S858N is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33443125‑G‑A). Functional prediction tools largely agree on a benign effect: REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, AlphaMissense‑Optimized, and the SGM‑Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, PROVEAN) all indicate benign. In contrast, polyPhen‑2 HumVar and SIFT predict pathogenicity, but these two tools are in the minority. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as likely benign; Foldetta results are unavailable. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a benign impact, and this conclusion does not contradict the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Uncertain		1	6-33443125-G-A	2	1.24e-6	-4.311	Likely Benign	0.121	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.107	Likely Benign										-0.67	Neutral	0.448	Benign	0.846	Possibly Damaging	4.13	Benign	0.02	Affected	3.77	5	1	1	-2.7	27.03
c.2578G>A	V860I 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant V860I is catalogued in ClinVar as a benign alteration (ClinVar ID 411591.0) and is present in the gnomAD database (gnomAD ID 6‑33443130‑G‑A). Prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 (HumDiv and HumVar), ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Only SIFT predicts a pathogenic outcome. High‑accuracy assessments further support a benign classification: AlphaMissense‑Optimized returns benign, and the SGM Consensus (majority vote from AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN) indicates “Likely Benign.” No Foldetta stability prediction is available for this variant. Overall, the consensus of computational evidence strongly favors a benign impact, aligning with the ClinVar designation and showing no contradiction. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Benign		1	6-33443130-G-A	21	1.30e-5	-4.516	Likely Benign	0.095	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.039	Likely Benign										-0.42	Neutral	0.009	Benign	0.006	Benign	4.24	Benign	0.00	Affected	3.77	5	4	3	0.3	14.03
c.2619C>G	S873R 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant S873R is listed in ClinVar with an uncertain significance and is present in gnomAD (ID 6‑33443171‑C‑G). Functional prediction tools cluster into two groups: benign predictions come from REVEL, SIFT, ESM1b, and FATHMM, while pathogenic predictions arise from PROVEAN, polyPhen‑2 HumDiv, polyPhen‑2 HumVar, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as pathogenic; the SGM Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, is inconclusive (two pathogenic versus two benign votes), and Foldetta stability analysis is unavailable. Overall, the balance of evidence favors a pathogenic effect, which contrasts with the ClinVar designation of uncertain significance. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.			Uncertain		1	6-33443171-C-G	1	6.20e-7	-5.856	Likely Benign	0.976	Likely Pathogenic	Likely Pathogenic	0.192	Likely Benign										-2.74	Deleterious	0.997	Probably Damaging	0.995	Probably Damaging	2.67	Benign	0.06	Tolerated	3.77	5	0	-1	-3.7	69.11
c.2623G>A	A875T 2D AIThe SynGAP1 missense variant A875T is listed in ClinVar with an “Uncertain” status and is present in gnomAD (variant ID 6‑33443175‑G‑A). Functional prediction tools that agree on a benign effect include REVEL, PROVEAN, SIFT, ESM1b, FATHMM, AlphaMissense‑Default, and AlphaMissense‑Optimized. Tools that predict a pathogenic effect are polyPhen‑2 HumDiv and polyPhen‑2 HumVar. The SGM‑Consensus, derived from a majority vote of AlphaMissense‑Default, ESM1b, FATHMM, and PROVEAN, reports the variant as “Likely Benign.” High‑accuracy assessments show AlphaMissense‑Optimized as benign and the SGM‑Consensus as likely benign; Foldetta, a protein‑folding stability method combining FoldX‑MD and Rosetta outputs, has no available result for this variant. Overall, the preponderance of evidence points to a benign impact, which is consistent with the ClinVar “Uncertain” classification rather than contradicting it. Disclaimer: This summary was generated using AI and should be interpreted alongside expert review.	Likely Benign		Uncertain		1	6-33443175-G-A	1	6.20e-7	-3.793	Likely Benign	0.179	Likely Benign	Likely Benign	0.110	Likely Benign										-1.56	Neutral	0.972	Probably Damaging	0.864	Possibly Damaging	2.72	Benign	0.26	Tolerated	3.77	5	0	1	-2.5	30.03